scholarly journals Research Progress on Circular RNA in Glioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyu Chen ◽  
Chunyan Yan ◽  
Xihe Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Cyclic Structure ◽  
Original Function ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Potential Biomarker

The discovery of circular RNA (circRNA) greatly complements the traditional gene expression theory. CircRNA is a class of non-coding RNA with a stable cyclic structure. They are highly expressed, spatiotemporal-specific and conservative across species. Importantly, circRNA participates in the occurrence of many kinds of tumors and regulates the tumor development. Glioma is featured by limited therapy and grim prognosis. Cancer-associated circRNA compromises original function or creates new effects in glioma, thus contributing to oncogenesis. Therefore, this article reviews the biogenesis, metabolism, functions and properties of circRNA as a novel potential biomarker for gliomas. We elaborate the expression characteristics, interaction between circRNA and other molecules, aiming to identify new targets for early diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.

NOB1: A Potential Biomarker or Target in Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1081-1089
Author(s):  
Weiwei Ke ◽  
Zaiming Lu ◽  
Xiangxuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Human NIN1/RPN12 binding protein 1 homolog (NOB1), an RNA binding protein, is expressed ubiquitously in normal tissues such as the lung, liver, and spleen. Its core physiological function is to regulate protease activities and participate in maintaining RNA metabolism and stability. NOB1 is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including pancreatic cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate carcinoma, osteosarcoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and glioma. Although existing data indicate that NOB1 overexpression is associated with cancer growth, invasion, and poor prognosis, the molecular mechanisms behind these effects and its exact roles remain unclear. Several studies have confirmed that NOB1 is clinically relevant in different cancers, and further research at the molecular level will help evaluate the role of NOB1 in tumors. NOB1 has become an attractive target in anticancer therapy because it is overexpressed in many cancers and mediates different stages of tumor development. Elucidating the role of NOB1 in different signaling pathways as a potential cancer treatment will provide new ideas for existing cancer treatment methods. This review summarizes the research progress made into NOB1 in cancer in the past decade; this information provides valuable clues and theoretical guidance for future anticancer therapy by targeting NOB1.

scholarly journals Regulatory Non-coding RNAs for Death Associated Protein Kinase Family

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingshui Wang ◽  
Youyu Lin ◽  
Wenting Zhong ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Yao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Invasion And Metastasis ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Death Associated Protein Kinase ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

The death associated protein kinases (DAPKs) are a family of calcium dependent serine/threonine kinases initially identified in the regulation of apoptosis. Previous studies showed that DAPK family members, including DAPK1, DAPK2 and DAPK3 play a crucial regulatory role in malignant tumor development, in terms of cell apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that non-coding RNAs, including microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circRNA, are involved in the regulation of gene expression and tumorigenesis. Recent studies indicated that non-coding RNAs participate in the regulation of DAPKs. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge of non-coding RNAs, as well as the potential miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs, that are involved in the regulation of DAPKs.

scholarly journals CIRCULAR RNA – miRNA MEDIATED INTERACTION IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 3793-3798
Author(s):  
Yordanka Doneva ◽  
◽  
Veselin Valkov ◽  
Yavor Kashlov ◽  
Galya Mihaylova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Circular Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Circular RNA (circRNAs) belong to the long non-coding RNA family, but unlike the linear RNA in circular RNA, the 3’ and 5’ end in the RNA molecule are joined together, forming their circular structure. Until recently, circRNAs have been believed to be a side product of splicing, but now it is known that they have a wide range of biological functions, from regulators of gene expression to regulators of other non-coding RNAs - microRNAs (miRNAs). CircRNAs have the potential of being therapeutic targets and biomarkers for diseases. There are little data and only several investigations about this type of RNAs in myocardial infarction in humans. This review summarizes the role of some new circRNA – miRNA interactions in the development of Myocardial Infarction.

scholarly journals PTAFR Exaggerates Microglia-Mediated Microenvironment via IL10-STAT3 Signaling: A Novel Perspective on Potential Biomarker and Target for AD Diagnosis and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxiu Liu ◽  
Linchi Jiao ◽  
Xin Zhong ◽  
Weifan Yao ◽  
Ke Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Huperzine A ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Stat3 Signaling ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Highly Expressed Genes ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background: Early diagnosis and effective intervention become the key points for delaying Alzheimer’s progression. Therefore, we aim to find new biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer (AD) by bioinformatics, and to reveal the possible mechanisms. Methods and results: GSE1297, GSE63063, and GSE110226 in the GEO database were used to screen out the differentially highly expressed genes. We found out a potential biomarker PTAFR differentially highly expressed in the brain tissue, peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients. Furthermore, we found higher PTAFR level in the plasma and brain tissues of APP/PS1 mice. Simultaneously, it was uncovered that PTAFR mediated the inflammatory response to exaggerate microenvironment specially mediated by microglia through the IL10-STAT3 pathway. In addition, we also found PTAFR was a possible target for some anti-AD compounds such as EGCG, donepezil, curcumin, memantine, and Huperzine A.Conclusions: PTAFR was a potential biomarker for early AD diagnosis and treatment correlated with microglia-mediated microenvironment, and an important possible target to make novel strategy for clinical treatment and new drug discovery in AD.

Research Progress on lncRNA Functions and Mechanisms in Pituitary Adenomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (05) ◽  
pp. 280-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu Du ◽  
De-shan Yao ◽  
You-wei Wang ◽  
Cheng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

AbstractDespite being the most common human neuroendocrine tumor, the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas (PAs) is still unclear. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, and has been shown to play a key role in the process of tumor instigation and development by affecting the proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and metastasis of tumor cells. Therefore, lncRNAs may be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers of tumors. In this paper, the effect of lncRNA on the onset and progression of PAs is reviewed so as to provide a profound understanding of its pathogenesis and clinical reference for the early diagnosis of PAs.

scholarly journals Long non-coding RNA growth arrest specific-5: a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of severe asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1960-1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Wu ◽  
Bin Gu ◽  
Yan Qian ◽  
Yun Sun ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Growth Arrest ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

scholarly journals Progress of MRI Radiomics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Qin Gong ◽  
Yun-Yun Tao ◽  
Yao–Kun Wu ◽  
Ning Liu ◽  
Xi Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Microvascular Invasion ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
High Throughput Imaging

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Although the diagnostic scheme of HCC is currently undergoing refinement, the prognosis of HCC is still not satisfactory. In addition to certain factors, such as tumor size and number and vascular invasion displayed on traditional imaging, some histopathological features and gene expression parameters are also important for the prognosis of HCC patients. However, most parameters are based on postoperative pathological examinations, which cannot help with preoperative decision-making. As a new field, radiomics extracts high-throughput imaging data from different types of images to build models and predict clinical outcomes noninvasively before surgery, rendering it a powerful aid for making personalized treatment decisions preoperatively.ObjectiveThis study reviewed the workflow of radiomics and the research progress on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.MethodsA literature review was conducted by searching PubMed for search of relevant peer-reviewed articles published from May 2017 to June 2021.The search keywords included HCC, MRI, radiomics, deep learning, artificial intelligence, machine learning, neural network, texture analysis, diagnosis, histopathology, microvascular invasion, surgical resection, radiofrequency, recurrence, relapse, transarterial chemoembolization, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, therapeutic response, and prognosis.ResultsRadiomics features on MRI can be used as biomarkers to determine the differential diagnosis, histological grade, microvascular invasion status, gene expression status, local and systemic therapeutic responses, and prognosis of HCC patients.ConclusionRadiomics is a promising new imaging method. MRI radiomics has high application value in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

scholarly journals Degradation of non-coding RNAs promotes recycling of termination factors at sites of transcription

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Villa ◽  
Mara Barucco ◽  
Maria-Jose Martin-Niclos ◽  
Alain Jacquier ◽  
Domenico Libri
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Transcription Termination ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Steady State Levels ◽  
Nuclear Exosome ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

SUMMARYA large share of the non-coding transcriptome in yeast is controlled by the Nrd1-Nab3-Sen1 (NNS) complex, which promotes transcription termination of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes, and by the nuclear exosome, which limits the steady state levels of the transcripts produced. How unconstrained ncRNA levels impact RNA metabolism and gene expression are longstanding and important question. Here we show that degradation of ncRNAs by the exosome is required for freeing Nrd1 and Nab3 from the released transcript after termination. In exosome mutants, these factors are sequestered by ncRNAs and cannot be efficiently recycled to sites of transcription, inducing termination defects at NNS targets. ncRNA-dependent, genome-wide termination defects can be recapitulated by the expression of a degradation-resistant, circular RNA containing a natural NNS target in exosome proficient cells. Our results have important implications for the mechanism of termination, the general impact of ncRNAs abundance and the importance of nuclear ncRNA degradation.

scholarly journals The Biomarker and Therapeutic Potential of Circular Rnas in Schizophrenia

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2238
Author(s):  
Artem Nedoluzhko ◽  
Natalia Gruzdeva ◽  
Fedor Sharko ◽  
Sergey Rastorguev ◽  
Natalia Zakharova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Non Coding Rna

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous, single-stranded, most frequently non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that play a significant role in gene expression regulation. Circular RNAs can affect microRNA functionality, interact with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), translate proteins by themselves, and directly or indirectly modulate gene expression during different cellular processes. The affected expression of circRNAs, as well as their targets, can trigger a cascade of events in the genetic regulatory network causing pathological conditions. Recent studies have shown that altered circular RNA expression patterns could be used as biomarkers in psychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia (SZ); moreover, circular RNAs together with other cell molecules could provide new insight into mechanisms of this disorder. In this review, we focus on the role of circular RNAs in the pathogenesis of SZ and analyze their biomarker and therapeutic potential in this disorder.

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