scholarly journals Meal-Related Asprosin Serum Levels Are Affected by Insulin Resistance and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Children With Obesity

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Corica ◽  
Giorgia Pepe ◽  
Tommaso Aversa ◽  
Monica Currò ◽  
Selenia Curatola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Circadian Oscillation ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Diabetic Children ◽  
Study Population

Asprosin physiologically increases in fasting conditions and decreases with refeeding and has been implicated in glucose homeostasis. An alteration of meal-related circadian oscillation of asprosin has been suggested in adults affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus.Aims of this study were to test the hypothesis of an alteration in the meal-related variation of asprosin levels in non-diabetic children and adolescents with obesity and to assess which metabolic variables condition this variation in non-diabetic children and adolescents with obesity. This is a cross-sectional study which included 79 children and adolescents with obesity. Children underwent clinical and biochemical assessments, including oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and liver ultrasound evaluation. Asprosin serum levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at a fasting state and at the 120-minute OGTT timepoint (2h-postprandial asprosin). Fasting and 2h-postprandial asprosin serum levels did not significantly differ in the entire study population (374.28 ± 77.23 vs 375.27 ± 81.26;p=0.837). 55.7% of patients had a significant increase in 2h-postprandial asprosin compared with fasting levels. The asprosin level increase condition was significantly associated with HOMA-IR (OR,1.41; 95%CI,1.005-1.977; p=0.047), fasting glycaemia (OR,1.073; 95%CI,1.009-1.141;p=0.024) and HOMA-B (OR,0.99; 95%CI,0.984-0.999; p=0.035). Moreover, the IFG condition was associated with the increase in asprosin levels (OR, 3.040; 95%CI, 1.095-8.436; p=0.033), even after adjustment for HOMA-IR, BMI SDS, sex and pubertal stage. Insulin resistance and IFG influence meal-related changes of asprosin serum levels in our study population of obese, non-diabetic, children. Alteration of asprosin circadian secretion might be an early biomarker of impaired glucose regulation in obese children with insulin resistance.

Biochemical predictors of metabolically unhealthy obesity in children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ah Young Cho ◽  
Jung Gi Roh ◽  
Young Suk Shim ◽  
Hae Sang Lee ◽  
Jin Soon Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity

Abstract Background Children and adolescents with obesity can now be classified according to metabolic profile, as those with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and those with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). We aimed to determine the prevalence of MUO and identify its biochemical predictors in pediatric patients with obesity. Methods We evaluated the medical records of 187 boys and girls with obesity. The children were divided into MHO and MUO groups, and anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was used to identify impaired glucose regulation and hyperinsulinism, and binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of MUO in children with obesity. Results Of the 187 children, MUO was found in 71.7% (n=134) and MHO in 28.3% (n=53); those in the MHO group were younger than those in the MUO group. Blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and uric acid levels were significantly higher in the MUO group than in the MHO group. Further, the MUO group exhibited a significantly higher level of insulin resistance (p<0.05) than the MHO group. Serum levels of uric acid and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were confirmed as biochemical predictors of the MUO phenotype in children with obesity. Conclusions The ratio of MUO in children with obesity was relatively high; further, serum levels of uric acid and HOMA-IR can be used as biochemical predictors of MUO.

Cardioprotective and antihypertensive effects of Enicostemma littorale Blume extract in fructose-fed rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1065-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niraj M. Bhatt ◽  
Meenal Chavda ◽  
Dipali Desai ◽  
Rishit Zalawadia ◽  
Vaibhav B. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Enicostemma Littorale ◽  
High Level

We investigated the protective effects of Enicostemma littorale Blume (EL) extract on hypertension and insulin resistance along with its associated cardiovascular complications in high fructose (HF) fed rats. For this, rats were divided among 4 groups: (i) control, fed laboratory chow; (ii) fed with a high level of fructose; (iii) fed with a high level of fructose plus E. littorale extract; and (iv) fed with a high level of fructose plus rosiglitazone (Rg). EL and Rg treatments were given simultaneously with HF diet. The results show that untreated HF-fed rats showed altered oral glucose tolerance, increased fasting insulin, and increased fasting glucose. These rats also exhibited hypertriglyceridemia, moderate hypertension, platelet hyperaggregability, decreased prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, altered vascular reactivity, and increased serum levels of enzymes (creatine kinase, type muscle–brain (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alanine aminotransferase (SGPT). This is the first demonstration of platelet hyperaggregation and prothrombotic alteration in HF-fed rats. HF-fed rats treated with EL showed improved insulin resistance, along with reduced hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, platelet aggregability, blood coagulation, serum enzymes (CK-MB, SGOT, LDH and SGPT), and vascular reactivity. These effects of EL in HF-induced hypertensive rats might be associated with the suppression of hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia, along with its antiatherogenic and antithrombogenic potential. These data indicate that the aqueous extract of EL has great therapeutic potential for the prevention and (or) management of insulin resistance and the associated hypertension.

Metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents in Serbia: prevalence and risk factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (7-8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade Vukovic ◽  
Dragan Zdravkovic ◽  
Katarina Mitrovic ◽  
Tatjana Milenkovic ◽  
Sladjana Todorovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

AbstractTo assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in obese children and adolescents in Serbia.The study group consisted of 254 subjects (148 female and 106 male), aged 4.6–18.9 years with diet-induced obesity (body mass index ≥95th percentile). Presence of MS using the International Diabetes Federation definition was assessed in all subjects, as well as oral glucose tolerance test and insulin resistance indices.Overall prevalence of MS in all subjects aged ≥10 years was 31.2%, namely, 28.7% in children aged 10 to <16 years and 40.5% in adolescents ≥16 years. When adjusted for age, gender and pubertal development, higher degree of obesity was a strong predictor of MS. Multivariate analysis showed that taller subjects and those with higher degree of insulin resistance were at significantly higher risk of MS, independent of the degree of obesity.High prevalence of MS emphasizes the need for prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.

scholarly journals Correlation between Blood Activin Levels and Clinical Parameters of Type 2 Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wu ◽  
Michael Wu ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Carolyn A. Allan ◽  
David J. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Model Assessment

Aims. Activins A and B, and their binding protein, follistatin, regulate glucose metabolism and inflammation. Consequently, their role in type 2 diabetes (T2D) was examined.Methods. Blood was taken from fasted participants (34 males; 58 females; 50–75 years) with diabetes or during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Clinical parameters were assessed, and blood assayed for activins, follistatin, and C-reactive protein.Results. Serum levels of activin A (93.3 ± 27.0 pg/mL, mean ± SD), B (81.8 ± 30.8 pg/mL), or follistatin (6.52 ± 3.15 ng/mL) were not different (P>0.05) between subjects with normal OGTT (n=39), impaired glucose tolerance and/or fasting glucose (n=17), or T2D (n=36). However, activin A and/or activin B were positively correlated with parameters of insulin resistance and T2D, including fasting glucose (P<0.001), fasting insulin (P=0.02), glycated hemoglobin (P=0.003), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR;P<0.001). Follistatin was positively correlated with HOMA-IR alone (P=0.01).Conclusions. These data indicate that serum measurements of activin A, B, or follistatin cannot discriminate risk for T2D in individual patients, but the activins display a positive relationship with clinical parameters of the disease.

scholarly journals Serum retinol-binding protein 4 levels in polycystic ovary syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-717
Author(s):  
Shilpa Lingaiah ◽  
Laure Morin-Papunen ◽  
Terhi Piltonen ◽  
Inger Sundström-Poromaa ◽  
Elisabet Stener-Victorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein 4

Objective Serum levels of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), an adipokine thought to affect systemic insulin sensitivity, were compared between women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-PCOS controls to evaluate the association of RBP4 with clinical, hormonal and metabolic parameters of PCOS. Subjects and methods Serum RBP4 levels were analysed in 278 women with PCOS (age range 18–57 years) and 191 non-PCOS controls (age 20–53 years) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum levels of RBP4 were increased in women with PCOS compared with control women in the whole population (45.1 ± 24.0 (s.d.) vs 33.5 ± 18.3 mg/L, P < 0.001). Age-stratified analysis showed that serum RBP4 levels were increased in women with PCOS aged ≤30 years compared with controls (47.7 ± 23.5 vs 27.1 ± 10.4 mg/L, P < 0.001), whereas no significant differences were seen in the other age groups. No significant correlations of RBP4 were seen with either steroids or indices of insulin resistance. Conclusions Although serum RBP4 levels were increased in younger women with PCOS compared with age-matched non-PCOS controls, RBP4 does not seem to be a good marker of insulin resistance or other metabolic derangements in women with PCOS.

scholarly journals Evaluation of insulin resistance in children and adolescents with obesity

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V Borodina ◽  
Ye. A. Odud ◽  
A. V. Timofeyev ◽  
L. Yu. Zhuleva ◽  
E. P. Kasatkina
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Glucose Test ◽  
Obesity Indices ◽  
Two Parameters

The purpose of the study was to compare the clinical significance of two parameters of insulin resistance (HOMAR and ISI) in children and adolescents with obesity. Sixty-six children and adolescents aged 11-16 years, including 48 individuals with obesity and 18 healthy individuals, were examined. Anthropometric indices, the time course of changes in the concentrations of insulin and glucose during a three-hour oral glucose test, and the fasting serum concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, high- and low- density lipoproteins, and leptin were determined. The evaluation of the clinical significance of HOMAR and ISI consisted of three stages. A relationship between HOMAR and ISI to the most studied risk factors of insulin resistance (IR), such as obesity and the pattern of fatty tissue distribution, was studied at the first stage. Correlations of HOMAR and ISI with the anthropometric obesity indices and hormonal and metabolic parameters whose impairment is pathognomonic for IR were determined at the second stage. The spread of IR-associated disorders in children and adolescents with normal and abnormal HOMAR and ISI were compared at the third stage. The analysis has indicated that in obese children and adolescents, HOMAR is higher and ISI is lower than those in normally weighing children and adolescents of the same age, the value of ISI being inversely proportional to the excess of fatty tissue. It has been found that ISI is more closely related with the anthropometric and hormonometabolic signs of IR than HOMAR. The findings have led to the conclusion that in children and adolescents with obesity, a decrease in ISI is a more significant indicator of IR than an increase in HOMAR.

scholarly journals The Bone Markers Sclerostin, Osteoprotegerin, and Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase Are Related to Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents, Independent of Their Association with Growth and Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Stanik ◽  
Jürgen Kratzsch ◽  
Kathrin Landgraf ◽  
Mandy Vogel ◽  
Joachim Thiery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Markers ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulin Metabolism ◽  
Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Glucose Ingestion

Background/Aims: Sclerostin, osteoprotegerin, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP), which are primarily related to bone metabolism, have been linked with insulin resistance in adults. We aimed to evaluate the association of these markers with growth, obesity, and parameters of insulin resistance in lean and obese children and adolescents. Methods: We measured sclerostin, osteoprotegerin, and B-ALP in fasting and oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) serum samples from 1,325 children and adolescents, and during 24-h profiles and after exercise and glucose exposure in young adults. Results: In addition to the positive relationship with height standard deviation scores (SDS), sclerostin (r = 0.035, p < 0.001) and B-ALP (r = 0.06, p = 0.028) increased, whereas osteoprotegerin (r = –0.098, p < 0.001) decreased with BMI SDS. Furthermore, B-ALP correlated with fasting- and oGTT-derived markers of glucose and insulin metabolism suggestive of insulin resistance. To evaluate potential confounding diurnal variation of bone markers, we performed 24-h profiles. B-ALP and osteoprotegerin had lower night-time levels. Exercise acutely and transiently increased B-ALP and osteoprotegerin levels, but glucose ingestion had no effect. Conclusions: Besides their association with growth, sclerostin and osteoprotegerin levels are altered in childhood obesity. Particularly B-ALP was related to insulin resistance indices. Our findings accent the link between bone, growth, and insulin resistance.

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