scholarly journals High Internal-Phase Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by Xanthan Gum/Lysozyme Nanoparticles: Rheological and Microstructural Perspective

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xu ◽  
Zhifan Li ◽  
Haomin Sun ◽  
Shuqing Zheng ◽  
He Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Pickering Emulsions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Emulsion Systems ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

Food-grade high internal-phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs) stabilized by solid or colloidal particles with different advantages have attracted extensive attention nowadays. However, looking for new appropriate particle stabilizers is the common practice for HIPPEs preparation. It is crucial to find a new strategy for the development of functional HIPPEs with controllable properties. In this study, a high concentration of xanthan gum/lysozyme nanoparticles (XG/Ly NPs) was used for the preparation of HIPPEs for the first time. Visual observations, creaming index (CI), microstructure, and rheology tests were carried out to investigate the potential of XG/Ly NPs as HIPPEs stabilizers. Results indicated that XG/Ly NPs could stabilize oil droplets in the concentration range of 0.5–4% (w/v). The HIPPEs with a minimal particle concentration of 1% exhibited remarkable physical stability. Rheological measurements showed that a high stability of solid-like HIPPEs was successfully obtained with a higher concentration of XG/Ly NPs. Overall, the HIPPEs stabilized by different concentrations of XG/Ly NPs exhibited excellent rheological and structural properties, which might provide a feasible strategy for the development of functional emulsion systems with controllable structures.

scholarly journals Ingredients Acting as a Physical Barrier for the Prevention and Treatment of the Rhinovirus Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6511
Author(s):  
Lisa-Marie Sittek ◽  
Thomas Michael Schmidts ◽  
Peggy Schlupp
Keyword(s):  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Curative Effect ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

Although the common cold, usually caused by human rhinoviruses, is responsible for enormous damage to the economy and health every year, there are hardly any treatment options or prophylaxis for rhinovirus infections. In this work, the potential of a hydrogel complex, based on polymers and an aqueous extract of Icelandic moss in isla® medic lozenges (Engelhard Arzneimittel, Niederdorfelden, Germany), and two other hydrogels (based on solely xanthan gum or sodium hyaluronate) are investigated for the first time in order to prevent and treat rhinovirus infections. By means of rheological investigations, we demonstrate that isla® medic and containing polymers cause artificial saliva to thicken. Additionally, we demonstrate that the thickening results in the formation of a physical diffusion barrier, which leads to a significant reduction in plaques in a preventive plaque assay with rhinovirus 14 (RV-14). Furthermore, it is shown in a curative plaque assay that the hydrogel complex also has a curative effect on rhinovirus infections in that it reduces the spread of the RV-14-infection on H1-HeLa cell monolayers. Overall, polymer-based hydrogels and related products, such as isla® medic, could contribute to the prevention and treatment of rhinovirus infections.

Novel Micro- and Nano-particles Cellulose Based Pickering Emulsions.

2011 ◽  
Vol 1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Capron ◽  
Hervé Bizot ◽  
Solène Grosbois ◽  
Heiko Winter ◽  
Bernard Cathala
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Pickering Emulsions ◽  
Polymeric Particles ◽  
The Stability ◽  
First Time

AbstractEmulsions are usually metastable systems of two non-miscible phases stabilized by surface active species like surfactant molecules. Emulsions stabilized by solid colloidal particles adsorbed at the interface (Pickering emulsions) offer some competitive advantages with respect to classical emulsions. Most studies published up to now concern emulsions stabilized by inorganic (metallic oxides, exfoliated clays, carbonates and phosphates) or polymeric particles while biomass derived alternatives have only been explored to a limited extent. For the first time, we report the stabilization of emulsions by unmodified cellulose nanocrystals [1, 2] . Cellulose nanocrystals were produced from bacterial cellulose and used to form Pickering emulsions. We demonstrate by SEM that the nanocrystals are adsorbed at the oil/water interface. We also study the size distribution of the droplets that was found to range around 4μm in diameter with very narrow dispersity. The stability of the emulsions was also investigated. The fabrication of new armored microparticles exposing cellulose acicular nanocrystals from cellulose nanocrystals opens opportunities to build materials from low cost and environmental friendly resource.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel High Internal Phase Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by Soy Protein Self-Assembled Gel Particles

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-hao Bi ◽  
Shang-yi Chi ◽  
Tong Zhou ◽  
Xue-ying Wang ◽  
Jia-yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Shear Test ◽  
Pickering Emulsion ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Pickering Emulsions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Cohesive Property

In this paper, a novel high-internal-phase Pickering emulsion (HIPPE) prepared by acid-induced self-assembly SPI gel (A/S-SPIG) was investigated. The steady-state shear test results showed that all HIPPEs were typical shear thinning emulsion, which could form stable emulsion (0.2–1.2% SPI concentration). The network structure of HIPPE stabilized by A/S-SPIG particles (0.2–1.2% SPI concentration) was continuously enhanced with increasing SPI concentration. The high concentration of SPI particles increased the crystallization temperature of the stabilized HIPPE. Meanwhile, at a concentration of 1.2%, HIPPE has the best cohesive property and stability against delamination due to weakened mobility. In conclusion, A/S-SPIG was proved excellent HIPPE stabilized particle.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers/Soy Protein Isolate Colloidal Particles for the Stabilization of High Internal Phase Pickering Emulsions by Anti-solvent Precipitation and Their Application in the Delivery of Curcumin

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Shen ◽  
Dehui Lin ◽  
Zhe Liu ◽  
Honglei Zhai ◽  
Xingbin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Pickering Emulsions ◽  
Simple Complex ◽  
Internal Phase

In this study, the anti-solvent precipitation and a simple complex method were applied for the preparation of bacterial cellulose nanofiber/soy protein isolate (BCNs/SPI) colloidal particles. Fourier transform IR (FT-IR) showed that hydrogen bonds generated in BCNs/SPI colloidal particles via the anti-solvent precipitation were stronger than those generated in BCNs/SPI colloidal particles self-assembled by a simple complex method. Meanwhile, the crystallinity, thermal stability, and contact angle of BCNs/SPI colloidal particles via the anti-solvent precipitation show an improvement in comparison with those of BCNs/SPI colloidal particles via a simple complex method. BCNs/SPI colloidal particles via the anti-solvent precipitation showed enhanced gel viscoelasticity, which was confirmed by dynamic oscillatory measurements. Furthermore, high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPEs) were additionally stable due to their stabilization by BCNs/SPI colloidal particles via the anti-solvent precipitation. Since then, HIPEs stabilized by BCNs/SPI colloidal particles via the anti-solvent precipitation were used for the delivery of curcumin. The curcumin-loaded HIPEs showed a good encapsulation efficiency and high 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) removal efficiency. Additionally, the bioaccessibility of curcumin was significantly increased to 30.54% after the encapsulation using the prepared HIPEs. Therefore, it can be concluded that the anti-solvent precipitation is an effective way to assemble the polysaccharide/protein complex particles for the stabilization of HIPEs, and the prepared stable HIPEs showed a potential application in the delivery of curcumin.

Peculiarities of the juvenile period of the native Chechen genotypes of willow leaf pear (Pyrus salicifolia Pall.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
E. A. Dolmatov ◽  
R. B. Borzayev ◽  
A. N. Shaipov
Keyword(s):  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
The Common ◽  
One Year ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Creative Cooperation

The results of the study of the duration of the juvenile period of indigenous Chechen willow leaf pear genotypes (Pyrus salicifolia Pall.) are given in connection with the acceleration of the breeding process and the use of selected forms in pear breeding for high precocity. The studies were carried out in 2016-2019 at OOO “Orchards of Chechnya” in accordance with the Agreement on creative cooperation with the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. The work was carried out in accordance with generally accepted programs and methods. The objects of the study were one-year and two-year-old pear seedlings obtained from sowing seeds of selected dwarf and low-growing local Chechen forms of willow pear (P. salicifolia Pall.), laying fruit buds on annual growths and seedlings of Caucasian pear (P. caucasica Fed.), 20 500 pcs. of each specie. The aim of the research was to study the potential of precocity of willow pear seedlings and to reveal of selected forms with the greatest degree of this trait. Stratified seeds were sown in the sowing department of the OOO “Orchards of Chechnya” production nursery in April, 2017. The seedlings were grown according to the common technology in dryland conditions on the plot with chestnut soil. The first fl owering of plants was noted in the spring, 2019. As a result of the research, for the first time on a large number of the experimental material it was found that in the off spring of the indigenous Chechen willow leaf pear genotypes, the selection of a little more than 2% of seedlings with a very short juvenile period (2 years) was possible. They are of great interest in accelerating the breeding process and in the selection of new pear varieties with high precocity. 20 willow leaf pear genotypes were selected for the further use in breeding for high precocity and as sources of the trait of short juvenile period.

Mapping the Heart

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Cardiac Muscle Cells ◽  
Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein ◽  
The Common ◽  
Guanine Nucleotide Binding ◽  
First Time ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Some of the receptors on the surface of cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) mediate the response of these cells to catecholamines by causing the production of the common second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). An example of such receptors are the β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors (βARs) that are heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors. Selective stimulation of these two receptor subtypes leads to distinct physiological and pathophysiological responses, but their precise location on the surface of cardiomyocytes has not been correlated with these responses. In an ingenious combination of techniques, Viacheslav Nikolaev, Alexey Moshkov, Alexander Lyon, Michele Miragoli, Pavel Novak, Helen Paur, Martin Lohse, Yuri Korchev, Sian Harding, and Julia Gorelik have mapped the function of these receptors for the first time.

scholarly journals Śaivism after the Śaiva Age: Continuities in the Scriptural Corpus of the Vīramāheśvaras

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Elaine M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Academic Practice ◽  
The Common ◽  
Popular Work ◽  
First Time

This article makes the case that Vīraśaivism emerged in direct textual continuity with the tantric traditions of the Śaiva Age. In academic practice up through the present day, the study of Śaivism, through Sanskrit sources, and bhakti Hinduism, through the vernacular, are generally treated as distinct disciplines and objects of study. As a result, Vīraśaivism has yet to be systematically approached through a philological analysis of its precursors from earlier Śaiva traditions. With this aim in mind, I begin by documenting for the first time that a thirteenth-century Sanskrit work of what I have called the Vīramāheśvara textual corpus, the Somanāthabhāṣya or Vīramāheśvarācārasāroddhārabhāṣya, was most likely authored by Pālkurikĕ Somanātha, best known for his vernacular Telugu Vīraśaiva literature. Second, I outline the indebtedness of the early Sanskrit and Telugu Vīramāheśvara corpus to a popular work of early lay Śaivism, the Śivadharmaśāstra, with particular attention to the concepts of the jaṅgama and the iṣṭaliṅga. That the Vīramāheśvaras borrowed many of their formative concepts and practices directly from the Śivadharmaśāstra and other works of the Śaiva Age, I argue, belies the common assumption that Vīraśaivism originated as a social and religious revolution.

scholarly journals Influence of Whey Protein Micro-Gel Particles and Whey Protein Micro-Gel Particles-Xanthan Gum Complexes on the Stability of O/W Emulsions

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2301
Author(s):  
Man Zhang ◽  
Bin Liang ◽  
Hongjun He ◽  
Changjian Ji ◽  
Tingting Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Gel Particles ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Appropriate pretreatment of proteins and addition of xanthan gum (XG) has the potential to improve the stability of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. However, the factors that regulate the enhancement and the mechanism are still not clear, which restricts the realization of improving the emulsion stability by directional design of its structure. Therefore, the effects of whey protein micro-gel particles (WPMPs) and WPMPs-XG complexes on the stability of O/W emulsion were investigated in this article to provide theoretical support. WPMPs with different structures were prepared by pretreatment (controlled high-speed shear treatment of heat-set WPC gels) at pH 3.5–8.5. The impact of initial WPC structure and XG addition on Turbiscan Indexes, mean droplet size and the peroxide values of O/W emulsions was investigated. The results indicate that WPMPs and XG can respectively inhibit droplet coalescence and gravitational separation to improve the physical stability of WPC-stabilized O/W emulsions. The pretreatment significantly enhanced the oxidative stability of WPC-stabilized O/W emulsions. The addition of XG did not necessarily enhance the oxidative stability of O/W emulsions. Whether the oxidative stability of the O/W emulsion with XG is increased or decreased depends on the interface structure of the protein-XG complex. This study has significant implications for the development of novel structures containing lipid phases that are susceptible to oxidation.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization at the species and symbiovar level of indigenous rhizobial isolates nodulating Phaseolus vulgaris in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evdoxia Efstathiadou ◽  
Georgia Ntatsi ◽  
Dimitrios Savvas ◽  
Anastasia P. Tampakaki
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phylogenetic Affiliation ◽  
Rhizobial Inoculation ◽  
Rhizobial Species ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Rhizobial Isolates

AbstractPhaseolus vulgaris (L.), commonly known as bean or common bean, is considered a promiscuous legume host since it forms nodules with diverse rhizobial species and symbiovars. Most of the common bean nodulating rhizobia are mainly affiliated to the genus Rhizobium, though strains belonging to Ensifer, Pararhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, and Burkholderia have also been reported. This is the first report on the characterization of bean-nodulating rhizobia at the species and symbiovar level in Greece. The goals of this research were to isolate and characterize rhizobia nodulating local common bean genotypes grown in five different edaphoclimatic regions of Greece with no rhizobial inoculation history. The genetic diversity of the rhizobial isolates was assessed by BOX-PCR and the phylogenetic affiliation was assessed by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of housekeeping and symbiosis-related genes. A total of fifty fast-growing rhizobial strains were isolated and representative isolates with distinct BOX-PCR fingerpriniting patterns were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The strains were closely related to R. anhuiense, R. azibense, R. hidalgonense, R. sophoriradicis, and to a putative new genospecies which is provisionally named as Rhizobium sp. I. Most strains belonged to symbiovar phaseoli carrying the α-, γ-a and γ-b alleles of nodC gene, while some of them belonged to symbiovar gallicum. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that strains assigned to R. sophoriradicis and harbored the γ-b allele were found in European soils. All strains were able to re-nodulate their original host, indicating that they are true microsymbionts of common bean.

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