scholarly journals Biology of Acinetobacter baumannii: Pathogenesis, Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms, and Prospective Treatment Options

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Ro Lee ◽  
Jung Hun Lee ◽  
Moonhee Park ◽  
Kwang Seung Park ◽  
Il Kwon Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii From Khartoum State, Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Al-Hassan ◽  
Hana Elbadawi ◽  
Einas Osman ◽  
Sara Ali ◽  
Kamal Elhag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Core Genome ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Allelic Differences

Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) is an important global pathogen contributing to increased morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, due to limited alternative treatment options. Nine international clonal (IC) lineages have been identified in many countries worldwide, however, data still lacks from some parts of the world, particularly in Africa. We hereby present the molecular epidemiology of MDR A. baumannii from four hospitals in Khartoum, Sudan, collected from 2017 to 2018. Forty-two isolates were whole-genome sequenced, and subsequent molecular epidemiology was determined by core genome MLST (cgMLST), and their resistomes identified. All isolates had an array of diverse antibiotic resistance mechanisms conferring resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. We found a predominance (88%) of IC2 (with the intrinsic OXA-66 and acquired OXA-23), and some with NDM-1. IC2 isolates were sub-divided into 4 STs separated by 5 to 431 allelic differences, and with evidence of seven transmission clusters. Isolates belonging to IC1, IC5, and IC9 were also identified. These data illustrate that MDR IC2 A. baumannii are widely distributed in Khartoum hospitals and are in possession of multiple antibiotic resistance determinants.

scholarly journals Carbapenemase Genes and Multidrug Resistance of Acinetobacter Baumannii: A Cross Sectional Study of Patients with Pneumonia in Southern Vietnam

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuong Hoang Quoc ◽  
Thao Nguyen Thi Phuong ◽  
Hai Nguyen Duc ◽  
Trung Tran Le ◽  
Hang Tran Thi Thu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen found in hospital-acquired infections including nosocomial pneumonia, especially multidrug-resistant Ab. This study aims to survey the drug resistance profiles of Ab isolated from patients in Thong Nhat Dong Nai General Hospital and assess the relationship between genotypes and antibiotic resistance; Methods: Ninety-seven Ab strains isolated from 340 lower respiratory tract specimens among pneumonia patients were used to screen the most common local carbapenemase genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results and demographic data were collected and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of colistin were also determined; Results: Over 80% and 90% of Ab strains were determined as carbapenem-resistant and multidrug-resistant (MDR), respectively. Most of the strains carried carbapenemase genes, including blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-58-like, and blaNDM-1, with proportions of 97 (100%), 76 (78.4%), 10 (10.3%), 6 (6.2%), respectively. Amongst these genes, blaOXA-23-like was the only gene which significantly influenced the resistance (p < 0.0001); and Conclusions: The severity of Ab antibiotic resistance is urgent and specifically related to carbapenemase encoding genes. Therefore, screening of MDR Ab and carbapenemase for better treatment options is necessary.

scholarly journals The Frequency of Antibiotic Resistance and ESBLs Among Clinically Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Isolated from Patients in a Major Hospital in Tehran, Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Ranjbar ◽  
Sajjad S. Tolon ◽  
Shahin Zayeri ◽  
Mehrdad Sami
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Background:Bacterial resistance to antibiotics limits treatment options, increases morbidity and mortality, and raises the risk of antibiotic-associated adverse events. Antibacterial resistance emerges rapidly following an increase in the consumption of antibiotics against infectious diseases. The spread of ESBL producing strains has a limiting factor based on antibiotic function for the treatment of infections particularly caused byAcinetobacter baumannii(A. baumannii).Objective:This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and distribution ofblaTEM,blaCTX, andblaSHVgenes amongA. baumanniistrains isolated from clinical samples at a major hospital in Teheran, Iran.Methods:A. baumanniistrains were isolated and identified using standard microbiological methods. The disc diffusion and combined discs methods were used for testing antimicrobial susceptibility and to identify the strains producing Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL), respectively. DNA extraction was done by boiling method. Finally, the frequency of resistant genes includingblaTEM,blaCTX, andblaSHVin ESBL producing isolates was studied by PCR.Results:Gender distribution in this study was 53 (53%) samples for men and 47 (47%) for women. Totally, one hundredA. baumanniistrains were isolated. More than 93% of the isolates were multi drug resistant. The highest to lowest antibiotic resistance was observed against amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (98%), ceftriaxone (96%), cefotaxime (94%), and ceftazidime (93%), respectively. The frequency of positive phenotypic test of ESBL was 19% and 16% for CAZ-C and CTX-C, respectively. The frequency ofblaTEM,blaCTX, andblaSHVgenes was 52.1, 43.4, and 21.7, respectively.Conclusion:A. baumanniiisolates exhibited an extremely worrying level of antibiotic resistance, and a high percentage of the isolates showed MDR in this study. This is a serious warning because ESBLs are a major threat to the effectiveness of antibiotics that are currently available for medical uses. The frequency of genes encoded ESBL isolates ofA. baumanniimay be due to overuse and misuse of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii

ANKEM Dergisi ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-207
Author(s):  
Ihsan Hakki Ciftci ◽  
Gulsah Asik
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms

Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms and Their Transmission in Acinetobacter baumannii

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-153
Author(s):  
Ronan R. McCarthy ◽  
Gerald J. Larrouy-Maumus ◽  
Mei Gei C. Meiqi Tan ◽  
David W. Wareham
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms

scholarly journals Phage Therapy for a Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Craniectomy Site Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie LaVergne ◽  
Theron Hamilton ◽  
Biswajit Biswas ◽  
M Kumaraswamy ◽  
R T Schooley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy

Abstract In the era of antibiotic resistance, alternative treatment options for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections are being explored. We present a case of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection treated with bacteriophages. Clinical trials are needed to further investigate bacteriophage therapy as an option to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.

scholarly journals In vivo protein interaction network analysis reveals porin-localized antibiotic inactivation in Acinetobacter baumannii strain AB5075

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Wu ◽  
Juan D. Chavez ◽  
Devin K. Schweppe ◽  
Chunxiang Zheng ◽  
Chad R. Weisbrod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Protein Interaction ◽  
Protein Interaction Network ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Strain

Abstract The nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii is a frequent cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide and is a challenge for treatment due to its evolved resistance to antibiotics, including carbapenems. Here, to gain insight on A. baumannii antibiotic resistance mechanisms, we analyse the protein interaction network of a multidrug-resistant A. baumannii clinical strain (AB5075). Using in vivo chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry, we identify 2,068 non-redundant cross-linked peptide pairs containing 245 intra- and 398 inter-molecular interactions. Outer membrane proteins OmpA and YiaD, and carbapenemase Oxa-23 are hubs of the identified interaction network. Eighteen novel interactors of Oxa-23 are identified. Interactions of Oxa-23 with outer membrane porins OmpA and CarO are verified with co-immunoprecipitation analysis. Furthermore, transposon mutagenesis of oxa-23 or interactors of Oxa-23 demonstrates changes in meropenem or imipenem sensitivity in strain AB5075. These results provide a view of porin-localized antibiotic inactivation and increase understanding of bacterial antibiotic resistance mechanisms.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Profiles, Molecular Mechanisms and Innovative Treatment Strategies of Acinetobacter baumannii

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu ◽  
Irina Gheorghe ◽  
Ilda Barbu Czobor ◽  
Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Industry Environment ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest challenges for the clinical sector and industry, environment and societal development. One of the most important pathogens responsible for severe nosocomial infections is Acinetobacter baumannii, a Gram-negative bacterium from the Moraxellaceae family, due to its various resistance mechanisms, such as the β-lactamases production, efflux pumps, decreased membrane permeability and altered target site of the antibiotic. The enormous adaptive capacity of A. baumannii and the acquisition and transfer of antibiotic resistance determinants contribute to the ineffectiveness of most current therapeutic strategies, including last-line or combined antibiotic therapy. In this review, we will present an update of the antibiotic resistance profiles and underlying mechanisms in A. baumannii and the current progress in developing innovative strategies for combating multidrug-resistant A. baumannii (MDRAB) infections.

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