scholarly journals Biofloc Technology (BFT) in Shrimp Farming: Past and Present Shaping the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício G. C. Emerenciano ◽  
Anselmo Miranda-Baeza ◽  
Marcel Martínez-Porchas ◽  
Moisés A. Poli ◽  
Felipe do Nascimento Vieira
DEPIK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
Supono Supono

Abstract. Biofloc technology in shrimp farming is a new technology that has advantages over other technologies. Biofloc technology can maintain water quality, especially ammonia and pH, suppress Vibrio growth, enhance immunity, and as natural food for shrimp. The application of this technology in shrimp farming still faces several obstacles, so not all farmers apply it. This study aims to evaluate the application of biofloc systems in white shrimp farming and formulate appropriate strategies to increase farmer productivity. The study was conducted using the survey and interview method for the perpetrators of white shrimp cultivation in Lampung Province. Collected data were strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the application of biofloc technology in the cultivation of white shrimp. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively, while the formulation of strategies was conducted using SWOT analysis. The results showed that shrimp culture technology with biofloc technology has good prospects for increasing shrimp production. However, biofloc technology also has weaknesses that can lead to the failure of shrimp farming. The application of white shrimp biofloc technology was in quadrant I (aggressive) where this system has a good internal strength to capture existing external opportunities (SO strategy). Internal strengths include a high survival rate, relatively faster growth, environmentally friendly, able to minimize disease agents that enter the culture system, and lower feed conversion, while the opportunities they have include: shrimp prices are relatively high, there is a revitalization program unproductive ponds by the government, the issue of eco-labeling, and the growing demand for shrimp exports.Keywords: SWOT analysis, water quality, strategy, shrimp production, aggressive  Abstrak. Teknologi biofloc dalam budidaya udang merupakan teknologi baru yang memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan teknologi lainnya.  Teknologi biofloc dapat menjaga kualitas air terutama amoniak dan pH, menekan pertumbuhan Vibrio, meningkatkan imunitas, serta sebagai pakan alami bagi udang.  Penerapan teknologi ini dalam budidaya udang masih mengalami beberapa kendala, sehingga tidak semua petambak menerapkannya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan sistem biofloc  dalam budidaya udang putih dan merumuskan strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan produktivitas petambak. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode surve dan wawancara terhadap pelaku budidaya udang  putih di Provinsi Lampung.  Data yang dikumpulkan berupa kekuatan (strength), kelemahan (weakness), peluang (opportunity) dan ancaman (threat) penerapan teknologi biofloc dalam budidaya udang putih.  Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan perumusan strategi menggunakan   analsis SWOT.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi budidaya udang dengan teknologi biofloc mempunyai prospek yang baik untuk meningkatkan produksi udang.  Namun demikian,  teknologi biofloc juga memiliki kelemahan yang dapat menimbulkan kegagalan budidaya udang. Penerapan teknologi  biofloc udang putih berada pada kuadran I (agresif) dimana sistem ini mempunyai kekuatan internal yang baik untuk menangkap peluang eksternal yang ada (strategi SO).  Kekuatan internal yang dimiliki antara lain: tingkat kelulushidupan tinggi, pertumbuhan relatif lebih cepat, ramah lingkungan, mampu meminimalisir agen penyakit yang masuk dalam sistem budidaya, dan konversi pakan lebih rendah, sementara peluang yang dimiliki antara lain: harga udang relatif tinggi, adanya program revitalisasi tambak yang tidak produktif oleh pemerintah, adanya isu eco labeling, serta permintaan ekspor udang yang terus meningkat.Kata kunci: Analisis SWOT, kualitas air, strategi, produksi udang, agresif


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-27
Author(s):  
Sartika Tangguda ◽  
M. Fadjar ◽  
Ellana Sanoesi

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to know the influence of different shrimp farming technology on water quality (ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate) and survival rate. The method that used in this research was experimental method. Retrieval of data was obtained from three locations of vaname shrimp farming in Tuban, East Java, were in Bancar, Bancar (biofloc technology), Tasikmadu, Palang (semi biofloc technology), and Keradenan, Palang (plankton technology). The main parameters were the value of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate, while the supporting parameters were the water quality (temperature, pH, DO, salinity, and transparency), production, and survival rate. The results showed that average of ammonia value in biofloc, semi biofloc, and plankton ponds were 0,037 – 0,044 ppm; 0,011 – 0,015 ppm; and 0,023 – 0,026 ppm, respectively. The average of nitrite value in biofloc, semi biofloc, and plankton ponds were 0,128 – 0,0135 ppm; 0,075 – 0,112 ppm; dan 0,030 – 0,039 ppm, respectively. The average of nitrate value in biofloc, semi biofloc, and plankton ponds were 1,231 – 1,414 ppm; 0,667 – 0,704 ppm; dan 0,883 – 0,980 ppm, respectively. The water quality in each pond (biofloc, semi biofloc, and plankton) in which temperature (27 – 32oC), pH (6,5 – 8,2), DO (4,65 – 7,35 ppm), salinity (1 – 39 ppt), transparency (20 – 35 cm). The production of vaname shrimp in biofloc pond was 20,78 – 26,28 ton/ha; semi biofloc was 14,83 – 20,29 ton/ha; and plankton was 7,49 – 9,25 ton/ha. The average of survival rate in biofloc, semi biofloc, and plankton ponds were 82,74%; 72,92%; dan 80,62%, respectively. From this research we could summarized that farming technology influenced on water quality (ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate), and the biofloc technology gave the best influence on water quality furthermore would influence survival rate of vaname shrimp. Keywords: vaname shrimp, water quality, survival rate, biofloc


1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).


1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
A. R. Klemola
Keyword(s):  

Second-epoch photographs have now been obtained for nearly 850 of the 1246 fields of the proper motion program with centers at declination -20° and northwards. For the sky at 0° and northward only 130 fields remain to be taken in the next year or two. The 270 southern fields with centers at -5° to -20° remain for the future.


Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
Betty B. Hoskins

Metaphase chromosomes from human and mouse cells in vitro are isolated by micrurgy, fixed, and placed on grids for electron microscopy. Interpretations of electron micrographs by current methods indicate the following structural features.Chromosomal spindle fibrils about 200Å thick form fascicles about 600Å thick, wrapped by dense spiraling fibrils (DSF) less than 100Å thick as they near the kinomere. Such a fascicle joins the future daughter kinomere of each metaphase chromatid with those of adjacent non-homologous chromatids to either side. Thus, four fascicles (SF, 1-4) attach to each metaphase kinomere (K). It is thought that fascicles extend from the kinomere poleward, fray out to let chromosomal fibrils act as traction fibrils against polar fibrils, then regroup to join the adjacent kinomere.


Author(s):  
Nicholas J Severs

In his pioneering demonstration of the potential of freeze-etching in biological systems, Russell Steere assessed the future promise and limitations of the technique with remarkable foresight. Item 2 in his list of inherent difficulties as they then stood stated “The chemical nature of the objects seen in the replica cannot be determined”. This defined a major goal for practitioners of freeze-fracture which, for more than a decade, seemed unattainable. It was not until the introduction of the label-fracture-etch technique in the early 1970s that the mould was broken, and not until the following decade that the full scope of modern freeze-fracture cytochemistry took shape. The culmination of these developments in the 1990s now equips the researcher with a set of effective techniques for routine application in cell and membrane biology.Freeze-fracture cytochemical techniques are all designed to provide information on the chemical nature of structural components revealed by freeze-fracture, but differ in how this is achieved, in precisely what type of information is obtained, and in which types of specimen can be studied.


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