Efficacy and Safety of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation for Acute Pancreatitis: A Randomised, Controlled Study

Aims: We investigated whether faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) decreases intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and improves gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction and infectious complications in acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods: In this first randomised, single-blind, parallel-group, controlled study, we recruited and enrolled consecutive patients with AP complicated with GI dysfunction. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive faecal transplant (n = 30) or normal saline (n = 30) via a nasoduodenal tube once and then again 2 days later. The primary endpoint was the rate of IAP decline; secondary endpoints were GI function, infectious complications, organ failure, hospital stay and mortality. Analyses were based on intention to treat.Results: We enrolled 60 participants and randomly assigned them to the FMT (n = 30) or control (n = 30) group. Baseline characteristics and disease severity were similar for both groups. IAP decreased significantly 1 week after intervention in both groups, with no difference in the IAP decline rate between FMT and Control group [0.1 (−0.6, 0.5) vs. 0.2 (−0.2, 0.6); P = 0.27]. Normal gastrointestinal failure (GIF) scores were achieved in 12 (40%) patients in the FMT group and 14 (47%) in the control group, with no significant difference (P = 0.60). However, D-lactate was significantly elevated in the FMT group compared to the control group, as calculated by the rate of decline [−0.3 (−3.7, 0.8) vs. 0.4 (−1.1, 0.9); P = 0.01]. Infectious complications occurred in 15 (50%) and 16 (53.33%) patients in the FMT and control groups, respectively (P = 0.80). However, interleukin-6 (IL-6) was significantly elevated in the FMT group compared to the control group, as calculated by the rate of decline [0.4 (−3.6, 0.9) vs. 0.8 (−1.7, 1.0); P = 0.03]. One participant experienced transient nausea immediately after FMT, but no serious adverse events were attributed to FMT.Conclusion: FMT had no obvious effect on IAP and infectious complications in AP patients, though GI barrier indictors might be adversely affected. Further multi-centre studies are needed to confirm our findings. The study was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02318134).

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Faecal microbiota transplantation alters gut microbiota in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: results from a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled study

Gut ◽

10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316434 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (12) ◽

pp. 2107-2115 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Sofie Ingdam Halkjær ◽

Alice Højer Christensen ◽

Bobby Zhao Sheng Lo ◽

Patrick Denis Browne ◽

Stig Günther ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Symptom Relief ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Faecal Microbiota ◽

Double Blind ◽

Double Blind Placebo ◽

Faecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽

Faecal Samples ◽

Significant Difference

ObjectiveIBS is associated with an intestinal dysbiosis and faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been hypothesised to have a positive effect in patients with IBS. We performed a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial to investigate if FMT resulted in an altered gut microbiota and improvement in clinical outcome in patients with IBS.DesignWe performed this study in 52 adult patients with moderate-to-severe IBS. At the screening visit, clinical history and symptoms were assessed and faecal samples were collected. Patients were randomised to FMT or placebo capsules for 12 days and followed for 6 months. Study visits were performed at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months, where patients were asked to register their symptoms using the IBS-severity scoring system (IBS-SSS) and IBS-specific quality of life (IBS-QoL). Prior to each visit, faecal samples were collected.ResultsA significant difference in improvement in IBS-SSS score was observed 3 months after treatment (p=0.012) favouring placebo. This was similar for IBS-QoL data after 3 months (p=0.003) favouring placebo. Patients receiving FMT capsules had an increase in faecal microbial biodiversity while placebos did not.ConclusionIn this randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled study, we found that FMT changed gut microbiota in patients with IBS. But patients in the placebo group experienced greater symptom relief compared with the FMT group after 3 months. Altering the gut microbiota is not enough to obtain clinical improvement in IBS. However, different study designs and larger studies are required to examine the role of FMT in IBS.Trial registration numberNCT02788071.

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The Effect of Wrist Kinesiotaping on Hand Motor Exercise in Fine Motor Skill for Children with Cerebral Palsy

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation ◽

10.36803/ijpmr.v10i1.278 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Erna Setiawati

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Motor Skill ◽

Current Method ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Control Group ◽

Fine Motor Skill ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Kinesiotaping (KT) is one of current method that being used for hands problems in cerebral palsy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of kinesiotaping at wrist combined with hand motor exercise in fine motor skill for children with cerebral palsy.Methods: The design was simple randomized controlled study pre and post intervention. There were 18 children who divided into kinesiotaping and control group. Subjects in the KT group received hand motor exercise and wrist kinesiotaping. Subjects in control group received only hand motor exercise.Both groups received the exercise for 4 weeks. There were difference in the MACS score which is used to measure fine motor skills in this study. Pre and posttest scores were collected before applying kinesiotaping and after 4 weeks of intervention.Results: Both groups showed an increase in MACS score after 4 weeks intervention. For MACS score, there was statistically significant difference in KT group (p = 0.025), but not statistically significant in control group (p = 0.083).Conclusion: Wrist kinesiotaping can be used for adjunct therapy combined with conventional hand motor exercise for improving manual ability in the hand and fin e motor skill in cerebral palsy.Keywords: Cerebral palsy, fine motor skill, wrist kinesiotaping.

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Insall–Salvati index is associated with anterior cruciate ligament tears in men: A Case-controlled study

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery ◽

10.1177/23094990211069692 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 230949902110696

Author(s):

Necip GÜVEN ◽

Sezai ÖZKAN ◽

Tulin TURKOZU ◽

Adem YOKUS ◽

Cihan ADANAS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Anterior Tibial Translation ◽

Study Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Anterior Cruciate ◽

And Control ◽

Tibial Translation

Purpose Many factors in the etiology of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, predisposing factors related to knee morphology have also been reported. This study aimed to determine whether the Insall–Salvati (IS) index, which measures patella height, is a predisposing risk factor for ACL tears. Methods The IS index, patellar length (PL), and patellar tendon length (PTL) values of patients (study group) that underwent arthroscopic reconstruction for ACL tears obtained by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were compared with the index values in the preoperative MRIs of patients that underwent knee arthroscopy for reasons besides ACL tears. In addition, the anterior tibial translation (ATT) of both groups was also measured and compared on MRI images. The MRI findings of the subjects included in both study groups were arthroscopically confirmed. Results The mean ages of the study group (n = 120) and control group (n = 90) were 29.1 ± 8.2 years and 31.8 ± 9.8 years, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the study and control groups in terms of the PL and PTL values ( p = 0.016 and p = 0.001, respectively). The IS index was statistically significantly higher in the study group with ACL tears ( p = 0.009). The ATT was 8.61 ± 4.68 mm in the study group and 3.80 ± 1.92 mm in the control group. The ATT results of both groups were evaluated, and it was found that the study group was significantly higher than the control group ( p = 0.001) Conclusions As a result of our current study, we observed higher IS index values in patients with ACL tears than in patients without ACL tears. It should be kept in mind that patella alta, which is associated with a high IS index as one of the factors of knee morphology associated with ACL tears, may play a role in the etiology of ACL tears.

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Contrast Sensitivity of Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy Patients without Obvious Optic Neuropathy

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/943789 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ümit Beden ◽

Sümeyra Kaya ◽

Volkan Yeter ◽

Dilek Erkan

Keyword(s):

Contrast Sensitivity ◽

Optic Neuropathy ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Clinical Activity ◽

Sensitivity Functions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control

Purpose. To compare the contrast sensitivity levels of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients without obvious optic neuropathy with those of healthy people.Methods. Forty eyes of 20 TAO patients without dysthyroid optic neuropathy and 40 eyes of 20 healthy subjects were evaluated in this prospective case-controlled study. The contrast sensitivity functions (CSFs) of all subjects were measured by the functional acuity contrast test (FACT) in five frequencies which were 1,5 cpd (A), 3 cpd (B), 6 cpd (C), 12 cpd (D), and 18 cpd (E). Results were compared for both groups, and a correlation of CSF with Hertel and clinical activity scores was assessed.Results. There was no statistically significant difference between TAO patients and control groups for age and sex. TAO patients had lower levels than the control group in all the frequencies of CSFs (P<0.05) and the difference in contrast sensitivity functions between the groups seems to be more significant in higher frequencies (B, C, D, and E) (P<0.001).Conclusions. TAO patients without DON can have contrast sensitivity loss and this would probably imply subtle optic nerve dysfunction in early disease phase.

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Yoga Intervention as a Potential Countermeasure for Polar T3 Syndrome

Defence Life Science Journal ◽

10.14429/dlsj.4.14275 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 163-169

Author(s):

Mohit Nirwan ◽

K J Jyothish ◽

Kaushik Halder ◽

Sutanu Chakraborty ◽

M Saha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Yoga Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Common Ailment ◽

Total Triiodothyronine ◽

Total Thyroxine ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

And Control

Polar T3 syndrome is a common ailment for polar sojourners. It is characterised by abnormal fluctuations of thyroid hormones during extended polar winter. A randomised controlled study was conducted on 14 winter expedition members of Indian Scientific Expedition (2016) to Antarctica by introducing customised yoga module. Blood samples were collected during January to October, 2016 at different intervals for the estimation of total thyroxine (TT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), thyroid stimulating hormone and noradrenaline (NA) by ELISA. In October yoga group showed significant (p = 0.04) higher TT3 values (2.1 ng/ml ± 0.9; mean ± SD) as compared to the control (0.7 ng/ml ± 0.6). In October a significant difference (p=0.0085) was observed between yoga and control group for NA values (47.0 pg/ml ± 22.0 and 107 pg/ml ± 46.0). Thyroid response of control group at the end of the study revealed presence of polar T3 syndrome in control group. Results indicate that regular yoga practice helped mitigating polar T3 syndrome

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Evaluation of enhanced external counterpulsation therapy for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

10.21203/rs.2.21878/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lixia Lin ◽

Wenhui Zhu ◽

Nan Ma ◽

Xiaofeng Lin ◽

Hui Yang

Keyword(s):

Optic Neuropathy ◽

Visual Function ◽

Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Ischemic Optic Neuropathy ◽

External Counterpulsation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Enhanced External Counterpulsation

Abstract Background To explore the effects of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) and its underlying influencing factors in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) patients. Methods Patients at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center with recent-onset (<8 weeks) NAION were retrospectively recruited. The patients had decided whether or not they would undergo EECP treatment, and the patients who declined were included in the control group. The effectiveness of EECP was evaluated by comparing the visual function and fellow eye involvement in patients with and without EECP treatment. Results In total, 61 patients (76 eyes) were included. Twenty-nine patients (37 eyes) underwent EECP treatment, while 32 patients (39 eyes) were included in the control group. Mean time from NAION onset to EECP initiation was 27.59±16.70 days. In the EECP group, the mean EECP duration was 31.57±18.45 days. EECP was well tolerated by all patients. However, there was no significant difference in visual function between the EECP and control groups, regardless of time to treatment initiation. Furthermore, there was no evidence of the effectiveness of EECP in the subgroup analysis of patients with different systemic health conditions. Among the 42 patients with monocular NAION, the sequential attack rate was comparable between the EECP (27.78%) and control (25.00%) groups. Conclusion This study is the first nonrandomized controlled study to evaluate the effectiveness of EECP in NAION patients. Unfortunately, we failed to demonstrate the effectiveness of EECP in NAION at the 6-month follow-up. Any further application of EECP in NAION patients should be cautious.

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Isolated oligohydramnios: effects on obstetric and perinatal outcome

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180185 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 635

Author(s):

Ashwini Vishalakshi L. ◽

Reddi Rani P.

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Perinatal Outcome ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Nicu Admission ◽

And Control

Background: Outcome of oligohydramnios has been studied at a large. Varying results have been projected in each study. This study has been done to establish the obstetric and perinatal outcome in pregnancy associated with oligohydramnios as compared to women with normal liquor.Methods: This was a prospective case controlled study done which included 100 women with oligohydramnios who were compared with 100 women with normal liquor. Maternal and perinatal outcome was compared between the two groups.Results: There was a significant difference in the obstetric and perinatal outcomes among the study and control groups. Significant variation was seen in the obstetric outcome with regards to the incidence of induction of labor and mode of delivery (by caesarean section). Both were increased among the study group as compared to the control group. CTG changes, meconium stained liquor, neonatal admissions and observations were more among the study group as compared to control group.Conclusions: Athough there is an increased rate of caesarean section, NICU admission and observation, thick meconium stained liquor and NST changes there is no significant increase in the perinatal morbidity and mortality.

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Prophylaxis of macular edema after cataract surgery in diabetic patients, topical Nepafenac versus intravitreal Ranibizumab

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/11206721211001275 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112067212110012

Author(s):

Ahmed Howaidy ◽

Zeiad H Eldaly ◽

Mohamed Anis ◽

Tageldin M Othman

Keyword(s):

Cataract Surgery ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Study Groups ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Purpose: To compare effect of topical Nepafenac versus intravitreal Ranibizumab on macular thickness after cataract surgery in diabetic patients with no preoperative macular edema. Patients and methods: A prospective randomized controlled study recruited diabetic patients with visually significant cataract and no diabetic macular edema (DME). Patient underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification with IOL implantation and were randomly assigned to receive post-operative topical Nepafenac, intra-operative intravitreal Ranibizumab, or no prophylactic treatment. Changes in subfoveal and perifoveal macular thickness were assessed by SD-OCT. Results: The mean central macular thickness showed a significant increase in all study groups 1 week and 1 month postoperative when compared to baseline. At 3 months postoperative, there was a significant difference between Nepafenac and Control group ( p = 0.017), Ranibizumab and Control groups ( p = 0.009) with no significant difference between Nepafenac and Ranibizumab group ( p = 0.545) regarding CMT. Comparable results could be detected as regarding peri-foveal macular thickness changes. Concerning BCVA, there was a significant difference between topical Nepafenac/control ( p = 0.001) and intravitreal Ranibizumab/control ( p = 0.004) at 1-week visit. No significant difference in BCVA was observed between Nepafenac and Ranibizumab group throughout the whole study period. In postoperative visits, cystoid macular edema occurred in three patients (7.9%) in Nepafenac group, one patient (2.7%) in Ranibizumab group, and seven patients (17.07%) in control group. Conclusion: Both postoperative topical Nepafenac and intra-operative intra-vitreal Ranibizumab are effective adjunctive to phacoemulsification in diabetic patients for prophylaxis of macular edema.

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Efficacy of Tamsulosin in Relieving Double-J Stentrelated Symptoms: a Randomized Controlled Study

Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jssn.v19i2.24541 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 3-6

Author(s):

Deepak K Thakur ◽

Suman Chapagain ◽

Bhojraj Luitel ◽

Pawan Raj Chalise ◽

Uttam Kumar Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Stent Placement ◽

Ureteral Stent ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Stent Removal ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dj Stent ◽

And Control

Introduction: Ureteral stent placement is an increasingly common procedure in urological practice. They are used for both prevention and treatment of ureteral obstruction. Despite improved design and materials, many patients still develop stent-related symptoms which commonly affect quality of life and sometimes necessitate early removal. Tamsulosin improves stent-related symptoms and quality of life. But such study has not been conducted in Nepalese context. In the present study, the effect of Tamsulosin in improving double-J stent-related symptoms and quality of life following ureteral stent placement was studied. Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Urology and Kidney Transplant Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from February 2015 to January 2016. Forty six patients were included in the study and randomized into Tamsulosin (T) group and Control (C) group each having 23 patients. In addition to standard postoperative care, Tamsulosin group received 0.4 mg Tamsulosin daily for 2 weeks and Paracetamol on demand and control group received only Paracetamol (1gram/dose). Stent related symptoms and quality of life was assessed by International prostate symptom score (IPSS) at discharge (day2) and at the time of DJ stent removal (2 weeks). Pain was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) and analgesic requirement was documented. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20, chisquare test and Student’s t- test was used. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean age in Tamsulosin group was 37.96±12.98 years and Control group 36.43± 10.99 years (p=0.67).There was no significant difference in IPSS (p=0.141), QoL index (p=0.089) and VAS (p=0.59) in the two groups at the time of discharge. At the time of DJ stent removal, IPSS (p<0.001), QoL index(p<0.001), VAS(p=0.004) and analgesic needed(p<0.001) was significantly lower in T group than in C group. Conclusion: Tamsulosin lowers stent related symptoms, pain and improves quality of life in patients with indwelling DJ stent though the effect is not immediate.

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