scholarly journals Allicin and Digestive System Cancers: From Chemical Structure to Its Therapeutic Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahshad Sarvizadeh ◽  
Omid Hasanpour ◽  
Zari Naderi Ghale-Noie ◽  
Samaneh Mollazadeh ◽  
Mohammad Rezaei ◽  
...  

Digestive system cancer tumors are one of the major causes of cancer-related fatalities; the vast majority of them are colorectal or gastric malignancies. Epidemiological evidence confirmed that allium-containing food, such as garlic, reduces the risk of developing malignancies. Among all compounds in garlic, allicin has been most researched, as it contains sulfur and produces many second degradation compounds, such as sulfur dioxide, diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), and diallyl disulfide (DADS) in the presence of enzymatic reactions in gastric juice. These substances have shown anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer efficacy, including gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, leukemia, and skin cancers. Herein, we summarize the therapeutic potential of allicin in the treatment of GI cancers.

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ao Shang ◽  
Shi-Yu Cao ◽  
Xiao-Yu Xu ◽  
Ren-You Gan ◽  
Guo-Yi Tang ◽  
...  

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a widely consumed spice in the world. Garlic contains diverse bioactive compounds, such as allicin, alliin, diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, ajoene, and S-allyl-cysteine. Substantial studies have shown that garlic and its bioactive constituents exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, immunomodulatory, cardiovascular protective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, digestive system protective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, neuroprotective, and renal protective properties. In this review, the main bioactive compounds and important biological functions of garlic are summarized, highlighting and discussing the relevant mechanisms of actions. Overall, garlic is an excellent natural source of bioactive sulfur-containing compounds and has promising applications in the development of functional foods or nutraceuticals for the prevention and management of certain diseases.


2021 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Badran ◽  
Joelle Mesmar ◽  
Nadine Wehbe ◽  
Riham El Kurdi ◽  
Digambara Patra ◽  
...  

: Breast cancer remains one of the most common cancers in women worldwide, and despite significant improvements in treatment modalities, the prognosis of this cancer is still poor. Herbs and plant extracts have been associated with various health benefits, and traditional folk medicine is still receiving great interest among patients as proven by accumulated records, tolerable side effects of herbal compounds compared to their synthetic counterparts, and low cost. Curcumin is a polyphenol identified as the main active ingredient in turmeric and has been used in the treatment of various diseases and ailments. Additionally, the pharmacological activities of curcumin on many cancers have been investigated substantially due to its ability to regulate many signaling pathways involved in cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the low solubility and bioavailability of curcumin limit its benefits, urging the need for new curcumin formulations and delivery systems. Nanotechnology has been widely publicized in cancer treatment not only to overcome the limitations of poorly soluble and physiologically unstable compounds but also to improve the delivery of the drug to the diseased site and cellular uptake. In this review, we summarized the main anti-tumor effect of curcumin and its mode of action on breast cancer and focused on the anticancer efficacy of various and recent curcumin nanoformulations and delivery systems. Such nanotechnological systems could pave the way to address a new future direction in this research area, enhancing the therapeutic potential of curcumin in the treatment of breast cancer. In the next few years, there will be more focus on developing curcumin-based materials for breast cancer treatment.


Author(s):  
HARMITA HARMITA ◽  
HERMAN SURYADI ◽  
LIDWINA DEVIANI LIKASA

Objective: The purpose of this research was to optimize and validate a method for measuring the levels of diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide(DATS) in garlic and single clove garlic.Methods: The analysis was performed using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with an HP-1 column and a flame ionization detector. The initialcolumn temperature was set at 140°C and increased at 1°C/min to 180°C. The injector and detector temperatures were set to 200°C, the carrier gasflow rate was 0.80 mL/min, and the injection volume was 1.0 μL. The optimized conditions of analysis were then validated which included selectivity,linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ).Results: Using the validated assay and a concentration range of 0.5–20 μg/mL, the coefficient of correlation (r) for DADS was 0.9999 and the LODand LOQ for DADS were 0.3063 μg/mL and 1.0210 μg/mL, respectively. Using the validated assay and a concentration range of 0.5–20 μg/mL, thecoefficient of correlation for DATS was 0.9999 and the LOD and LOQ for DATS were 0.1986 μg/mL and 0.6621 μg/mL, respectively. The percentage ofrecovery was in the range of 98.05–101.76% and coefficient of variation ≤ 2%.Conclusion: This GC method accurately measures the levels of DADS and DATS in garlic.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mosca ◽  
Francesca Vitiello ◽  
Alessandra Coppola ◽  
Luigi Borzacchiello ◽  
Concetta Paola Ilisso ◽  
...  

The present review summarizes the most recent studies focusing on the synergistic antitumor effect of the physiological methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) in association with the main drugs used against breast cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), two highly aggressive and metastatic malignancies. In these two tumors the chemotherapy approach is recommended as the first choice despite the numerous side effects and recurrence of metastasis, so better tolerated treatments are needed to overcome this problem. In this regard, combination therapy with natural compounds, such as AdoMet, a molecule with pleiotropic effects on multiple cellular processes, is emerging as a suitable strategy to achieve synergistic anticancer efficacy. In this context, the analysis of studies conducted in the literature highlighted AdoMet as one of the most effective and promising chemosensitizing agents to be taken into consideration for inclusion in emerging antitumor therapeutic modalities such as nanotechnologies.


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