scholarly journals Oral Administration of Latilactobacillus sakei ADM14 Improves Lipid Metabolism and Fecal Microbiota Profile Associated With Metabolic Dysfunction in a High-Fat Diet Mouse Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Min Won ◽  
Min Ju Seo ◽  
Min Ju Kwon ◽  
Kye Won Park ◽  
Jung-Hoon Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Mass

Effects of Latilactobacillus sakei ADM14 on changes in lipid metabolism and fecal microbiota composition were studied in high-fat diet (HFD) mouse model. The mice were divided into three groups: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HD), and HFD plus L. sakei ADM14 (HDA). Oral administration of L. sakei ADM14 daily for 10weeks decreased body weight gain, fat tissue mass, and liver weight in mice and reduced the size of histologically stained liver adipocytes. In addition, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood glucose decreased significantly. Latilactobacillus sakei ADM14 regulated the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in epididymal adipose tissue and liver and induced changes in the composition of fecal microbiota, thereby improving energy harvests and changing metabolic disorder-related taxa. A significant decrease (p<0.05) in the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio was found in the HDA group compared to the HD group, particularly due to the difference in the relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes between the two groups over 10weeks. Differences in proportions of some taxa reported to have correlation with obesity were also found between HD and HDA groups. These results suggest that L. sakei ADM14 can have a positive effect on metabolic disorders such as obesity and fatty liver through effective regulation of host lipid metabolism and gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Proto-oncoprotein Zbtb7c and SIRT1 repression: implications in high-fat diet-induced and age-dependent obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Il Choi ◽  
Jae-Hyun Yoon ◽  
Seo-Hyun Choi ◽  
Bu-Nam Jeon ◽  
Hail Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Adipose Tissue Mass ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

AbstractZbtb7c is a proto-oncoprotein that controls the cell cycle and glucose, glutamate, and lipid metabolism. Zbtb7c expression is increased in the liver and white adipose tissues of aging or high-fat diet-fed mice. Knockout or knockdown of Zbtb7c gene expression inhibits the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and decreases adipose tissue mass in aging mice. We found that Zbtb7c was a potent transcriptional repressor of SIRT1 and that SIRT1 was derepressed in various tissues of Zbtb7c-KO mice. Mechanistically, Zbtb7c interacted with p53 and bound to the proximal promoter p53RE1 and p53RE2 to repress the SIRT1 gene, in which p53RE2 was particularly critical. Zbtb7c induced p53 to interact with the corepressor mSin3A-HADC1 complex at p53RE. By repressing the SIRT1 gene, Zbtb7c increased the acetylation of Pgc-1α and Pparγ, which resulted in repression or activation of Pgc-1α or Pparγ target genes involved in lipid metabolism. Our study provides a molecular target that can overexpress SIRT1 protein in the liver, pancreas, and adipose tissues, which can be beneficial in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, longevity, etc.

scholarly journals Olive Leaf Extract Attenuates Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Modulating the Expression of Molecules Involved in Adipogenesis and Thermogenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Shen ◽  
Su Jin Song ◽  
Narae Keum ◽  
Taesun Park
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Olive Leaf Extract

The present study aimed to investigate whether olive leaf extract (OLE) prevents high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Mice were randomly divided into groups that received a chow diet (CD), HFD, or 0.15% OLE-supplemented diet (OLD) for 8 weeks. OLD-fed mice showed significantly reduced body weight gain, visceral fat-pad weights, and plasma lipid levels as compared with HFD-fed mice. OLE significantly reversed the HFD-induced upregulation of WNT10b- and galanin-mediated signaling molecules and key adipogenic genes (PPARγ, C/EBPα, CD36, FAS, and leptin) in the epididymal adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, the HFD-induced downregulation of thermogenic genes involved in uncoupled respiration (SIRT1, PGC1α, and UCP1) and mitochondrial biogenesis (TFAM, NRF-1, and COX2) was also significantly reversed by OLE. These results suggest that OLE exerts beneficial effects against obesity by regulating the expression of genes involved in adipogenesis and thermogenesis in the visceral adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice.

scholarly journals The Role of Berberine in the Prevention of HIF-1α Activation to Alleviate Adipose Tissue Fibrosis in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilin Hu ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Jinlong Luo ◽  
Jing Gong ◽  
Ke Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Fibrosis

Berberine (BBR) is the main active ingredient of a traditional Chinese herb Coptis chinensis. It has been reported to exhibit beneficial effects in treating diabetes and obesity. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Adipose tissue fibrosis is a hallmark of obesity-associated adipose tissue dysfunction. HIF-1α plays a key role in adipose tissue fibrosis, which closely linked to metabolic dysfunction in obese state. We hypothesized that BBR may alleviate obesity-induced adipose tissue fibrosis and associated metabolic dysfunction through inhibition of HIF-1α. To test this hypothesis, we treated high fat diet (HFD) feeding mice with different dose of BBR (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. We found that BBR treatment greatly decreased the body weight gain and reduced insulin resistance induced by HFD. Data also revealed that BBR improved histologic fibrous of epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and was accompanied with inhibition of the abnormal synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, such as collagen and fibronectin. We also found that BBR treatment suppressed the expression of HIF-1α and decreased the mRNA expression of LOX in epididymal adipose tissue, which plays a key role in fibrosis development. Taken together, these results suggest that BBR can regulate metabolic homeostasis and suppress adipose tissue fibrosis through inhibiting the expression of HIF-1α.

scholarly journals Fisetin Protects Against Hepatic Steatosis Through Regulation of the Sirt1/AMPK and Fatty Acid β-Oxidation Signaling Pathway in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1870-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chian-Jiun Liou ◽  
Ciao-Han Wei ◽  
Ya-Ling Chen ◽  
Ching-Yi Cheng ◽  
Chia-Ling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat

Background/Aims: Fisetin is a naturally abundant flavonoid isolated from various fruits and vegetables that was recently identified to have potential biological functions in improving allergic airway inflammation, as well as anti-oxidative and anti-tumor properties. Fisetin has also been demonstrated to have anti-obesity properties in mice. However, the effect of fisetin on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still elusive. Thus, the present study evaluated whether fisetin improves hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and regulates lipid metabolism of FL83B hepatocytes in vitro. Methods: NAFLD was induced by HFD in male C57BL/6 mice. The mice were then injected intraperitoneally with fisetin for 10 weeks. In another experiment, FL83B cells were challenged with oleic acid to induce lipid accumulation and treated with various concentrations of fisetin. Results: NAFLD mice treated with fisetin had decreased body weight and epididymal adipose tissue weight compared to NAFLD mice. Fisetin treatment also reduced liver lipid droplet and hepatocyte steatosis, alleviated serum free fatty acid, and leptin concentrations, significantly decreased fatty acid synthase, and significantly increased phosphorylation of AMPKα and the production of sirt-1 and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in the liver tissue. In vitro, fisetin decreased lipid accumulation and increased lipolysis and β-oxidation in hepatocytes. Conclusion: This study suggests that fisetin is a potential novel treatment for alleviating hepatic lipid metabolism and improving NAFLD in mice via activation of the sirt1/AMPK and β-oxidation pathway.

scholarly journals Anti-Obesity Effect of Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol Isolated from Brown Alga Ishige okamurae in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuling Ding ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
SeungTae Im ◽  
Ouibo Hwang ◽  
Hyun-Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Ishige Okamurae

Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) is one of the most abundant bioactive compounds in Ishige okamurae. The previous study suggested that DPHC possesses strong in vitro anti-obesity activity in 3T3-L1 cells. However, the in vivo anti-obesity effect of DPHC has not been determined. The current study explored the effect of DPHC on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice. The results indicated that oral administration of DPHC (25 and 50 mg/kg/day for six weeks) significantly and dose-dependently reduced HFD-induced adiposity and body weight gain. DPHC not only decreased the levels of triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, leptin, and aspartate transaminase but also increased the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum of HFD mice. In addition, DPHC significantly reduced hepatic lipid accumulation by reduction of expression levels of the critical enzymes for lipogenesis including SREBP-1c, FABP4, and FAS. Furthermore, DPHC remarkably reduced the adipocyte size, as well as decreased the expression levels of key adipogenic-specific proteins and lipogenic enzymes including PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP-1c, FABP4, and FAS, which regulate the lipid metabolism in the epididymal adipose tissue (EAT). Further studies demonstrated that DPHC significantly stimulated the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in both liver and EAT. These results demonstrated that DPHC effectively prevented HFD-induced obesity and suggested that DPHC could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for attenuating obesity and obesity-related diseases.

Effects of Zinc Alpha2 Glycoprotein on Lipid Metabolism of Liver in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 793-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Fan ◽  
Yu Qiao ◽  
Shixing Gao ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
Ruqian Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Recombinant Plasmid ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Protein Levels

AbstractZinc alpha2 glycoprotein (ZAG) is a new type of adipokine involved in adipose tissue mobilization, however, little is known about its lipid metabolism effect in liver. Therefore, we investigated the effects of ZAG in the regulation of hepatic lipid accumulation. Mice were randomly divided into two groups; one was fed a normal diet and another was fed a high-fat diet for eight weeks to establish obesity model. After that, the normal diet group was divided into ND (injection of pcDNA3.1) and NDZ (injection of ZAG recombinant plasmid) and the high-fat diet group was divided into HF (injection of pcDNA3.1) and HFZ (injection of ZAG recombinant plasmid). The mice were weighed once per week and injected with plasmid once every three days for eight times. The results showed that body weight and hepatic TG content were decreased dramatically in HFZ group compared with HF group. The stearoyl-CoAdesaturase1 (SCD1) and Acyl-CoA Synthetase-1 (ACSS1) protein levels in HFZ group were significantly decreased. Furthermore, phosphorylated hormone sensitive lipase (P-HSL) was significantly higher in HFZ group. In HFZ group, hepatic fatty acid translocase (CD36) and fatty acids binding protein-1 (FABP1) protein levels were reduced. In addition, the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase A (PPKA) in HFZ group was higher than the HF group. Meanwhile, NDZ group showed significantly decreased body weight and increased P-HSL level though the hepatic TG content showed no significantly changes compared with the ND group. Therefore, we conclude that ZAG may be beneficial for preventing high-fat-diet-induced hepatic lipid metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Obesity is the major contributor to vascular dysfunction and inflammation in high-fat diet hypertensive rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Elmarakby ◽  
John D. Imig
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Cox 2

Obesity and hypertension are the two major risk factors that contribute to the progression of end-stage renal disease. To examine whether hypertension further exacerbates oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction and inflammation in obese rats, four groups of male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed either a normal (7% fat) or high-fat (36% fat) diet for 6 weeks and osmotic pumps were implanted to deliver ANG (angiotensin II) or vehicle for an additional 4 weeks. Treatment with the high-fat diet did not alter ANG-induced hypertension compared with the normal diet (174±6 compared with 170±5 mmHg respectively). Treatment with the high-fat diet increased body weight gain and plasma leptin levels and induced insulin resistance in normotensive and ANG-induced hypertensive rats. Plasma TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances), a measure of oxidative stress, were elevated in high-fat diet-fed rats compared with controls (11.2±1 compared with 8.4±1 nmol/ml respectively) and was increased further in ANG-induced hypertensive rats fed a high-fat diet (18.8±2.2 nmol/ml). Urinary nitrite excretion was also decreased in rats fed a high-fat diet without or with ANG infusion compared with controls. Afferent arteriolar relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in rats fed the high-fat diet without or with ANG infusion. Renal cortical TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor-α), COX-2 (cyclo-oxygenase-2) and phospho-IKK (inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase) expression increased in high-fat diet-fed rats compared with normal diet-fed rats. The increases in phospho-IKK and COX-2 expression were elevated further in ANG-induced hypertensive rats fed the high-fat diet. These results suggest that ANG-induced hypertension exacerbates oxidative stress and renal inflammation without further impairment in vascular dysfunction in high-fat diet-induced obesity.

scholarly journals Angelica sinensis Suppresses Body Weight Gain and Alters Expression of the FTO Gene in High-Fat-Diet Induced Obese Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhong ◽  
Xiao-Yue Duan ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Hong-Ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Angelica Sinensis ◽  
Obese Mouse ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat

The root of Angelica sinensis (RAS) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for preventing and treating various diseases. In this study, we assessed RAS supplementation effects on body weight and the FTO gene expression and methylation status in a high-fat-diet (HFD) induced obese mouse model. Female obese mice were divided into groups according to RAS dosage in diet as follows: normal diet, HFD diet (HC), HFD with low-dosage RAS (DL), HFD with medium-dosage RAS (DM), and HFD with high-dosage RAS (DH). After RAS supplementation for 4 weeks, body weight suppression and FTO expression in DH mice were significantly higher than in HC mice, whereas no significant change in FTO expression was detected between DM and DL mice or in their offspring. Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) revealed that the CpG island in the FTO promoter was hypermethylated up to 95.44% in the HC group, 91.67% in the DH group, and 90.00% in the normal diet group. Histological examination showed that adipocytes in the DH group were smaller than those in the HC group, indicating a potential role of RAS in obesity. This study indicated that RAS could ameliorate obesity induced by HFD and that the molecular mechanism might be associated with the expression of the FTO gene.

scholarly journals A Combination of Apple Vinegar Drink with Bacillus coagulans Ameliorates High Fat Diet-Induced Body Weight Gain, Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2504
Author(s):  
Raquel Urtasun ◽  
Joana Díaz-Gómez ◽  
Miriam Araña ◽  
María José Pajares ◽  
María Oneca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Traditional Remedy

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic characterized by excessive fat accumulation, associated with multiple comorbidities and complications. Emerging evidence points to gut microbiome as a driving force in the pathogenesis of obesity. Vinegar intake, a traditional remedy source of exogenous acetate, has been shown to improve glycemic control and to have anti-obesity effects. New functional foods may be developed by supplementing traditional food with probiotics. B. coagulans is a suitable choice because of its resistance to high temperatures. To analyze the possible synergic effect of Vinegar and B. coagulans against the metabolic alterations induced by a high fat diet (HFD), we fed twelve-week-old C57BL/6 mice with HFD for 5 weeks after 2 weeks of acclimation on a normal diet. Then, food intake, body weight, blood biochemical parameters, histology and liver inflammatory markers were analyzed. Although vinegar drink, either alone or supplemented with B. coagulans, reduced food intake, attenuated body weight gain and enhanced glucose tolerance, only the supplemented drink improved the lipid serum profile and prevented hepatic HFD-induced overexpression of CD36, IL-1β, IL-6, LXR and SREBP, thus reducing lipid deposition in the liver. The beneficial properties of the B. coagulans-supplemented vinegar appear to be mediated by a reduction in insulin and leptin circulating levels.

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