scholarly journals Climate change action and COP

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Prachi Ugle Pimpalkhute
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Emission Reductions

As Climate Change has become the focal point of discussion across all sectors, entities and cities, mainstreaming it with country’s agenda be it in the parliament or via varied reporting conundrum is on all time high this decade. As leadership forays, be it as a key chair, leader, negotiator, observer, moderator, panelist, scientist, peer group or as an institutional representee – how country’s spearheads or leads the negotiations and table in the discussion for better facilitation and pathway depends on its strong legislative backing. There are varied framework, methodologies and articles available as per IPCC, UNFCCC and other global compacts (GHG inventory) on the basis of which quantification and emission reductions and its trajectories are framed; however, every country’s sectoral emission differs and so does the standardization.

scholarly journals Declining risk of ozone impacts on vegetation in Europe 1990–2050 due to reduced precursor emissions in a changed climate

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 625-655
Author(s):  
J. Klingberg ◽  
M. Engardt ◽  
P. E. Karlsson ◽  
J. Langner ◽  
H. Pleijel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Emission Scenario ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Ozone Uptake ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
Ozone Precursor

Abstract. The impacts of climate change and changes in ozone precursor emission on ozone exposure (AOT40) of the vegetation in Europe were investigated. In addition, meteorological conditions influencing stomatal uptake of ozone were analysed to find out if climate change is likely to affect the risk for ozone damage to vegetation. Climate simulations based on the IPCC SRES A1B scenario were combined with ozone precursor emission changes from the RCP4.5 scenario and used as input to the Eulerian Chemical Transport Model MATCH from which projections of ozone concentrations were derived. Provided that the climate projections are realistic and the emission reductions of the emission scenario are undertaken, the ozone exposure of vegetation over Europe will be significantly reduced between the two time periods 1990–2009 and 2040–2059. This decline in AOT40 is larger than the reduction in average ozone concentrations. The reduction is driven by the emission reductions assumed by the RCP4.5 emission scenario, rather than changes in the climate. Higher temperatures in a future climate will result in a prolonged growing season over Europe as well as larger temperature sums during the growing season. Both the extended growing season and higher temperatures may enhance ozone uptake by plants in colder parts of Europe. The future climate suggested by the regional climate model will be dryer in terms of higher vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and lower soil moisture in southern Europe, which may reduce ozone uptake. VPD and soil moisture was not projected to change in north and north-west Europe to an extent that would influence ozone uptake by vegetation. This study shows that substantial reductions of ozone precursor emissions have the potential to strongly reduce the risk for ozone effects on vegetation, even if concurrent climate change promotes ozone formation.

scholarly journals Institutional Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation in Burkina Faso: How could We Go around Them?

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Fiacre Basson ◽  
Djibril S. Dayamba ◽  
Joel Korahire ◽  
Jean M. Dipama ◽  
Francois Zougmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Key Stakeholders

Despite the existence of a National Adaptation Plan to climate change (NAP) in Burkina Faso, operationalizing adaptation still face a number of challenges. The current study focused on identifying institutional barriers to the strategic objectives of climate change adaptation (CCA) using a literature review and semi-structured interviews conducted with key stakeholders / resource persons involved in the implementation of the NAP. The results revealed a weak collaboration between the NAP steering institution and the ministerial departments covered by the NAP. This situation, first, hampers the implementation of adaptation actions and secondly, the monitoring reporting and verification of adaptation initiatives. Further, the analysis revealed that lack of financial resources poses constraints to many actions that were to be taken by the steering institution and therefore creates poor ownership of the NAP by the main stakeholders that should be actively involved in the NAP process. To cope with the various constraints, it is necessary to have strong political support in many aspects. For instance, it was judged that institutionalizing the role of climate change (CC) focal point within the ministries and embedding NAP monitoring and evaluation (M&E) objectives and indicators with existing functional M&E systems in the sectorial ministries will ease CCA actions integration in operational plans, their implementation and documentation. Moreover, it is relevant to have a continuous capacity building plan to keep stakeholders updated on climate change issues as this will support them in their mandate of mainstreaming CC into ministerial operational plans and lead to optimal CCA implementation and monitoring.

scholarly journals The future of carbon dioxide removal must be transdisciplinary

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 20200038
Author(s):  
Tamara Jane Zelikova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Removal ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Holistic Research

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) represents a suite of pathways to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and mitigate climate change. The importance of CDR has expanded in recent years as emission reductions are not at pace to meet climate goals. This CDR-themed issue brings together diverse perspectives in order to identify opportunities to integrate across CDR disciplines, create a more holistic research agenda and inform how CDR is deployed. The individual papers within the issue discuss engineered and nature-based CDR approaches as well as the broader social and behavioural dimensions of CDR development and deployment. Here, I summarize the main take-aways from these individual papers and present a path for integrating key lessons across disciplines to ensure CDR is scaled equitably and sustainably to deliver on its climate mitigation promise.

Climate change and women in South Asia: a review and future policy implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-166
Author(s):  
Sangram Kishor Patel ◽  
Gopal Agrawal ◽  
Bincy Mathew ◽  
Sunita Patel ◽  
Biswajit Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
The South ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Policy

Purpose South Asian region is a focal point owing to its vulnerabilities to climate-sensitive diseases, dependence on climate-sensitive livelihoods, projected levels of crop decline in the region, and high rates of poverty and malnutrition. Women are particularly vulnerable to climate change and this affects women disproportionately during different extreme events. The purpose of this paper is to understand the issue of climate change and its impact, and climate resilience among women in South Asia. Further, it also identifies the gaps and suggests future policy implications. Design/methodology/approach Climate change is increasingly being recognised as an alarming issue and the present review is important when South Asian countries are facing the brunt of climate change impacts. This paper tries to understand the issue by review of the literature and conceptual framework methodology. To understand women’s vulnerability due to climate change and its aftermath, the authors conducted both offline and online desk reviews for this study. Findings The findings of this study show a clear linkage between climate change and women’s vulnerabilities in South Asia. Climate change has significant socio-economic impacts on women, and it affects them disproportionately in various domains of agriculture, livelihood, food security, both physical and mental health, water and sanitation in the South Asia region. Practical implications The paper also highlights that the programmes that aim at combating the effects of climate change require a gender-sensitive approach so that climate change does not obstruct the development and reduction of poverty in the region. Social implications The findings of this paper will add value in helping families to come out of poverty by undertaking adaptive measures with proactive assistance from the government and grassroots level organisations. Originality/value The present study also advocates for more gender- and climate-sensitive measures from governments, and implementation of intervention- and evidence-based research in the South Asian countries.

scholarly journals Tipping to Staying on the Ground: Internalized Knowledge of Climate Change Crucial for Transformed Air Travel Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Jacobson ◽  
Jonas Åkerman ◽  
Matteo Giusti ◽  
Avit K. Bhowmik
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Media ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
The Impact

Air travel accounts for a major share of individual greenhouse gas emissions, particularly for people in high-income countries. Until recently, few have reduced flying because of climate concerns, but currently, a movement for staying on the ground is rising. Sweden has been a focal point for this movement, particularly during 2018–2019, when a flight tax was introduced, and air travel reduction was intensely discussed in the media. We performed semi-structured interviews with Swedish residents, focusing primarily on individuals who have reduced flying because of its climate impact. We explore how such individual transformation of air travel behavior comes about, and the phases and components of this process. Applying a framework of sustainability transformation, we identify incentives and barriers in personal and political spheres. We show that internalized knowledge about climate change and the impact of air travel is crucial for instigating behavioral change. Awareness evokes negative emotions leading to a personal tipping point where a decision to reduce or quit flying is made. However, the process is often counteracted by both personal values and political structures promoting air travel. Even individuals with a strong drive to reduce flying feel trapped in social practices, norms and infrastructures. Hence, we argue that personal and political spheres interact complexly and to reduce flying at larger scales, interventions are needed across spheres, e.g., change of norms, effective policy instruments and better alternatives to air travel.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Applying Clean Development Mechanism and GHGs Emission Reductions in the Gold Mining Industry: A Case of Thailand

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suthirat Kittipongvises
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Development Mechanism

Abstract There is presently overwhelming scientific consensus that global climate change is indeed occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. An increasingly resource and carbon constrained world will continue to pose formidable challenges to major industries, including mining. Understanding the implications of climate change mitigation for the mining industry, however, remains limited. This paper presents the results of a feasibility study on the implementation of a clean development mechanism and greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission reductions in the gold mining industry. It draws upon and extends the analysis of a case study conducted on gold mining operations in Thailand. The results from the case study indicated that total GHGs emissions by company A were approximately 36,886 tons carbon dioxide equivalents (tCO2e) per annual gold production capacity that meet the eligibility criteria for small-scaled clean development mechanism (CDM) projects. The electrostatic separation process was found to release the lowest amount of GHGs, whereas comminution (i.e. crushing and grinding) generated the highest GHGs emissions. By scope, the emission from purchased electricity (scope 2) is the most significant source. Opportunities for CDM projects implementation in the gold mining sector can be found in employing energy efficiency measures. Through innovation, some technical efficiency and technological development in gold processing (i.e. high pressure grinding rolls (HPGR), vertical roller mills (VRM), gravity pre-concentration and microwave heating technologies) that have the potential to reduce energy use and also lower carbon footprint of the gold mining were further discussed. The evidence reviews found that HPGR and VRM abatement technologies have shown energy and climate benefits as electricity savings and CO2 reduction of about 8-25.93 kWh/ton ore processed and 1.8-26.66 kgCO2/ton ore processed, respectively. Implications for further research and practice were finally raised.

scholarly journals Applying a systems approach to assess carbon emission reductions from climate change mitigation in Mexico’s forest sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 035003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Olguin ◽  
Craig Wayson ◽  
Max Fellows ◽  
Richard Birdsey ◽  
Carolyn E Smyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Change Mitigation

Benefits of Recent Clean Air Actions in China on Global Air Quality and Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiang Zhang ◽  
Drew Shindell ◽  
Karl Seltzer ◽  
Lu Shen ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Emission Changes

<p>Significant emission reductions have been observed in China recently, especially after the the ‘Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan’ in 2013. Major air pollutants, such as NOx, CO, SO<sub>2</sub>, are found to reach their peak in 2012 or 2013. Few studies attempted to investigate how the recent emission reductions in China will affect global air quality and climate change. Here, by using global climate-chemistry models and health impact functions, we investigate how the contrasting emission changes in China from 2010 to 2017 will affect global air quality, mortality burden and climate change. We calculate that compared with the year 2010, 4800 deaths were avoided due to ozone reductions in 2017 globally, while 65% of the avoided deaths happen in China, and the other 35% worldwide. In 2017, 109,000 deaths were avoided due to PM<sub>2.5 </sub>reductions, while 92% of the avoided deaths happen in China, and the other 8% worldwide. We also find that the cooling effect from the emission reductions of SO<sub>2</sub> in China has been compensated by the warming effect from the emission reductions of black carbon at the same time in China, which is the opposite trend as found in the developed countries in previous decades.</p>

Conflict and Cooperation among Sino-US-EU Based on Climate Change

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 954-958
Author(s):  
Ya Qiong Wang ◽  
Yao Wen Xue
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Conflict And Cooperation ◽  
Common Concern ◽  
Developing Trend ◽  
The Common

Global warming is emerging as the common concern of all countries and people on earth. This paper first emphatically analyzes the game process of Sino-US-EU according to the interest and position of the groups at the UN Conference on Climate Change. After that, the paper finds the reason why the three parties failed to reach an agreement and proposes measures to solve the focal point. In the end, this paper prospects the developing trend to the next Climate Change Conference.

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