scholarly journals Plant-Soil Feedbacks for the Restoration of Degraded Mine Lands: A Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Chen Zhu ◽  
Hong-Xiang Zheng ◽  
Wen-Shen Liu ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Mei-Na Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Stressful Environment ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Mine Lands ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Much effort has been made to remediate the degraded mine lands that bring severe impacts to the natural environments. However, it remains unclear what drives the recovery of biodiversity and ecosystem functions, making the restoration of these fragile ecosystems a big challenge. The interactions among plant species, soil communities, and abiotic conditions, i.e., plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs), significantly influence vegetation development, plant community structure, and ultimately regulate the recovery of ecosystem multi-functionality. Here, we present a conceptual framework concerning PSFs patterns and potential mechanisms in degraded mine lands. Different from healthy ecosystems, mine lands are generally featured with harsh physical and chemical properties, which may have different PSFs and should be considered during the restoration. Usually, pioneer plants colonized in the mine lands can adapt to the stressful environment by forming tolerant functional traits and gathering specific soil microbial communities. Understanding the mechanisms of PSFs would enhance our ability to predict and alter both the composition of above- and below-ground communities, and improve the recovery of ecosystem functions in degraded mine lands. Finally, we put forward some challenges of the current PSFs study and discuss avenues for further research in the ecological restoration of degraded mine lands.

scholarly journals Diversity and asynchrony in soil microbial communities stabilizes ecosystem functioning

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Wagg ◽  
Yann Hautier ◽  
Sarah Pellkofer ◽  
Samiran Banerjee ◽  
Bernhard Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Soil Mesocosms

Theoretical and empirical advances have revealed the importance of biodiversity for stabilizing ecosystem functions through time. Despite the global degradation of soils, whether the loss of soil microbial diversity can destabilize ecosystem functioning is poorly understood. Here, we experimentally quantified the contribution of soil fungal and bacterial communities to the temporal stability of four key ecosystem functions related to biogeochemical cycling. Microbial diversity enhanced the temporal stability of all ecosystem functions and this pattern was particularly strong in plant-soil mesocosms with reduced microbial richness where over 50% of microbial taxa were lost. The stabilizing effect of soil biodiversity was linked to asynchrony among microbial taxa whereby different soil fungi and bacteria promoted different ecosystem functions at different times. Our results emphasize the need to conserve soil biodiversity for the provisioning of multiple ecosystem functions that soils provide to the society.

scholarly journals Soil microbial diversity–biomass relationships are driven by soil carbon content across global biomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Bastida ◽  
David J. Eldridge ◽  
Carlos García ◽  
G. Kenny Png ◽  
Richard D. Bardgett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Biomass Ratio

AbstractThe relationship between biodiversity and biomass has been a long standing debate in ecology. Soil biodiversity and biomass are essential drivers of ecosystem functions. However, unlike plant communities, little is known about how the diversity and biomass of soil microbial communities are interlinked across globally distributed biomes, and how variations in this relationship influence ecosystem function. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a field survey across global biomes, with contrasting vegetation and climate types. We show that soil carbon (C) content is associated to the microbial diversity–biomass relationship and ratio in soils across global biomes. This ratio provides an integrative index to identify those locations on Earth wherein diversity is much higher compared with biomass and vice versa. The soil microbial diversity-to-biomass ratio peaks in arid environments with low C content, and is very low in C-rich cold environments. Our study further advances that the reductions in soil C content associated with land use intensification and climate change could cause dramatic shifts in the microbial diversity-biomass ratio, with potential consequences for broad soil processes.

scholarly journals Effects of between-site variation in soil microbial communities and plant-soil feedbacks on the productivity and composition of plant communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1028-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan T. Bauer ◽  
Noah Blumenthal ◽  
Anna J. Miller ◽  
Julia K. Ferguson ◽  
Heather L. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Site Variation

scholarly journals A two-phase plant-soil feedback experiment to explore biotic influences on Phragmites australis invasion in North American wetlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Lee ◽  
Thomas J. Mozdzer ◽  
Samantha K. Chapman ◽  
M. Gonzalez Mateu ◽  
A. H. Baldwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Biotic Resistance ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Soil Mesocosms ◽  
Soil Feedback ◽  
Resistance To Invasion

Plants can cultivate soil microbial communities that affect subsequent plant growth through a plant-soil feedback (PSF).  Strong evidence indicates that PSFs can mediate the invasive success of exotic upland plants, but many of the most invasive plants occur in wetlands.  In North America, the rapid spread of European Phragmites australis cannot be attributed to innate physiological advantages, thus PSFs may mediate invasion. Here we apply a two-phase fully-factorial plant-soil feedback design in which field-derived soil inocula were conditioned using saltmarsh plants and then were added to sterile soil mesocosms and planted with each plant type.  This design allowed us to assess complete soil biota effects on intraspecific PSFs between native and introduced P. australis as well as heterospecific feedbacks between P. australis and the native wetland grass, Spartina patens. Our results demonstrate that native P. australis experienced negative conspecific feedbacks while introduced P. australis experienced neutral conspecific feedbacks.  Interestingly, S. patens soil inocula inhibited growth in both lineages of P. australis while introduced and native P. australis inocula promoted the growth of S. patens suggestive of biotic resistance against P. australis invasion by S. patens . Our findings suggest that PSFs are not directly promoting the invasion of introduced P. australis in North America. Furthermore, native plants like S. patens seem to exhibit soil microbe mediated biotic resistance to invasion which highlights the importance of disturbance in mediating introduced P. australis invasion.

scholarly journals Soil Microbial Biogeography in a Changing World: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Chu ◽  
Gui-Feng Gao ◽  
Yuying Ma ◽  
Kunkun Fan ◽  
Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Biogeography ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Global Change Scenarios ◽  
Changing World

ABSTRACT Soil microbial communities are fundamental to maintaining key soil processes associated with litter decomposition, nutrient cycling, and plant productivity and are thus integral to human well-being. Recent technological advances have exponentially increased our knowledge concerning the global ecological distributions of microbial communities across space and time and have provided evidence for their contribution to ecosystem functions. However, major knowledge gaps in soil biogeography remain to be addressed over the coming years as technology and research questions continue to evolve. In this minireview, we state recent advances and future directions in the study of soil microbial biogeography and discuss the need for a clearer concept of microbial species, projections of soil microbial distributions toward future global change scenarios, and the importance of embracing culture and isolation approaches to determine microbial functional profiles. This knowledge will be critical to better predict ecosystem functions in a changing world.

scholarly journals Ozone affects plant, insect, and soil microbial communities: A threat to terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (33) ◽  
pp. eabc1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenios Agathokleous ◽  
Zhaozhong Feng ◽  
Elina Oksanen ◽  
Pierre Sicard ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Competition ◽  
Root Exudation ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Equatorial Africa ◽  
Insect Interactions

Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations induce adverse effects in plants. We reviewed how ozone affects (i) the composition and diversity of plant communities by affecting key physiological traits; (ii) foliar chemistry and the emission of volatiles, thereby affecting plant-plant competition, plant-insect interactions, and the composition of insect communities; and (iii) plant-soil-microbe interactions and the composition of soil communities by disrupting plant litterfall and altering root exudation, soil enzymatic activities, decomposition, and nutrient cycling. The community composition of soil microbes is consequently changed, and alpha diversity is often reduced. The effects depend on the environment and vary across space and time. We suggest that Atlantic islands in the Northern Hemisphere, the Mediterranean Basin, equatorial Africa, Ethiopia, the Indian coastline, the Himalayan region, southern Asia, and Japan have high endemic richness at high ozone risk by 2100.

Adding Ash Methane Oxidation in Landfill Cover Soil Research

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 4205-4208
Author(s):  
Yan Li Wu ◽  
Qing Feng Zhang ◽  
Ran Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ming Mao ◽  
Xin Hua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Behavior ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Landfill Cover Soil ◽  
Landfill Cover ◽  
Cover Soil ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

In the past ten years, methane has a greenhouse gas, and its concentration increases by 1% per year, while an estimated worldwide annual landfill cover soil surface from escaping methane is about 20 to 70 Mtpa. Microbial methane oxidation can be carried out about 80% of global consumption of methane, the soil microbial methane oxidation can reduce methane escaping from the soil to the atmosphere. Both in domestic and foreign ash recycling in landfill cover soil behavior has performed for many years, but there is a review of domestic and foreign literature ash, mostly looks at the aspects of physical and chemical properties and heavy metals, there is no assessment of the casing methane oxidation impact. This paper mainly urban incinerator ash as a research object, and after a landfill cover soil mined to study experimentally analyze the impact of ash added methane oxidation right.

Control of soil development on the Tanana River floodplain, interior Alaska

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 941-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Van Cleve ◽  
C.T. Dyrness ◽  
G.M. Marion ◽  
R. Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Soil Particle Size ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Alluvial soils on the Tanana River floodplain near Fairbanks, Alaska, were examined for development of physical and chemical properties in relation to soil depth and across a 200-year vegetation development sequence. Development was mediated by ecosystem controls including successional time, vegetation, terrace height, soil physical and chemical properties, and microclimate. These controls interact and are conditioned by the state factors time, flora, topography, parent material, and climate, respectively. On early-successional (<5 years) lower alluvial surfaces, terrace height above groundwater, soil particle size, and microclimate (through soil surface evaporation) interacted through capillary rise to produce salt-affected surface soil. Calcium salts of carbonate and sulfate were the principal chemicals encountered in these soils. Establishment of a vegetation cover between 5 and 10 years introduced evapotranspiration as a new mechanism, along with capillarity, to control moisture suction gradients. In addition, newly formed surface litter layers further helped eliminate evaporation and formation of high salt content surface soil. Continued sedimentation raised terrace elevation, so on older terraces only infrequent flood events influenced soil development. Moreover, in these successional stages, only the highest river stages raised groundwater levels, so transpiration and capillarity influenced water movement to tree root systems. During the first 25–30 years of succession, plant deposition of organic matter and nitrogen, associated with the growth of alder, markedly changed soil properties. Nearly 60% (or 240 g•m−2) of the 400 g•m−2 nitrogen encountered at 100 years was accumulated during this early period. After 100 years of vegetation development, soil carbonate content dropped to about half the peak values of about 1600 g•m−2 encountered between 4 and 25 years. By the time white spruce was the dominant forest type at 180 years, carbonate carbon declined to about 500 g•m−2, one-third that of the 1600 g•m−2 high. By this time surface soil pH declined from high values of 7.5 to between 5.5 and 6.0. Organic carbon continued to accumulate to about 6300 g•m−2 in the white spruce stage, twice that encountered in the alder–poplar stage at 25 years. Indices of moisture retention were most strongly related to either soil particle size (low moisture tension and available moisture range) or vegetation-mediated soil organic matter content (high moisture tension). Cation exchange capacity was most strongly related to a vegetation-mediated index of organic matter (OM) content (%N, %C, or %OM).

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