scholarly journals Thirty Days of Montmorency Tart Cherry Supplementation Has No Effect on Gut Microbiome Composition, Inflammation, or Glycemic Control in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela R. Hillman ◽  
Bryna C. R. Chrismas
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Tart Cherries ◽  
Over Time

Tart cherries possess properties that may reduce inflammation and improve glycemic control, however human data on supplementation and the gut microbiota is equivocal. Processing (i.e., juice concentrate, dried, frozen) may affect the properties of tart cherries, and therefore alter their efficacious health benefits. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 30 days of supplementation with Montmorency tart cherry (MTC) in concentrate or freeze-dried form on the gut microbiome and markers of inflammation and glycemic control. Healthy participants with no known disease (n = 58, age: 28 ± 10 y, height: 169.76 ± 8.55 cm, body mass: 72.2 ± 12.9 kg) were randomly allocated to four groups and consumed either concentrate or freeze-dried capsules or their corresponding placebos for 30 days. Venous blood samples were drawn at baseline, day 7, 14, and 30 and analyzed for inflammatory markers TNF-alpha, uric acid, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and glycemic control markers glycated albumin, glucose and insulin. A fecal sample was provided at baseline, day 14 and 30 for microbiome analysis. TNF-alpha was significantly lower at 30 vs. 14 days (p = 0.01), however there was no other significant change in the inflammatory markers. Insulin was not changed over time (p = 0.16) or between groups (p = 0.24), nor was glycated albumin different over time (p = 0.08) or between groups (p = 0.56), however glucose levels increased (p < 0.001) from baseline (4.79 ± 1.00 mmol·L−1) to 14 days (5.21 ± 1.02 mmol·L−1) and 30 days (5.61 ± 1.22 mmol·L−1) but this was no different between groups (p = 0.33). There was no significant change in composition of bacterial phyla, families, or subfamilies for the duration of this study nor was there a change in species richness. These data suggest that 30 days of MTC supplementation does not modulate the gut microbiome, inflammation, or improve glycemic control in a healthy, diverse group of adults.Clinical Trail Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04467372, identifier: NCT04467372.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Milled Seed Mixture on Fatty Acid Status and Inflammatory Markers in Patients on Hemodialysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Ristic-Medic ◽  
Gordana Perunicic-Pekovic ◽  
Zorica Rasic-Milutinovic ◽  
Marija Takic ◽  
Tamara Popovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Flax Seed ◽  
Fatty Acid Status ◽  
Habitual Diet ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Seed Mixture

Background. Plant seeds have gained interest for their health benefits due to their fatty acid content. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary consumption of milled sesame/pumpkin/flax seed mixture on glycemic control, serum lipids, phospholipid fatty acid status, and inflammatory factors in patients on hemodialysis.Methods. Thirty patients with well nutrition status (18 male, 12 female) were enrolled in the study. Participants consumed 30 g of milled sesame/pumpkin/flax (6 g/6 g/18 g, resp.) seeds mixture added to their habitual diet.Results. Total n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and levels of linoleic, dihomo-gamma-linolenic (DGLA), arachidonic, alpha-linolenic (ALA), eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid were increased after 12 weeks of supplementation. A significant decrease of the serum triglyceride level (P<0.001), glucose, insulin, calculated IR HOMA (P<0.05), and inflammatory markers (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and hs-CRP,P<0.001) was observed after seed mixture treatment. The serum levels of CRP and TNF-alpha negative correlate with ALA, DHA, and DGLA.Conclusion. Results of this study indicated that dietary milled sesame/pumpkin/flax seed mixture added to a habitual diet lowered triglyceride and CRP, TNF-alpha, IL-6 levels, affect glycemic control and improved fatty acid profile and pruritus symptoms in hemodialysis patients.

scholarly journals Elevated Serum Inflammatory Markers in Subacute Stroke Are Associated With Clinical Outcome but Not Modified by Aerobic Fitness Training: Results of the Randomized Controlled PHYS-STROKE Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Kirzinger ◽  
Andrea Stroux ◽  
Torsten Rackoll ◽  
Matthias Endres ◽  
Agnes Flöel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Serum Inflammatory Markers

Background: Inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive Protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and fibrinogen, are upregulated following acute stroke. Studies have shown associations of these biomarkers with increased mortality, recurrent vascular risk, and poor functional outcome. It is suggested that physical fitness training may play a role in decreasing long-term inflammatory activity and supports tissue recovery.Aim: We investigated the dynamics of selected inflammatory markers in the subacute phase following stroke and determined if fluctuations are associated with functional recovery up to 6 months. Further, we examined whether exposure to aerobic physical fitness training in the subacute phase influenced serum inflammatory markers over time.Methods: This is an exploratory analysis of patients enrolled in the multicenter randomized-controlled PHYS-STROKE trial. Patients within 45 days of stroke onset were randomized to receive either four weeks of aerobic physical fitness training or relaxation sessions. Generalized estimating equation models were used to investigate the dynamics of inflammatory markers and the associations of exposure to fitness training with serum inflammatory markers over time. Multiple logistic regression models were used to explore associations between inflammatory marker levels at baseline and three months after stroke and outcome at 3- or 6-months.Results: Irrespective of the intervention group, high sensitive CRP (hs-CRP), IL-6, and fibrinogen (but not TNF-alpha) were significantly lower at follow-up visits when compared to baseline (p all ≤ 0.01). In our cohort, exposure to aerobic physical fitness training did not influence levels of inflammatory markers over time. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, increased baseline IL-6 and fibrinogen levels were inversely associated with worse outcome at 3 and 6 months. Increased levels of hs-CRP at 3 months after stroke were associated with impaired outcome at 6 months. We found no independent associations of TNF-alpha levels with investigated outcome parameters.Conclusion: Serum markers of inflammation were elevated after stroke and decreased within 6 months. In our cohort, exposure to aerobic physical fitness training did not modify the dynamics of inflammatory markers over time. Elevated IL-6 and fibrinogen levels in early subacute stroke were associated with worse outcome up to 6-months after stroke.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01953549.

scholarly journals Tart Cherry Juice and Seeds Affect Pro-Inflammatory Markers in Visceral Adipose Tissue of High-Fat Diet Obese Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1403
Author(s):  
Michele Moruzzi ◽  
Nora Klöting ◽  
Matthias Blüher ◽  
Ilenia Martinelli ◽  
Seyed Khosrow Tayebati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Tart Cherries

Background: Tart cherries (Prunus cerasus L.) are a rich source of anthocyanins. They are phytochemical flavonoids found in red and blue fruits, and vegetables that can reduce hyperlipidemia. Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT) has emerged as a major player in driving obesity-related inflammatory response. Methods: This study has investigated the potential positive effects of tart cherries on rats with Diet-Induced Obesity (DIO). In particular, the inflammatory status in retroperitoneal (RPW) and perigonadal (PGW) adipose tissue were studied. Rats were fed ad libitum for 17 weeks with a hypercaloric diet with the supplementation of tart cherries seeds powder (DS) and seeds powder plus tart cherries juice containing 1mg of anthocyanins (DJS). In RPW and PGW, expression of CRP, IL-1 β, TNF-α, CCL2 and CD36, were measured by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry techniques. Results: No differences in the weight of RPW and PGW animals were found between DS and DJS groups compared to DIO rats. However, an increase of inflammatory markers was observed in DIO group in comparison with control lean rats. A modulation of these markers was evident upon tart cherry supplementation. Conclusion: Study results suggest that tart cherry enriched-diet did not modify the accumulation of visceral fat, but it decreased inflammatory markers in both tissues. Therefore, this supplementation could be useful, in combination with healthy lifestyles, to modify adipose tissue cell metabolism limiting-obesity related organ damage.

scholarly journals Dose-Responses Relationship in Glucose Lowering and Gut Dysbiosis to Saskatoon Berry Powder Supplementation in High Fat-High Sucrose Diet-Induced Insulin Resistant Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1553
Author(s):  
Ruozhi Zhao ◽  
Fei Huang ◽  
Garry X. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
High Sucrose

Administration of freeze-dried powder of Saskatoon berry (SB), a popular fruit enriched with antioxidants, reduced glucose level, inflammatory markers and gut microbiota disorder in high fat-high sucrose (HFHS) diet-induced insulin resistant mice. The present study examined the dose-response relationship in metabolic, inflammatory and gut microbiotic variables to SB power (SBp) supplementation in HFHS diet-fed mice. Male C57 BL/6J mice were fed with HFHS diet supplemented with 0, 1%, 2.5% or 5% SBp for 11 weeks. HFHS diet significantly increased the levels of fast plasma glucose (FPG), cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, but decreased fecal Bacteroidetes phylum bacteria and Muribaculaceae family bacteria compared to low fat diet. SBp dose-dependently reduced metabolic and inflammatory variables and gut dysbiosis in mice compared with mice receiving HFHS diet alone. Significant attenuation of HFHS diet-induced biochemical disorders were detected in mice receiving ≥1% SBp. The abundances of Muribaculaceae family bacteria negatively correlated with body weights, FPG, lipids, insulin, HOMA-IR and inflammatory markers in the mice. The results suggest that SBp supplementation dose-dependently attenuated HFHS diet-induced metabolic and inflammatory disorders, which was associated with the amelioration of gut dysbiosis in the mice.

Varietal and Developmental Susceptibility of Tart Cherry (Rosales: Rosaceae) to Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1789-1797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T Kamiyama ◽  
Christelle Guédot
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
Vinegar Fly ◽  
Tart Cherries

Abstract Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is an invasive species of vinegar fly that infests soft-skinned and stone fruits. Since its first detection in the United States, D. suzukii has become a prominent economic threat in fruit crop industries, particularly affecting caneberry and sweet cherry growers. This study examined the susceptibility of tart cherries (Prunus cerasus) to D. suzukii and sampled for larvae and adult D. suzukii during the tart cherry growing season. Four tart cherry cultivars (Montmorency, Balaton, Carmine Jewel, and Kántorjánosi) were tested at three different ripeness stages (unripe, ripening, and ripe), in no-choice laboratory bio-assays. Field monitoring and sampling revealed that first adult D. suzukii detection occurred on 16 June, and first field larval D. suzukii detection occurred on 28 July. Adult D. suzukii populations increased through late August, and high numbers of adults overlapped with the tart cherry harvest. Lab assays indicated that tart cherry cultivars generally became more susceptible to D. suzukii as they ripened. As the fruit developed, °Brix (sugar content) increased and firmness generally decreased. Tart cherry °Brix and firmness were not correlated with the number of D. suzukii eggs per gram of fruit, but showed a significant interaction effect with the number of larvae and adults per gram of fruit. This study shows that tart cherries are largely not susceptible to D. suzukii when unripe and become susceptible as soon as the fruits change color, suggesting that fruits should be protected as soon as they begin to ripen and D. suzukii populations begin to rise.

scholarly journals A clinical staging proposal of the disease course over time in non-severe patients with coronavirus disease 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiting Lin ◽  
Yiqun Wu ◽  
Ping Zhong ◽  
Bingbo Hou ◽  
Jielan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Prodromal Phase ◽  
The Third ◽  
Convalescent Phase ◽  
Secondary Damage ◽  
Remission Phase ◽  
Over Time

AbstractInformation on the clinical staging of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still limited. This study aimed to propose a clinical staging proposal of the disease course in non-severe patients with COVID-19. In this retrospective study, 108 non-severe patients with COVID-19 were grouped according to the duration from symptoms onset to hospital admission: ≤ 1 week, > 1 to 2 weeks, > 2 to 3 weeks, > 3 to 5 weeks, respectively. The dynamic changes of clinical signs were profiled across the four groups. A clinical staging proposal of the disease course over time was proposed from the perspective of the interaction between the virus and host. The prodromal phase, characterized by pneumonia, significant lymphopenia, and slightly elevated inflammatory markers, occurred in the first week after symptoms onset. In the second week, all the hematological and inflammatory markers were at the peak or bottom. Meanwhile, progressive pneumonia as well as the secondary damage of other organs (e.g. cardiac damage, coagulopathy, etc.) was significant during this period, making the disease progress into the apparent manifestation phase. In the third week, the improvement of the majority of clinical signs accompanied by a relatively high degree of inflammatory response defined the remission phase. After 3 weeks, patients were in the convalescent phase, in which all the indicators were maintained at a relatively normal level. We concluded that the disease course over time in non-severe patients with COVID-19 could be divided into four phases: the prodromal phase (in the first week), the apparent manifestation phase (in the second week), the remission phase (in the third week), and the convalescent phase (after 3 weeks), respectively. In clinical practice, tailored therapies should be considered seriously in different stages of the disease course.

scholarly journals Diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and glycemic control over time: The SEARCH for diabetes in youth study

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey M. Duca ◽  
Beth A. Reboussin ◽  
Catherine Pihoker ◽  
Giuseppina Imperatore ◽  
Sharon Saydah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Youth Study ◽  
Diabetes In Youth ◽  
Over Time

Serum glycated albumin: Potential use as an index of glycemic control in diabetic dogs

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sako ◽  
A. Mori ◽  
P. Lee ◽  
T. Sato ◽  
H. Mizutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Diabetic Dogs ◽  
Potential Use

scholarly journals Results of a Study Comparing Glycated Albumin to Other Glycemic Indices

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrus V Desouza ◽  
Richard G Holcomb ◽  
Julio Rosenstock ◽  
Juan P Frias ◽  
Stanley H Hsia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Glycemic Indices ◽  
Glucose Profiles ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pearson Correlations

Abstract Context Intermediate-term glycemic control metrics fulfill a need for measures beyond hemoglobin A1C. Objective Compare glycated albumin (GA), a 14-day blood glucose measure, with other glycemic indices. Design 24-week prospective study of assay performance. Setting 8 US clinics. Participants Subjects with type 1 (n = 73) and type 2 diabetes (n = 77) undergoing changes to improve glycemic control (n = 98) or with stable diabetes therapy (n = 52). Interventions GA, fructosamine, and A1C measured at prespecified intervals. Mean blood glucose (MBG) calculated using weekly self-monitored blood glucose profiles. Main Outcome Measures Primary: Pearson correlation between GA and fructosamine. Secondary: magnitude (Spearman correlation) and direction (Kendall correlation) of change of glycemic indices in the first 3 months after a change in diabetes management. Results GA was more concordant (60.8%) with changes in MBG than fructosamine (55.5%) or A1C (45.5%). Across all subjects and visits, the GA Pearson correlation with fructosamine was 0.920. Pearson correlations with A1C were 0.655 for GA and 0.515 for fructosamine (P &lt; .001) and with MBG were 0.590 and 0.454, respectively (P &lt; .001). At the individual subject level, Pearson correlations with both A1C and MBG were higher for GA than for fructosamine in 56% of subjects; only 4% of subjects had higher fructosamine correlations with A1C and MBG. GA had a higher Pearson correlation with A1C and MBG in 82% and 70% of subjects, respectively. Conclusions Compared with fructosamine, GA correlates significantly better with both short-term MBG and long-term A1C and may be more useful than fructosamine in clinical situations requiring monitoring of intermediate-term glycemic control (NCT02489773).

Curative Activity of Insecticides Used to Control Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Tart Cherry Productions

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 2372-2379
Author(s):  
Ignatius Putra Andika ◽  
Christine Vandervoort ◽  
John C Wise
Keyword(s):  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Curative Action ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Tart Cherries ◽  
Vast Range

Abstract Spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii Matsumura) is a major pest of soft-skinned fruit and due to the low infestation tolerance for marketable fruit, growers take preventive actions to hinder spotted-wing drosophila damages. Insecticides application is one of the measures taken by growers. Although intensive spraying programs have been used to manage spotted-wing drosophila, its early infestation, rapid reproduction, and vast range of host have caused damage to still occur in fruit, including tart cherries, Prunus ceraus (Linnaeus). Therefore, there is a merit for information on insecticide’s curative activity to understand whether sprays manage spotted-wing drosophila individuals within infested fruit. Tart cherry fruit were exposed to spotted-wing drosophila adults for 3 d. After this infestation period, insecticides were applied 1 and 3 d later. Small larvae, large larvae, and pupae were counted 9 d after initial infestation. A parallel set of insecticide-treated tart cherries were subjected to residue analysis. Phosmet and spinetoram were able to reduced live spotted-wing drosophila counts compared with the control at all life stages and insecticide application times, whereas zeta-cypermethrin, acetamiprid, and cyantraniliprole were less consistent in reducing spotted-wing drosophila numbers. Chromobacterium subtsugae demonstrated no curative action. Residue analysis demonstrated that zeta-cypermethrin residues mostly remained on fruit surface. Small portions of phosmet, spinetoram, and cyantraniliprole were able to penetrate fruit surfaces and move into subsurface tissues. Acetamiprid was the only compound which &gt;47% penetrated into the fruit subsurface consistently across both years. Curative activity demonstrated in this study can provide additional tactics for spotted-wing drosophila management in tart cherry Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs.

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