scholarly journals Injectable Hydrogel as a Unique Platform for Antitumor Therapy Targeting Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yushuai Liu ◽  
Yuanyuan Geng ◽  
Beilei Yue ◽  
Pui-Chi Lo ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Immunotherapy ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Injectable Hydrogels ◽  
Convenient Synthesis ◽  
Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Minimal Invasion

Cancer immunotherapy can boost the immune response of patients to eliminate tumor cells and suppress tumor metastasis and recurrence. However, immunotherapy resistance and the occurrence of severe immune-related adverse effects are clinical challenges that remain to be addressed. The tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in the therapeutic efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Injectable hydrogels have emerged as powerful drug delivery platforms offering good biocompatibility and biodegradability, minimal invasion, convenient synthesis, versatility, high drug-loading capacity, controlled drug release, and low toxicity. In this review, we summarize the application of injectable hydrogels as a unique platform for targeting the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

scholarly journals Highly efficient and tumor-selective nanoparticles for dual-targeted immunogene therapy against cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. eaax5032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Wei Huang ◽  
Fu-Fei Hsu ◽  
Jiantai Timothy Qiu ◽  
Guann-Jen Chern ◽  
Yi-An Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Immunotherapy ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Systemic Toxicity ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Anticancer Efficacy ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Immunogene Therapy ◽  
Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Selective

While immunotherapy holds great promise for combating cancer, the limited efficacy due to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and systemic toxicity hinder the broader application of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we report a combinatorial immunotherapy approach that uses a highly efficient and tumor-selective gene carrier to improve anticancer efficacy and circumvent the systemic toxicity. In this study, we engineered tumor-targeted lipid-dendrimer-calcium-phosphate (TT-LDCP) nanoparticles (NPs) with thymine-functionalized dendrimers that exhibit not only enhanced gene delivery capacity but also immune adjuvant properties by activating the stimulator of interferon genes (STING)–cGAS pathway. TT-LDCP NPs delivered siRNA against immune checkpoint ligand PD-L1 and immunostimulatory IL-2–encoding plasmid DNA to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), increased tumoral infiltration and activation of CD8+ T cells, augmented the efficacy of cancer vaccine immunotherapy, and suppressed HCC progression. Our work presents nanotechnology-enabled dual delivery of siRNA and plasmid DNA that selectively targets and reprograms the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment to improve cancer immunotherapy.

Synthesis of Biocompatible Gelatin-functionalised Graphene Nanosheets For Drug Delivery Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangxin Chen ◽  
Congde Qiao ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Jinshui Yao
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Aqueous Dispersion ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Neutral Conditions

Gelatin-functionalised graphene nanosheets (gelatin-GNS) with good biocompatibility were successfully synthesised using gelatin as a reductant. Factors that affect the reduction of graphene oxide (GO), such as the ratio of gelatin to GO, pH, and temperature, were investigated to establish optimum reaction conditions. We found that GO was efficiently reduced by gelatin at a comparatively low temperature and a stable gelatin-GNS aqueous dispersion was formed. The as-obtained biocompatible gelatin-GNS displayed a high methotrexate (MTX) drug loading capacity and a good ability for controlled drug release. The pH-dependent release behaviour of MTX from MTX@gelatin-GNS showed that the release amount under acid conditions was much higher than that under neutral conditions, indicating a gelatin-mediated sustained release process.

scholarly journals The application of nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy: Targeting tumor microenvironment

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1973-1987
Author(s):  
Muyue Yang ◽  
Jipeng Li ◽  
Ping Gu ◽  
Xianqun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Immunotherapy
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