scholarly journals Axitinib Reverses Resistance to Anti-Programmed Cell Death-1 Therapy in a Patient With Renal Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghao Yang ◽  
Hao Huang ◽  
Tiepeng Li ◽  
Quanli Gao ◽  
Yongping Song ◽  
...  

Owing to broad and notable clinical anti-tumor activity, anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/anti-programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies have been indicated for almost all types of cancer, and form a part of the current standard of care. However, a large proportion of patients do not respond to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy (primary resistance), and responders often develop progressive disease (acquired resistance). The mechanisms of resistance are complex and largely unknown; therefore, overcoming resistance remains clinically challenging, and data on reversing anti-PD-1 resistance are scarce. Herein, we report the case of a 58-year-old woman with renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocation/transcription factor E3 gene fusion, who had already showed resistance to both anti-PD-1 monotherapy and standard-dose axitinib. However, she finally achieved a partial response with a continuous combination therapy comprising low-dose axitinib and anti-PD-1. We speculate that axitinib played a key role in reversing the primary resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy. Interestingly, we observed that the number of peripheral regulatory T cells increased after the standard-dose axitinib therapy, with accompanied tumor enlargement; however, after the dose was reduced, the number of regulatory T cells decreased gradually, and the tumor regressed. We also reviewed relevant literature, which supported the fact that low-dose axitinib might be more beneficial than standard-dose axitinib in assisting immunotherapy. Given that this is a single-case report, the immunomodulatory effect of axitinib requires further investigation.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 176-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Maegawa ◽  
Taigo Kato ◽  
Shinichiro Fukuhara ◽  
Hiroshi Kiuchi ◽  
Ryoichi Imamura ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 179 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tahara ◽  
Y. Kondo ◽  
M. Yokosawa ◽  
H. Tsuboi ◽  
S. Takahashi ◽  
...  

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