scholarly journals Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Mediates CoCrMo Particle-Induced Peri-Implant Osteolysis by Increasing Peripheral 5-HT

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiwen Xue ◽  
Ruijie Tao ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Zhongyang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Human Gut

The human gut microbiota has been proven to have great effects on the regulation of bone health. However, the association between gut microbiota and particle-induced osteolysis, which is the primary cause of aseptic loosening, is still unknown. In this study, we used a combination of wide-spectrum antibiotics to eliminate the majority of gut microbiota and found that reduction of gut commensal bacteria significantly alleviated the progression of osteolysis, in which anaerobe was the biggest culprit in the exacerbation of osteolysis. Furthermore, colonization of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), a subspecies of anaerobe, could promote the development of particle-induced osteolysis by increasing the secretion of peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) from the colon. Elevated 5-HT level decreased the phosphorylation of CREB and inhibited the proliferation of osteoblasts. Collectively, these results indicated EPEC colonization suppressed the bone formation and aggravated particle-induced osteolysis in vivo. Thus, clearance of EPEC is expected to become a potential preventive approach to treat debris-induced osteolysis and aseptic loosening.

Chemo-Preventive Potential of Falcarindiol-Enriched Fraction from Oplopanax elatus on Colorectal Cancer Interfered by Human Gut Microbiota

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (06) ◽  
pp. 1381-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Li Shao ◽  
Tai Rao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Wei-Hua Huang
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Antiproliferative Effects ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Oplopanax Elatus ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Ht 29

Oplopanax elatus (Nakai) Nakai is an oriental herb, the polyyne-enriched fraction of which (PEFO) showed anticolorectal cancer (anti-CRC) effects. Other concomitant components, which are inevitably bio-transformed by gut microbiota after oral administration, might be interfere with the pharmacodynamics of polyynes. However, the influence of human gut microbiota on molecules from O. elatus possessing anticancer activity are yet unknown. In this study, the compounds in PEFO and PEFO incubated with human gut microbiota were analyzed and tentatively identified by HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS. Two main polyynes ((3[Formula: see text]8[Formula: see text]-falcarindiol and oplopandiol) were not significantly decomposed, but some new unknown molecules were discovered during incubation. However, the antiproliferative effects of PEFO incubated with human gut microbiota for 72 h (PEFO I) were much lower than that of PEFO on HCT-116, SW-480, and HT-29 cells. Furthermore, PEFO possessed better anti-CRC activity in vivo, and significantly induced apoptosis of the CRC cells, which was associated with activation of caspase-3 according to the Western-blot results ([Formula: see text]). These results suggest anticolorectal cancer activity of polyynes might be antagonized by some bio-converted metabolites after incubation with human gut microbiota. Therefore, it might be better for CRC prevention if the polyynes could be orally administrated as purified compounds.

scholarly journals Localized adherence by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli is an inducible phenotype associated with the expression of new outer membrane proteins.

1991 ◽  
Vol 174 (5) ◽  
pp. 1167-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Vuopio-Varkila ◽  
G K Schoolnik
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli grow as discrete colonies on the mucous membranes of the small intestine. A similar pattern can be demonstrated in vitro; termed localized adherence (LA), it is characterized by the presence of circumscribed clusters of bacteria attached to the surfaces of cultured epithelial cells. The LA phenotype was studied using B171, an O111:NM enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strain, and HEp-2 cell monolayers. LA could be detected 30-60 min after exposure of HEp-2 cells to B171. However, bacteria transferred from infected HEp-2 cells to fresh monolayers exhibited LA within 15 min, indicating that LA is an inducible phenotype. Induction of the LA phenotype was found to be associated with de novo protein synthesis and changes in the outer membrane proteins, including the production of a new 18.5-kD polypeptide. A partial NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of this polypeptide was obtained and showed it to be identical through residue 12 to the recently described bundle-forming pilus subunit of EPEC. Expression of the 18.5-kD polypeptide required the 57-megadalton enteropathogenic E. coli adherence plasmid previously shown to be required for the LA phenotype in vitro and full virulence in vivo. This observation, the correspondence of the 18.5-kD polypeptide to an EPEC-specific pilus protein, and the temporal correlation of its expression with the development of the LA phenotype suggest that it may contribute to the EPEC colonial mode of growth.

scholarly journals In vivo and in vitro metabolism of trans-resveratrol by human gut microbiota

2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M Bode ◽  
Diana Bunzel ◽  
Melanie Huch ◽  
Gyu-Sung Cho ◽  
Denise Ruhland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Vitro Metabolism ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota

Distribution of espI among clinical enterohaemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1145-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanna Mundy ◽  
Claire Jenkins ◽  
Jun Yu ◽  
Henry Smith ◽  
Gad Frankel
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Type Iii Secretion ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Pathogenicity Island ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Effector Protein ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Type Iii Effector ◽  
Type Iii

Enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) and enteropathogenic (EPEC) Escherichia coli are important diarrhoeagenic pathogens; infection is dependent on translocation of a number of type III effector proteins. Until recently all the known effectors were encoded on the LEE pathogenicity island, which also encodes the adhesin intimin and the type III secretion apparatus. Recently, a novel non-LEE effector protein, EspI/NleA, which is required for full virulence in vivo and is encoded on a prophage, was identified. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of espI among clinical EHEC and EPEC isolates. espI was detected in 86 % and 53 % of LEE+ EHEC and EPEC strains, respectively. Moreover, the espI gene was more commonly found in patients suffering from a more severe disease.

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) infection inhibits intestinal vitamin C transporter function and expression: in vitro and in vivo studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Heskett ◽  
Trevor Teafatiller ◽  
Carly Hennessey ◽  
Melanie G. Gareau ◽  
Jonathan S. Marchant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli

scholarly journals The possible influence of LuxS in the in vivo virulence of rabbit enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

2007 ◽  
Vol 125 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengru Zhu ◽  
Shuzhang Feng ◽  
Venessa Sperandio ◽  
Zhuolu Yang ◽  
Timothy E. Thate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli

scholarly journals Arr-cb Is a Rifampin Resistance Determinant Found Active or Cryptic in Clostridiumbolteae Strains

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Christophe Marvaud ◽  
Thierry Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Rifampin Resistance

ABSTRACT Clostridium bolteae, which belongs to the Clostridium clostridioforme complex, is a member of the human gut microbiota. Recent analysis of seven genomes of C. bolteae revealed the presence of an arr-like gene. Among these strains, only 90A7 was found to be resistant to rifampin in the absence of alteration of RpoB. Cloning of arr-cb from 90A7 in Escherichia coli combined with directed mutagenesis demonstrated that Arr-cb was functional but that a Q127→R variant present in 90A9 and 90B3 was inactive. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis indicated that arr-cb was silent in the four remaining strains because of defective transcription. Thus, two independent mechanisms can make the probably intrinsic arr-cb gene of C. bolteae cryptic.

scholarly journals Targeted Delivery of Narrow-Spectrum Protein Antibiotics to the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract in a Murine Model of Escherichia coli Colonization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Carpena ◽  
Kerry Richards ◽  
Teresita D. J. Bello Gonzalez ◽  
Alberto Bravo-Blas ◽  
Nicholas G. Housden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Ph Responsive ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
E Coli

Bacteriocins are narrow-spectrum protein antibiotics that could potentially be used to engineer the human gut microbiota. However, technologies for targeted delivery of proteins to the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract in preclinical animal models are currently lacking. In this work, we have developed methods for the microencapsulation of Escherichia coli targeting bacteriocins, colicin E9 and Ia, in a pH responsive formulation to allow their targeted delivery and controlled release in an in vivo murine model of E. coli colonization. Membrane emulsification was used to produce a water-in-oil emulsion with the water-soluble polymer subsequently cross-linked to produce hydrogel microcapsules. The microcapsule fabrication process allowed control of the size of the drug delivery system and a near 100% yield of the encapsulated therapeutic cargo. pH-triggered release of the encapsulated colicins was achieved using a widely available pH-responsive anionic copolymer in combination with alginate biopolymers. In vivo experiments using a murine E. coli intestinal colonization model demonstrated that oral delivery of the encapsulated colicins resulted in a significant decrease in intestinal colonization and reduction in E. coli shedding in the feces of the animals. Employing controlled release drug delivery systems such as that described here is essential to enable delivery of new protein therapeutics or other biological interventions for testing within small animal models of infection. Such approaches may have considerable value for the future development of strategies to engineer the human gut microbiota, which is central to health and disease.

scholarly journals Positive Synergistic Effects of Quercetin and Rice Bran on Human Gut Microbiota Reduces Enterobacteriaceae Family Abundance and Elevates Propionate in a Bioreactor Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Ghimire ◽  
Supapit Wongkuna ◽  
Ranjini Sankaranarayanan ◽  
Elizabeth P. Ryan ◽  
G. Jayarama Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota

Dietary fiber and flavonoids have substantial influence on the human gut microbiota composition that significantly impact health. Recent studies with dietary supplements such as quercetin and rice bran have shown beneficial impacts on the host alongside a positive influence of the gut microbiota. The specific bacterial species impacted by quercetin or rice bran in the diet is not well understood. In this study, we used a minibioreactor array system as a model to determine the effect of quercetin and rice bran individually, as well as in combination, on gut microbiota without the confounding host factors. We found that rice bran exerts higher shift in gut microbiome composition when compared to quercetin. At the species level, Acidaminococcus intestini was the only significantly enriched taxa when quercetin was supplemented, while 15 species were enriched in rice bran supplementation and 13 were enriched when quercetin and rice bran were supplemented in combination. When comparing the short chain fatty acid production, quercetin supplementation increased isobutyrate production while propionate dominated the quercetin and rice bran combined group. Higher levels of propionate were highly correlated to the lower abundance of the potentially pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae family. These findings suggest that the combination of quercetin and rice bran serve to enrich beneficial bacteria and reduce potential opportunistic pathogens. In vivo studies are necessary to determine how this synergy of quercetin and rice bran on microbiota impact host health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document