scholarly journals Systematic Review: microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Mild Cognitive Impairment Diagnosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Ogonowski ◽  
Stefanny Salcidua ◽  
Tomas Leon ◽  
Nayaret Chamorro-Veloso ◽  
Cristian Valls ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Promising Source

The rate of progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is estimated at >10% per year, reaching up to 80–90% after 6 years. MCI is considered an indicator of early-stage AD. In this context, the diagnostic screening of MCI is crucial for detecting individuals at high risk of AD before they progress and manifest further severe symptoms. Typically, MCI has been determined using neuropsychological assessment tools such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) or Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE). Unfortunately, other diagnostic methods are not available or are unable to identify MCI in its early stages. Therefore, identifying new biomarkers for MCI diagnosis and prognosis is a significant challenge. In this framework, miRNAs in serum, plasma, and other body fluids have emerged as a promising source of biomarkers for MCI and AD-related cognitive impairments. Interestingly, miRNAs can regulate several signaling pathways via multiple and diverse targets in response to pathophysiological stimuli. This systematic review aims to describe the current state of the art regarding AD-related target genes modulated by differentially expressed miRNAs in peripheral fluids samples in MCI subjects to identify potential miRNA biomarkers in the early stages of AD. We found 30 articles that described five miRNA expression profiles from peripheral fluid in MCI subjects, showing possible candidates for miRNA biomarkers that may be followed up as fluid biomarkers or therapeutic targets of early-stage AD. However, additional research is needed to validate these miRNAs and characterize the precise neuropathological mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talha Mubashir ◽  
Lusine Abrahamyan ◽  
Ayan Niazi ◽  
Deween Piyasena ◽  
Abdul A. Arif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Patient Recruitment ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Background: Previous studies have shown that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment or dementia in the elderly, leading to deleterious health effects and decreasing quality of life. This systematic review aims to determine the prevalence of OSA in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and examine whether an association between OSA and MCI exists. Methods: We searched Medline, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsychINFO, Scopus, the Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for published and unpublished studies. We included studies in adults with a diagnosis of MCI that reported on the prevalence of OSA. Two independent reviewers performed the abstract and full-text screening, data extraction and the study quality critical appraisal. Results: Five studies were included in the systematic review. Overall, OSA prevalence rates in patients with MCI varied between 11−71% and were influenced by OSA diagnostic methods and patient recruitment locations (community or clinic based). Among studies using the following OSA diagnostic measures– self-report, ApneaLink, Berlin Questionnaire and polysomnography– the OSA prevalence rates in MCI were 11%, 27%, 59% and 70%, respectively. In a community-based sample, the prevalence of OSA in patients with and without MCI was 27% and 26%, respectively. Conclusions: Based on limited evidence, the prevalence of OSA in patients with MCI is 27% and varies based upon OSA diagnostic methods and patient recruitment locations. Our findings provide an important framework for future studies to prospectively investigate the association between OSA and MCI among larger community-based cohorts and implement a standardized approach to diagnose OSA in memory clinics. PROSPERO registration: CRD42018096577

scholarly journals Protocol for a systematic review on interventions for caregivers of persons with mild cognitive impairment and early dementia: does early stage intervention improve caregiver well-being and ability to provide care?

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e028441
Author(s):  
Melanie Bayly ◽  
Debra Morgan ◽  
Julie Kosteniuk ◽  
Valerie Elliot ◽  
Amanda Froehlich Chow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Caregiver Interventions

IntroductionCaregivers of persons with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at risk of decreased well-being. While many interventions for caregivers exist, evidence is sparse regarding intervention timing and effectiveness at an early stage of cognitive decline. Our systematic review aims to answer the following questions: (1) Do interventions for caregivers of persons with early stage dementia or MCI affect their well-being and ability to provide care? (2) Are particular types of caregiver interventions most effective during early stage cognitive decline? (3) How does effectiveness differ when early and later interventions are directly compared? (4) Do effects of early stage caregiver intervention vary based on care recipient and caregiver characteristics (eg, sex, type of dementia)?Methods and analysisThe databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PSYCINFO and CINAHL, as well as grey literature databases, will be searched for English language studies using search terms related to caregiver interventions and dementia/MCI. Abstracts and full texts will be screened by two independent reviewers; included studies must assess the effects of an intervention for caregivers of persons with early stage dementia or MCI on caregiver well-being or ability to provide care. Intervention, study and participant characteristics will be extracted by two independent reviewers, along with outcome data. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool (for controlled trials with and without randomisation). Interventions will be grouped by type (eg, psychoeducational) and a narrative synthesis is planned due to expected heterogeneity, but a meta-analysis will be performed where possible. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach will be used to inform conclusions regarding the quality of evidence for each type of intervention.Ethics and disseminationFindings from this review will be disseminated via conferences and peer-reviewed publication, and a summary will be provided to the Alzheimer Society.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018114960.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talha Mubashir ◽  
Lusine Abrahamyan ◽  
Ayan Niazi ◽  
Deween Piyasena ◽  
Abdul A. Arif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Patient Recruitment ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Background: Previous studies have shown that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment or dementia in the elderly, leading to deleterious health effects and decreasing quality of life. This systematic review aims to determine the prevalence of OSA in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and examine whether an association between OSA and MCI exists. Methods: We searched Medline, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsychINFO, Scopus, the Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for published and unpublished studies. We included studies in adults with a diagnosis of MCI that reported on the prevalence of OSA. Two independent reviewers performed the abstract and full-text screening, data extraction and the study quality critical appraisal. Results: Five studies were included in the systematic review. Overall, OSA prevalence rates in patients with MCI varied between 11−71% and were influenced by OSA diagnostic methods and patient recruitment locations (community or clinic based). Among studies using the following OSA diagnostic measures– self-report, ApneaLink, Berlin Questionnaire and polysomnography– the OSA prevalence rates in MCI were 11%, 27%, 59% and 70%, respectively. In a community-based sample, the prevalence of OSA in patients with and without MCI was 27% and 26%, respectively. Conclusions: Based on limited evidence, the prevalence of OSA in patients with MCI is 27% and varies based upon OSA diagnostic methods and patient recruitment locations. Our findings provide an important framework for future studies to prospectively investigate the association between OSA and MCI among larger community-based cohorts and implement a standardized approach to diagnose OSA in memory clinics. PROSPERO registration: CRD42018096577

Cognitive and anatomical correlates of anosognosia in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and early-stage Alzheimer's disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulben Senturk ◽  
Basar Bilgic ◽  
Ali Bilgin Arslan ◽  
Ali Bayram ◽  
Hasmet Hanagasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Amci Group

ABSTRACTBackground:Anosognosia is a common feature in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The brain substrates of anosognosia are not fully understood, and less is known about the cognitive substrates of anosognosia in prodromal and early stages of AD.Methods:Fourty-seven patients with amnestic-type mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) (n = 26) and early-stage AD (n = 21) were included, and Clinical Insight Rating Scale and Anosognosia Questionnaire for Dementia (AQ-D) were used to assess anosognosia. A detailed neuropsychological battery was administered; each patient underwent a structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Correlation between anosognosia and performance in individual cognitive domains as well as correlation between anosognosia and cortical thickness values in regions of interest were assessed.Results:Performance of the anosognosic patients in Digit Ordering Test (DOT), Digit Span Backwards, and Clock Drawing Test (CDT) was significantly worse compared to non-anosognosic patients in the total study population and in the aMCI subgroup but not in AD group. AQ-D scores negatively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), Digit Span Backwards and CDT scores in total group and MMSE, CVLT, DOT, and Digit Span Backwards scores in the aMCI group. No significant correlations were found between cortical thickness measurements and AQ-D scores in any of the patient populations.Conclusions:Anosognosia was associated with episodic memory, working memory, and executive functions in the total population and aMCI group, but no association was found in early-stage AD patients. Anosognosia in the early stages of AD may be related with non-structural changes such as hypoconnectivity rather than structural changes.

Incidence of mild cognitive impairment - a systematic review

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Luck ◽  
M Luppa ◽  
S Briel ◽  
SG Riedel-Heller
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document