scholarly journals Chinese Medicine Formula Huashibaidu Granule Early Treatment for Mild COVID-19 Patients: An Unblinded, Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhao ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Wenliang Lv ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  

Background: Previous research suggested that Chinese Medicine (CM) Formula Huashibaidu granule might shorten the disease course in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. This research aimed to investigate the early treatment effect of Huashibaidu granule in well-managed patients with mild COVID-19.Methods: An unblinded cluster-randomized clinical trial was conducted at the Dongxihu FangCang hospital. Two cabins were randomly allocated to a CM or control group, with 204 mild COVID-19 participants in each cabin. All participants received conventional treatment over a 7 day period, while the ones in CM group were additionally given Huashibaidu granule 10 g twice daily. Participants were followed up to their clinical endpoint. The primary outcome was worsening symptoms before the clinical endpoint. The secondary outcomes were cure and discharge before the clinical endpoint and alleviation of composite symptoms after the 7 days of treatment.Results: All 408 participants were followed up to their clinical endpoint and included in statistical analysis. Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups (P > 0.05). The number of worsening patients in the CM group was 5 (2.5%), and that in the control group was 16 (7.8%) with a significant difference between groups (P = 0.014). Eight foreseeable mild adverse events occurred without statistical difference between groups (P = 0.151).Conclusion: Seven days of early treatment with Huashibaidu granule reduced the likelihood of worsening symptoms in patients with mild COVID-19. Our study supports Huashibaidu granule as an active option for early treatment of mild COVID-19 in similar well-managed medical environments.Clinical Trial Registration:www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=49408, identifier: ChiCTR2000029763.

Author(s):  
Ali Abbasijahromi ◽  
Hamed Hojati ◽  
Saeid Nikooei ◽  
Hossein Kargar Jahromi ◽  
Hamid Reza Dowlatkhah ◽  
...  

AbstractBackgroundAnxiety is the most common psychological reaction in women during labor. Similar to numerous other surgeries, postoperative pain is also reported following cesarean section (C-section). According to the (Gate) Control Theory, there is a relationship between pain and psychological problems such as anxiety. Accordingly, the present study aimed to compare the effect of aromatherapy using lavender and Damask rose essential oils on the level of anxiety and severity of pain following C-section.MethodsThis triple-group randomized clinical trial was performed on 90 mothers who visited Motahari Hospital of Jahrom, Iran, for C-section in 2017. The incidence and severity of pain and anxiety were measured and recorded for all three groups prior to intervention. The intervention groups underwent aromatherapy with lavender and Damask rose essential oils. Patients were asked to inhale cotton balls, separately stained with three drops of each essential oil at a distance of 10 cm for 30 mins. The severity of pain and anxiety was measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) 5 min after the specified process, respectively. The control group underwent aromatherapy in a similar fashion with normal saline. Finally, data were analyzed using descriptive statistical indices and ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests in SPSS 21.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the three groups in the mean severity of pain and anxiety before the intervention (p>0.05). The mean severity of pain and overt anxiety in the lavender and Damask rose aromatherapy groups was significantly different than the control group after the intervention (p<0.001). In addition, no significant difference was observed between the overt and overall anxiety levels of the two intervention groups after the intervention (p>0.05).ConclusionsThe findings suggested that inhalation aromatherapy can reduce the severity of overt anxiety and pain after C-section, with Damask rose essential oil showing a larger effect than lavender.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Jun Jin ◽  
Qiao Chen ◽  
Zhongmin Li

Abstract BackgroundThe incidence of thyroid nodules increased significantly, but the mortality rate of thyroid cancer remained stable or even decreased. However, surgical treatment of thyroid nodules is more aggressive, including the number and scope of surgery. the purpose of our study was to evaluate whether unilateral thyroid nodules affect the malignancy risk of contralateral thyroid nodules. Methods We conducted a retrospective study on all patients with thyroid nodules in a tertiary hospital within one year. Unilateral and bilateral thyroid nodules were the control group and the experimental group, respectively. Based on the TI-RADS grades, the experimental group and the control group were divided into two subgroups. We used chi-square test or Fisher's exact test to evaluate whether there were statistical differences in the incidence and pathological types of thyroid cancer between the experimental group and the control group. Results Our study showed that there was no significant difference in malignant risk between the experimental group 1 and the control group 1, and the experimental group 2 and the control group 2 (20%vs35%, p=0.724, 63.16%vs76.32%, p=0.297, respectively). Both the a-side thyroid of the experimental group and the control group were papillary thyroid carcinoma, including micropapillary thyroid carcinoma, and there was no difference in the proportion of micropapillary thyroid carcinoma (p = 0.200, 0.620, respectively). Conclusions There is no evidence that bilateral thyroid nodules affect each other in terms of malignant risk, that is, in bilateral thyroid nodules, unilateral thyroid cancer does not change the malignant risk of contralateral thyroid nodules.This study has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2000038611, registration time: 2020-09-26.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Jesús Santamaría-Martín ◽  
Susana Martín Iglesias ◽  
Christine Schwarz ◽  
Milagros Rico-Blázquez ◽  
Julián Alexander Portocarrero-Nuñez ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: The rates of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months in Spain are far from the target recommended by the World Health Organization, which is 50% by 2025. Evidence of the effectiveness of group interventions in late postpartum is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the PROLACT group educational intervention for increasing the proportion of mother-child dyads with exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months compared to the usual practice in primary care.Method: Multicentre cluster randomized clinical trial. A total of 434 mother-child dyads (215 in the control group and 219 in the intervention group) who breastfed exclusively in the first 4 weeks of the infant's life and agreed to participate were included. The main outcome variable was exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months. Secondary variables were the type of breastfeeding, reasons for abandonment, degree of adherence and satisfaction with the intervention. To study the effectiveness, the difference in the proportions of dyads with exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months was calculated, and the relative risk (RR) and number needed to treat (NNT) were calculated with their 95% CIs. To study the factors associated with the maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months, a multilevel logistic regression model was fitted. All analyses were performed according to intention to treat.Results: The percentage of dyads with exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months was 22.4% in the intervention group and 8.8% in the control group. The PROLACT intervention obtained an RR of 2.53 (95% CI 1.54-4.15) and an NNT of 7 (95% CI 5-14). The factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months were the PROLACT intervention, OR 3.51 (95% CI 1.55-7.93); age > 39 years, OR 2.79 (95% CI 1.02-7.6); previous breastfeeding experience, OR 2.61 (95% CI 1.29-5.29); monthly income/person > 833.33 €, OR 2.15 (95% CI: 0.996-4.65); planning to start work before the infant was 6 months old, OR 0.35 (0.19-0.63); and use of a pacifier, OR 0.58 (95% CI 0.30-1.11).Conclusions: The PROLACT group educational intervention in primary care is more effective than the usual practice for maintaining exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months.Trial registration: The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov under code number NCT01869920 (03/06/2013).


2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1112-1116
Author(s):  
A Nishad ◽  
NS Sreesan ◽  
Joseph Joy ◽  
Lakshmi Lakshmanan ◽  
Joyce Thomas ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Aim The study aimed to assess the impact of mouthwashes on antibacterial activity of individuals with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and methods A total of 60 individuals were considered in the study. Sixty (20 each group) nonextraction class I individuals were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Group I: Experimental group [chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash], group II: Experimental group (neem mouthwash), group III: Control group (distilled water). All the clinical examinations were done at baseline and 30th day respectively, after the start of orthodontic treatment. The mean differences between the different experimental groups were calculated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results There was no statistical significance at baseline mean plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) scores, and Streptococcus mutans (SM) colony count between groups. The PI and GI scores among CHX and neem mouthwash groups (p = 0.002, p = 0.032 respectively) were significantly reduced after intervention and also the SM colonies count was reduced in CHX and neem mouthwash groups and there was significant difference between the groups. Conclusion As both mouthwashes showed significant effectiveness on antibacterial activity in individuals with fixed orthodontic appliances, neem mouthwash can be used as an alternative to CHX. Clinical significance It is better to have a sound knowledge regarding the use of mouthwash in long term as fixed orthodontics are associated with accumulation of SM, enamel demineralization, and an increased number of carious lesions, predominantly in sites adjacent to bracket. How to cite this article Nishad A, Sreesan NS, Joy J, Lakshmanan L, Thomas J, Anjali VA. Impact of Mouthwashes on Antibacterial Activity of Subjects with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1112-1116.


2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Maleki Delarestaghi ◽  
Aslan Ahmadi ◽  
Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi ◽  
Maryam Roomiani ◽  
Mohammad Dehghani Firouzabadi ◽  
...  

Objective: Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is one of the most severe multifactorial complications following laryngectomy. The current study aimed at determining the effect of a low-pressure vacuum drain on the incidence of PCF after total laryngectomy. Methods: The current randomized clinical trial was conducted on 35 patients undergoing total laryngectomy in Hazrat Rasoul Akram and Firoozgar hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The subjects were divided into the vacuum drain (n = 15) and control (without vacuum drain) (n = 20) groups. The incidence of PCF and the recovery time were recorded. Results: The rate of PCF formation from the stoma and wound edges was significantly lower in the low-pressure vacuum drain group than in the control group (6.7% vs 40%) ( P < .05). There was no significant difference between the groups in time to recovery from PCF. Conclusion: The low-pressure vacuum drain method is effective in reducing the incidence of PCF after total laryngectomy.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio de Olival Fernandes ◽  
Yvoty Alves dos Santos Sens ◽  
Vivian Bertoni Xavier ◽  
Luiz Antonio Miorin ◽  
Vera Lúcia dos Santos Alves

Purpose. Exercise is recommended for patients undergoing hemodialysis, to reduce the decrease in functional capacity secondary to the progression of chronic kidney disease. A cycle ergometer can be easily added to an exercise routine during hemodialysis sessions. The purpose of this article was to assess the results of a training protocol with the cycle ergometer during hemodialysis sessions on the respiratory function and functional capacity of patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. Method. In this randomized clinical trial (NCT no. 02834026), 39 patients undergoing hemodialysis were randomly allocated into two groups: the treatment group (TG, n = 20), who underwent a cycle ergometer protocol training, and the control group (GC, n = 19), not trained. The TG attended 24 training sessions, three times a week, during the intradialytic period. Training intensity was aimed at keeping the heart rate between 50 and 70% of its maximum. All participants were evaluated before and after the eight consecutive weeks of follow-up and had biochemicals data, anthropometric, functional, and respiratory outcomes evaluated. Results. A significant difference was observed between groups in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second, peak expiratory flow, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure, and Borg score and distance covered in the six-minute walk test. Improvement was also observed in biochemical and Kt/V test results for the TG. Conclusion. The systematic training regimen with a cycle ergometer resulted in benefits in the respiratory function and functional capacity in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Kanikzadeh ◽  
Rahim Tahmasebi ◽  
farideh bahreini ◽  
faezeh jahanpour

Abstract Background: Hospitalized pediatric patients experience pain, fear, and distress during intravenous catheterization. This study investigates the effects of a picture book on reducing distress caused by intravenous (IV) catheterization among school-aged children.Methods: seventy four Pediatric emergency room patients age 6-12 years old requiring Iv Infusion were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial. The intervention, providing a description of the IV catheterization procedure using a picture book, was compared to the same description of the procedure without a picture book (standard of care). Subject distress was measured using the Observation Scale of Behavior Distress Revised (OSBD_R) which assigns a score to eight observable behaviors. Before, during, and after the procedure at 15-second intervals (measured using a timer), a trained observer assigned an OSBD_R score of distress. A total score of 22 is considered maximum distress. The primary endpoint for the study was OBSD_R score difference in Phase 3 (Performing catheterization procedure, attaching and infusion therapy). Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analysis. Results: The mean distress score in third phases for the intervention group (0.667 ± 0.610) was significantly less than that of the control group (3.218 ± 1.799). A significant difference in distress score was observed before and after the intervention (p< 0.001).Conclusions: Children’s distress due to IV catheterization can be reduced with a simple, nonpharmacological picture book intervention. The children’s orientation on the IV catheterization plays a significant role in controlling and reducing their distress during and after the intervention. We suggested using the picture book to reduce the children distress before Intravenous Catheterization.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Shariat Moharari ◽  
Shervin Shahinpour ◽  
Negin Saeedi ◽  
Elaheh Sahraei ◽  
Atabak Najafi ◽  
...  

Background: Remifentanil is an ultra-short-acting opioid which facilitates hemodynamic management. However, there are concerns about postoperative Remifentanil hyperalgesia because of its potent fast onset and offset. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine visual analog scale (VAS), postoperative pain, and morphine used in two groups after spine surgery. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 60 patients aged 18 - 60 years old, according to the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) I - II, who underwent spinal canal stenosis or scoliosis surgery, were divided into two groups. In the control group, patients received 0.07 - 0.1 µg/kg/h intraoperative Fentanyl infusion, and in the intervention group 0.1 - 0.2 µg/kg/min remifentanil was infused during the surgery. Both groups received 15 mg/kg intravenous Acetaminophen 20 minutes before the end of the surgery. Postoperative pain score and morphine consumption were measured 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Results: During the first 12 hours, VAS and morphine consumption were significantly higher in remifentanil group (P < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in morphine consumption 12 - 48 hours after surgery. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Remifentanil infusion during surgery may increase postoperative pain. Also, VAS and morphine consumption were higher during the first 12 hours.


Author(s):  
Masoumeh Bagheri Nesami ◽  
Seyed Afshin Shorofi ◽  
Attieh Nikkhah ◽  
Hossein Roohi Moghaddam ◽  
Ali Mahdavi

  In spite of the improvement of dialysis techniques, hemodialysis patients still experience debilitation. Impaired functioning, well-being, and quality of life are among the factors that are of a great concern in these patients. The current study aimed to examine the effects of lavender essential oil on well-being among hemodialysis patients. This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 hemodialysis patients. For each patient in the experimental group, five cotton balls were prepared using two drops of lavender essence diluted with sweet almond oil. Lavender was used at five concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, administered through pinning the soaked cotton ball on the patients' collar on the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth weeks of the intervention, respectively. The patients were asked to breathe normally for 20 min. On the other hand, the control group received only routine nursing care. The perceived sense of well-being was measured in both groups at the end of each week using a visual analog scale. The mean ages of patients were obtained as 58.9 ± 14.31 and 53.03 ± 15.84 years for the experimental and control groups, respectively. Hypertension was reported to be the most common underlying disease in both groups. The results showed a significant difference in the mean level of well-being in the experimental group in the fourth and fifth weeks of the intervention, compared to that before the intervention. Inhalation aromatherapy with 40% and 50% lavender essence had a positive effect on the perceived sense of well-being in hemodialysis patients. However, lower concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% did not exert a comparable effect.


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