Allelic Variants Within the ABO Blood Group Phenotype Confer Protection Against Critical COVID-19 Hospital Presentation

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease severity differs widely due to numerous factors including ABO gene-derived susceptibility or resistance. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of the ABO blood group and genetic variations of the ABO gene with COVID-19 severity in a heterogeneous hospital population sample from the United Arab Emirates, with the use of an epidemiological and candidate gene approach from a genome-wide association study (GWAS).Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 646 participants who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were recruited from multiple hospitals and population-based (quarantine camps) recruitment sites from March 2020 to February 2021. The participants were divided into two groups based on the severity of COVID-19: noncritical (n = 453) and critical [intensive care unit (ICU) patients] (n = 193), as per the COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) classification. The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated the association of ABO blood type as well as circulating anti-A antibodies and anti-B antibodies as well as A and B antigens, in association with critical COVID-19 hospital presentation. A candidate gene analysis approach was conducted from a GWAS where we examined 240 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (position in chr9: 136125788-136150617) in the ABO gene, in association with critical COVID-19 hospital presentation.Results: Patients with blood group O [odds ratio (OR): 0.51 (0.33, 0.79); p = 0.003] were less likely to develop critical COVID-19 symptoms. Eight alleles have been identified to be associated with a protective effect of blood group O in ABO 3'untranslated region (UTR): rs199969472 (p = 0.0052), rs34266669 (p = 0.0052), rs76700116 (p = 0.0052), rs7849280 (p = 0.0052), rs34039247 (p = 0.0104), rs10901251 (p = 0.0165), rs9411475 (p = 0.0377), and rs13291798 (p = 0.0377).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that there are novel allelic variants that link genetic variants of the ABO gene and ABO blood groups contributing to the reduced risk of critical COVID-19 disease. This study is the first study to combine genetic and serological evidence of the involvement of the ABO blood groups and the ABO gene allelic associations with COVID-19 severity within the Middle Eastern population.

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Relationship between ABO blood group and breast cancer at AL-Nassyria city / Iraq

10.32792/thi/sc/vol.1.is.1.04 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 26-29

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Blood Group ◽

High Frequency ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Type ◽

Abo Blood Group ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Control Samples

The current study included 200 patients with breast cancer that resemble to patient samples were collected from AL-Nassyria hospital also 279 samples as control which was collected from blood bank at ALNassiryia province . The study attempted to correlate ABO blood group with incidence to breast cancer .The results shown that type A of ABO blood group high frequency then followed by type O with in AL-Nassyria region also the results reported that A, B, O and AB blood groups frequencies of patient samples percentage were 60%, 20%, 10% and 10% respectively as well as the ABO blood groups frequencies of control samples percentage were 26%, 28%,38% and 8% respectively. The results observed there is high significant differences between ABO blood group frequencies of cancer patients and ABO blood group frequencies of control samples .The results indicated that the blood type should be considered one of risk factor as well as regarded as preclinical marker.

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ABO blood group and the risk of breast cancer: Multicenter, case-control, observational study.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.1572 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 1572-1572

Author(s):

Yuksel Urun ◽

Tulay Koru-Sengul ◽

Kadri Altundag ◽

Gungor Utkan ◽

Handan Onur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Blood Group ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Type ◽

Abo Blood Group ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Blood Types ◽

Abo Blood Type

1572 Background: The role of genetic factors in the development of cancer is widely accepted. ABO blood type is an inherited characteristic and previous studies have observed an association between ABO blood group and risk of certain malignancies, including pancreatic and gastric cancer. The data on the role of ABO blood group and Rh factor in breast cancer is inconclusive. Methods: All patients who had breast cancer (BC) and treated between 2000-2010 at the Departments of Medical Oncology of both Ankara and Hacettepe Universities (Ankara, Turkey) with defined ABO blood type and Rh factor were included in our retrospective reviews of tumor registry records. A group of volunteer healthy women donors of Turkish Red Crescent between 2004-2011 were identified as a control group, without any matching factors. The relationship of ABO blood types and Rh factor with various prognostic factors such as age at diagnosis, menopausal status, family history of breast cancer, and ER/PR/HER2 status were evaluated from 1740 BC patients. We compared the distributions of ABO blood types, Rh factors among 1740 patients and 204,553 healthy controls. Among BC patients, differences between each of aforementioned ABO blood groups and Rh factors with respect to various prognostic factors were explored, respectively. Results: Overall distributions of ABO blood groups as well as Rh factor were comparable between patients (44% A, 8% AB, 16% B, 32% O, 88% Rh+) and controls (41% A, 8% AB, 16% B, 35% O, 87% Rh+). However, there were statistically significant differences between patients and controls with respect to A vs. nonA (p=0.019) and marginal significance (p=0.051) for O vs. nonO. Among patients, there were statistically significant differences between A and nonA with respect to HER2 (p=0.0421), M stage (p=0.0447), T stage (p=0.0020). Only T stage (p=0.0337) were significantly different between O vs nonO. Grade (p=0.0227) and M stage (p=0.0107) were significantly different between Rh factors. Conclusions: In our study sample, ABO blood type was statistically significantly associated with breast cancer. Additional studies are necessary to determine the mechanisms by which ABO blood type may influence the risk of breast cancer.

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ABO blood group system and occurrence of ischemic stroke

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0219 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rafaella Chiodini LOTZ ◽

Carolina da Silveira WELTER ◽

Silvia Aparecida RAMOS ◽

Leslie Ecker FERREIRA ◽

Norberto Luiz CABRAL ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Blood Group ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Type ◽

Control Group ◽

Abo Blood Group ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Group System

ABSTRACT Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a multifactorial disease that presents high rates of morbimortality in Brazil. Several studies proved that there is a link between the ABO blood group system and the occurrence of thrombotic events. Nonetheless, its association with IS is not well established. Objective: For that reason, the purpose hereof was to investigate the relation between the ABO blood groups and the occurrence of IS in a Brazilian cohort of cerebrovascular diseases. Methods: Five hundred and twenty-nine subjects were included over 12 months, from which 275 presented an IS episode and 254 composed the control group. Blood samples were drawn for direct and reverse serotyping. The control and IS groups were compared regarding the traditional risk factors and the distribution of the ABO blood groups. Results: The IS group presented a higher prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), diabetes mellitus, smoking habits, family history, cardiopathy, and sedentary lifestyle in comparison with the control group. The AB blood type prevailed among the patients (5.1 vs. 1.6%; p<0.05) and this group had more SAH cases in comparison with the O type group (92.9 vs. 67.3%; p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the occurrence of IS is more frequent among patients of the AB blood type.

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ABO Blood Group is Associated with COVID-19 Susceptibility: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine ◽

10.53986/ibjm.2021.0012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 71-84

Author(s):

Richard Chinaza Ikeagwulonu ◽

◽

Chinonyelum Thecla Ezeonu ◽

Mark Uchejeso Obeta ◽

Ngozi Immaculata Ugwu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Type ◽

Abo Blood Group ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Blood Group A ◽

Search Terms ◽

Group A

Introduction: Conflicting evidences exist that ABO blood groups correlate with the susceptibility to COVID-19 and its clinical outcomes. This study aimed to pool available articles that assessed a possible relationship between COVID-19 and ABO blood groups. Materials and methods: A search was conducted in four databases comprising Pubmed/Medline, Google scholar, Journal storage (JSTOR) and African Journals Online (AJOL) for relevant studies available before 25th August 2020 and contained extractable data on ABO blood type distribution and COVID-19 disease. Search terms included a combination of “ABO blood group, and COVID-19, coronavirus, and SARS-COV-2”. Results: Fourteen articles that met study inclusion criteria were selected from a total of five hundred and eighty-five articles identified through database search. The fourteen articles reviewed comprised of a total of 73934 subjects (13189 SARS-COV-2 positive cases and 60745 controls). Overall, the risk of SARS-COV-2 infection was found to be significantly increased in patients with blood group A with ORs: 1.24 (95%Cl: 1.09-1.41, P = 0.001). Additionally, blood group O subjects were seen to have decreased odds of contracting COVID-19 infection (OR: 0.78, 95%Cl: 0.68 – 0.89, P=0.0003). No significant association was found between ABO blood groups and COVID -19 severity and mortality. Conclusions: Blood group A was associated with a higher risk of SARS-COV-2 infection whereas risk of infection was lower in blood group O subjects. No statistical significant association was found between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 severity and mortality. The precise role of ABO blood group in COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and mortality requires further research for clarification.

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Prevalence of ABO blood groups in patients with haematological malignancies: a retrospective study

Hematology & Transfusion International Journal ◽

10.15406/htij.2020.08.00215 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 13-17

Author(s):

Ashwin Mathew ◽

Kirana Pailoor, ◽

Konchady Deepthi ◽

Suresh Shenoy

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

Blood Group ◽

Haematological Malignancy ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Type ◽

Haematological Malignancies ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

College Hospital ◽

And Gender

Background: The pattern and distribution of Haematological malignancies vary depending on age, sex and geographical location. Studies on the association between Haematological cancers and ABO blood types have been largely conflicting. The objective of our study was to determine the distribution of ABO blood groups among patients with Haematological malignancies and to correlate with age and gender. Materials and Methods: This was a chart based observational descriptive study involving the review of records of 85 patients with various Haematological malignancies in Father Muller Medical College Hospital for a period of two years from July 2017- June 2019. Age, gender, malignant condition, ABO and Rh blood group were collected for each case. Data was analyzed statistically by frequency and percentage. Results: The peak age incidence for various Haematological malignancies was in the fifth and sixth decades of life with a mean age of 47.The male to female sex ratio was almost 1:1. Majority of the patients were of the O blood group and an association of O blood group with various hematological malignancies with male preponderance was noted. Altogether, Leukemias were the most common Haematological malignancy observed in this study. Conclusion: The distribution, age and sex ratio of Haematological malignancies in our study was comparable to those reported by other authors with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) being the most common Haematological malignancy in our environment. There was no significant association between Haematological cancers and ABO blood type of the patients, but probably individuals with O Rh positive blood group are more prone to

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Assessing ABO/Rh Blood Group Frequency and Association with Asymptomatic Malaria among Blood Donors Attending Arba Minch Blood Bank, South Ethiopia

Malaria Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2016/8043768 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Getaneh Alemu ◽

Mohammedaman Mama

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Malaria Infection ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Groups ◽

High Rate ◽

Abo Blood Group ◽

Asymptomatic Malaria ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Group Frequency ◽

Rh Blood Group

Background. Determination of the various ABO/Rh blood group distributions and their association with malaria infection has paramount importance in the context of transfusion medicine and malaria control. Methods. Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June, 2015, to assess ABO/Rh blood groups distribution and their association with asymptomatic malaria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Blood grouping was done using monoclonal antibodies. Thin and thick blood films were examined for Plasmodium parasites. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results. A total of 416 blood donors participated with median age of 22±0.29 (median ± standard error of the mean). Distribution of ABO phenotypes, in decreasing order, was O (175, 42.1%), A (136, 32.7%), B (87, 20.9%), and AB (18, 4.3%). Most of them were Rh+ (386, 92.8%). The overall malaria prevalence was 4.1% (17/416). ABO blood group is significantly associated with malaria infection (P=0.022). High rate of parasitemia was seen in blood group O donors (6.899, P=0.003) compared to those with other ABO blood groups. Conclusion. Blood groups O and AB phenotypes are the most and the least ABO blood groups, respectively. There is significant association between ABO blood group and asymptomatic malaria parasitemia.

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Longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 Seroconversion Course and Antibody Levels by Blood Groups in Convalescent Plasma Donors in Turkey

Medeniyet Medical Journal ◽

10.5222/mmj.2021.00921 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aziz Karaca ◽

Mustafa Nuri Günçıkan ◽

Nazlı Nadire Sözmen ◽

Gizem Gökçe Karadağ ◽

Mustafa Yılmaz

Keyword(s):

Antibody Response ◽

Blood Group ◽

Antibody Level ◽

Time Course ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Group Method ◽

Abo Blood Group ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Rh Blood Group

Objective: The present study investigates the seroconversion time course of the IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 and ascertains whether its levels change according to the patient’s ABO blood group. Method: A total of 36,003-convalescent plasma (CP) donations of 12,315 Turkish Red Crescent CP donors were analyzed. The ABO blood group of the CP donors was determined by Gel Centrifugation; and IgG was measured using the Euroimmun anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA. The differences in the distributions of mean IgG ratios among the different ABO blood groups were analyzed with One-Way ANOVA and Independent Samples T-test. Results: Among the CP donors, 98.4% were male. An antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 was noted-although in a few CP donors- on the 244th day, and a significant association between the ABO blood groups and the mean IgG ratios was noted (p: 0.001). The highest (mean±SD) antibody level was observed in the AB blood group (39.5±15.7), followed by the B (37.9±11.5) and the A blood groups (36.6±10.7), while the lowest value was recorded in the O blood group (34.4±11.5). Significant differences between all paired groups were noted in pairwise comparisons. The Rh (-) blood group (37.4±13.6) had a significantly higher antibody level than the Rh (+) blood group (36.3±11.2) (p: 0.005). Conclusion: An antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 was noted in a CP donor on the 244th day. The average IgG ratios were higher in the CP donors with the AB blood group, but lower in the O blood group. These results may be considered a valuable indication of the effectiveness of CP therapy used for the treatment of COVID-19 patients with clinically relevant blood types.

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Human ABO Blood Groups and Their Associations with Different Diseases

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/6629060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Silamlak Birhanu Abegaz

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Blood Group ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Type ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

E Coli ◽

Salmonella Infections ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Abo Blood Type

Introduction. Human ABO blood type antigens exhibit alternative phenotypes and genetically derived glycoconjugate structures that are located on the red cell surface which play an active role in the cells’ physiology and pathology. Associations between the blood type and disease have been studied since the early 1900s when researchers determined that antibodies and antigens are inherited. However, due to lack of antigens of some blood groups, there have been some contentious issues with the association between the ABO blood group and vulnerability to certain infectious and noninfectious diseases. Objective. To review different literatures that show the association between ABO blood groups and different diseases. Method. Original, adequate, and recent articles on the same field were researched, and the researcher conducted a comprehensive review on this topic. Thus, taking out critical discussions, not only a descriptive summary of the topic but also contradictory ideas were fully retrieved and presented in a clear impression. In addition, some relevant scientific papers published in previous years were included. The article search was performed by matching the terms blood types/groups with a group of terms related to different diseases. The articles were screened and selected based on the title and abstract presented. Results. The susceptibility to various diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, infections and hematologic disorders, cognitive disorders, circulatory diseases, metabolic diseases, and malaria, has been linked with ABO blood groups. Moreover, blood group AB individuals were found to be susceptible to an increased risk of cognitive impairment which was independent of geographic region, age, race, and gender. Disorders such as hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes were also more prevalent in individuals with cognitive impairment. Early etiological studies indicated that blood type O has a connection with increased incidence of cholera, plague, tuberculosis infections, and mumps, whereas blood type A is linked with increased incidence of smallpox and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection; blood type B is also associated with increased incidence of gonorrhea, tuberculosis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, E. coli, and salmonella infections; and blood type AB is associated with increased incidence of smallpox and E. coli and salmonella infections. Diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, and family history for ischemic heart disease are the most common risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and can be genetically transmitted to offspring. Higher incidence of cancers in the stomach, ovaries, salivary glands, cervix, uterus, and colon/rectum was common in blood type A people than in O type people. The link between the ABO blood type and thromboembolic diseases and bleeding risk are intervened by the glycosyltransferase activity and plasma levels and biologic activity of vWF (Von Willebrand factor), a carrier protein for coagulation factor VIII which is low in O type. Conclusion. Several studies related to the ABO phenotype show that genetically determined human ABO blood groups were correspondingly linked with an increased risk of various infectious and noninfectious diseases. However, further investigations are needed particularly on the molecular level of ABO blood groups and their association with various diseases.

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ABO Blood Groups and the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Among Saudi Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Riyadh

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2019-128050 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 4926-4926

Author(s):

Ghaydaa Juma Kullab ◽

Abdul Rehman Z. Zaidi ◽

Sultan Albaqmi ◽

Haya Alajlan ◽

Mohammed Abdullah Alsheef

Keyword(s):

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Blood Group ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Type ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Blood Types ◽

Obesity Status

Background: ABO blood types are scientifically proved to be associated with the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but data is lacking in the Saudi population. Aims: We aimed to investigate the association between ABO blood types and VTE, to explore potential interactions between ABO blood type with sex and obesity status. Methods: This was a retrospective study with a total of 998 patients, who were admitted with venous thromboembolism at our tertiary care hospital, between January 2010 and January 2018. Demographic and clinical data were collected. We used chi-square tests to assess the association between ABO blood group and the development of VTE. It was decided that the test will be considered significant if the p-value is <0.05. Results: Out of 998 VTE patients, 506 of patients were excluded, because their ABO blood group was not tested. Therefore, 492 patients were qualified as study subjects, of whom 66% of patients had DVT, 23% of patients had pulmonary embolism. Most of them had provoked VTE. Female patients constituted the majority of the study subjects (82.5%). Sample distribution appeared that O blood group was present in 34.1% of all VTE patients, while non-O-blood groups were present in 66% of them. Overall, there was a non-significant difference between VTE in patients with non-O blood type compared to O blood type (p=0.268). Conclusions: Non-O-blood groups (A, B, AB) are the most common blood types in Saudi patients with VTE. There is no statistically significant association between ABO blood groups, gender, and obesity status. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Acute Myocardial Infarction and its association with ABO blood group in Pakistani population

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College ◽

10.37939/jrmc.v24i2.1402 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 103-107

Author(s):

Imran Iftikhar ◽

Hamid Sharif Khan ◽

Adeel Ur Rehman

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Informed Consent ◽

Blood Group ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Abo Blood Group ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Pathology Laboratory ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pakistani Population

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of ABO blood groups among patients with acute myocardial infarction in the Pakistani population STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY : Department of Interventional Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, from May 2015 to November 2015. METHODOLOGY: A total of 250 subjects with acute myocardial infarction were included in the study. The study was explained to the patients and informed consent taken. All patients underwent 12 lead electrocardiography using Mortara instrument ELI 250 and were analyzed by a single trained reader unaware of the patients’ blood group. Cardiac troponin levels were assessed at least three hours after the onset of symptoms. The ABO blood group was assessed by using the standard slide agglutination method in the hospital pathology laboratory and verified by the principal investigator. The data was collected on a pre-tested questionnaire by the investigator after taking informed consent from the patient. RESULTS: In our study, the mean age of patients was 57.3 years. 36.4% were between 18-50 years of age while 63.6%were between 51-80 years of age. 79.2% were male and 20.8% were females. Frequency of ABO blood groups among patients with acute myocardial infarction in our study population was recorded as 28.8% with O +ve , 26% with B+ve, 18.4% with A+ve, 13.2% with AB +ve, 5.6% with A-ve, 4.4% with B-ve, 3.2% with O-ve and 0.4% with AB -ve CONCLUSION: We concluded that the frequency of acute myocardial infarction in our population is higher among patients having blood group O+ve followed by B+ve blood group.

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