scholarly journals Combination of Anlotinib and Celecoxib for the Treatment of Abdominal Desmoid Tumor: A Case Report and Literature Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzheng Wang ◽  
Hongle Li ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Qingli Li ◽  
Xuanye Bai ◽  
...  

Desmoid tumor is a rare disease, which is histologically characterized by local invasion, monoclonality, and fibroblast proliferation; and clinically characterized by a variable and often unpredictable course. The treatment of desmoid tumor is mainly surgical resection, but the recurrence rate is high. In recent years, a variety of treatment methods, including endocrine therapy, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, targeted drugs, interferon and more, have been used and achieved certain curative effects. In addition, in view of the inertia characteristics of desmoid tumor, observation is also a first-line scheme recommended by multiple guidelines. In the past, the research progress of targeted therapy for desmoid tumor is relatively slow and the curative effect is limited. Thus, targeted therapy is usually used as a remedial treatment after the failure of other conventional treatment methods. However, in recent years, with the rapid progress in the basic research of targeted therapy, some new targeted drugs are increasingly used for the clinical treatment of desmoid tumor and have achieved good results. Herein, we described a patient with aggressive fibromatosis in the abdominal cavity. Following a combined treatment using anlotinib and celecoxib, the patient achieved a partial response with mild toxicity. Simultaneously, the patient’s pain symptoms completely disappeared. This case indicates that the combination of anlotinib and NSAIDs could be an effective treatment for desmoid tumor.

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 996-1008
Author(s):  
Mengli Wang ◽  
Qiuzheng Du ◽  
Lihua Zuo ◽  
Peng Xue ◽  
Chao Lan ◽  
...  

Background: As a new tumor therapy, targeted therapy is becoming a hot topic due to its high efficiency and low toxicity. Drug effects of targeted tumor drugs are closely related to pharmacokinetics, so it is important to understand their distribution and metabolism in vivo. Methods: A systematic review of the literature on the metabolism and distribution of targeted drugs over the past 20 years was conducted, and the pharmacokinetic parameters of approved targeted drugs were summarized in combination with the FDA's drug instructions. Targeting drugs are divided into two categories: small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. Novel targeting drugs and their mechanisms of action, which have been developed in recent years, are summarized. The distribution and metabolic processes of each drug in the human body are reviewed. Results: In this review, we found that the distribution and metabolism of small molecule kinase inhibitors (TKI) and monoclonal antibodies (mAb) showed different characteristics based on the differences of action mechanism and molecular characteristics. TKI absorbed rapidly (Tmax ≈ 1-4 h) and distributed in large amounts (Vd > 100 L). It was mainly oxidized and reduced by cytochrome P450 CYP3A4. However, due to the large molecular diameter, mAb was distributed to tissues slowly, and the volume of distribution was usually very low (Vd < 10 L). It was mainly hydrolyzed and metabolized into peptides and amino acids by protease hydrolysis. In addition, some of the latest drugs are still in clinical trials, and the in vivo process still needs further study. Conclusion: According to the summary of the research progress of the existing targeting drugs, it is found that they have high specificity, but there are still deficiencies in drug resistance and safety. Therefore, the development of safer and more effective targeted drugs is the future research direction. Meanwhile, this study also provides a theoretical basis for clinical accurate drug delivery.


BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e044543
Author(s):  
Shuhang Wang ◽  
Hui-Yao Huang ◽  
Dawei Wu ◽  
Hong Fang ◽  
Jianming Ying ◽  
...  

IntroductionLimited clinical studies have been conducted on rare solid tumours, and there are few guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment, including experiences with targeted therapy and immunotherapy, of rare solid tumours in China, resulting in limited treatment options and poor outcomes. This study first proposes a definition of rare tumours and is designed to test the preliminary efficacy of targeted and immunotherapy drugs for the treatment of rare tumours.Methods and analysisThis is a phase II, open-label, non-randomised, multiarm, single-centre clinical trial in patients with advanced rare solid tumours who failed standard treatment; the study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of targeted drugs in patients with advanced rare solid tumours with corresponding actionable alterations, as well as the safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint (programmed death receptor inhibitor 1, PD-1) inhibitors in patients with advanced rare solid tumours without actionable alterations. Patients with advanced rare tumours who fail standardised treatment and carry actionable alterations (Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, ALK gene fusions, ROS-1 gene fusions, C-MET gene amplifications/mutations, BRAF mutations, CDKN2A mutations, BRCA1/2 mutations, HER-2 mutations/overexpressions/amplifications or C-KIT mutations) will be enrolled in the targeted therapy arm and be given the corresponding targeted drugs. Patients without actionable alterations will be enrolled in the PD-1 inhibitor arm and be treated with sintilimab. After the patients treated with vemurafenib, niraparib and palbociclib acquire resistance, they will receive combination treatment with sintilimab or atezolizumab. With the use of Simon’s two-stage Minimax design, and the sample size was estimated to be 770. The primary endpoint of this study is the objective response rate. The secondary endpoints are progression-free survival in the targeted treatment group and single-agent immunotherapy group; the duration of response in the targeted therapy and single-agent immunotherapy groups; durable clinical benefit in the single-agent immunotherapy group; and the incidence of adverse events.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (ID: 20/132-2328). The results from this study will be actively disseminated through manuscript publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numbersNCT04423185; ChiCTR2000039310.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Sun ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Rui-Yun Peng

AbstractWith the rapid development of terahertz technologies, basic research and applications of terahertz waves in biomedicine have attracted increasing attention. The rotation and vibrational energy levels of biomacromolecules fall in the energy range of terahertz waves; thus, terahertz waves might interact with biomacromolecules. Therefore, terahertz waves have been widely applied to explore features of the terahertz spectrum of biomacromolecules. However, the effects of terahertz waves on biomacromolecules are largely unexplored. Although some progress has been reported, there are still numerous technical barriers to clarifying the relation between terahertz waves and biomacromolecules and to realizing the accurate regulation of biological macromolecules by terahertz waves. Therefore, further investigations should be conducted in the future. In this paper, we reviewed terahertz waves and their biomedical research advantages, applications of terahertz waves on biomacromolecules and the effects of terahertz waves on biomacromolecules. These findings will provide novel ideas and methods for the research and application of terahertz waves in the biomedical field.


2021 ◽  
pp. 194338752110225
Author(s):  
Kathia Dubron ◽  
Maarten Verbist ◽  
Eman Shaheen ◽  
Titiaan Jacob Dormaar ◽  
Reinhilde Jacobs ◽  
...  

Study Design: Retrospective study. Objective: Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures are common facial injuries with heterogeneity regarding aetiologies, fracture types, infraorbital nerve (ION) involvement, and treatment methods. The aim of this study was to identify associations between aetiologies, fracture types, and neurological complications. Additionally, treatment methods and recovery time were investigated. Methods: Medical files of 272 patients with unilateral and bilateral ZMC fractures were reviewed, whose cases were managed from January 2014 to January 2019 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University hospitals Leuven, Belgium. History of ION sensory dysfunction and facial nerve motoric dysfunction were noted during follow-up. Results: ION hypoaesthesia incidence was 37.3%, with the main causes being fall accidents, road traffic accidents, and interpersonal violence. Significant predictors of ION hypoaesthesia were Zingg type B fractures ( P = 0.003), fracture line course through the infraorbital canal ( P < .001), orbital floor fracture ( P < 0.001), and ZMC dislocation or mobility ( P = 0.001). Conclusion: Of all ZMC fractures, 37.3% exhibited ION hypoaesthesia. Only ZMC Zingg type B fractures (74.0%) were significantly more associated with ION hypoaesthesia. ION hypoesthesia was more likely (OR = 2.707) when the fracture line course ran through the infraorbital canal, and was less dependent on the degree of displacement. Neuropathic pain symptoms developed after ZMC fractures in 2.2% patients, posing a treatment challenge. Neuropathic pain symptoms were slightly more common among women, and were associated only with type B or C fractures. No other parameters were found to predict the outcome of this post-traumatic neuropathic pain condition.


2021 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
А.Е. ЖУМАКАНОВА ◽  
А.Р. ИБРАГИМОВА ◽  
Г.О. УСТЕНОВА

Таргетные методы лечения рака - это лекарства, нацеленные на определенные части раковых клеток, такие как белки или гены, которые способствуют росту и распространению раковых клеток. Трагетная терапия при определенных типах раках является эффективной. При некоторых типах рака таргетная терапия может работать лучше, чем другие методы лечения. От английского target - цель, мишень. Природа таргетных лекарств очень специфична и при разработке они направляются под конкретный мутировавший ген раковой клетки определенного вида опухолевого новообразования. В настоящий момент разными странами разработаны эффективные таргетные препараты для лечения различных генетических форм рака молочной железы, множественной миеломы, лимфомы, рака предстательной железы, меланомы, сарком мягких тканей [1]. Targeted cancer treatments are medicaments that target specific parts of cancer cells, such as proteins or genes that growing power and spread of cancer cells. Targeted therapy for certain types of cancers is effective. For some types of cancer, targeted therapy may work better than other treatments. The nature of targeted drugs is very specific and when developed, they are directed to a specific mutated gene of a cancer cell of a certain type of tumor. Currently, different countries have developed effective targeted drugs for the treatment of various genetic forms of breast cancer, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, prostate cancer, melanoma, soft tissue sarcomas.


2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Yung-Tse Hung ◽  
Abhiram Pamula ◽  
Howard Paul

Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewater is essential both from the environmental and human health point of view. A small concentration of synthetic dyes can reduce water transparency and consequently influence photosynthesis and alter aquatic ecosystems. Acid black 48 is an Azo dye that falls under the category of synthetic dyes used in the textile industry. With dyes, coffee wastewater has high chemical oxygen demand (COD) that can affect dissolved oxygen (DO) in surface waters. A mixture of wastes in surface waters creates a need to investigate the efficiency of existing treatment methods and optimize them. Adsorption using activated carbon is a conventional method used to remove dyes and heavy metals from wastewater. Industries prefer efficient and economical treatment methods to meet challenging effluent standards regarding COD, BOD, and intensity of color. The adsorption process was optimized using low-cost adsorbents in the current study, including peanut hull and onion peel, to treat a binary mixture of acid black 48 and coffee wastewater. After adsorption, microfiltration was used to remove any suspended solids from the wastewater solution. The performance of combined treatment processes for the color removal of the binary mixture was analyzed and compared using transmittance and absorbance. Treatment efficiency of adsorption using low-cost adsorbents was compared with powdered activated carbon. Apart from absorbance and transmittance, non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC) values were analyzed to determine organic carbon removal in the combined binary wastewater. Experimental results indicated that Langmuir isotherm was the best fit for a binary mixture with an optimum dosage of 1.2 g using onion peel. The regression coefficient value was 0.82, and the uptake was 58.13 mg of binary mixture per 1 g of onion peel. The effective pH for maximum uptake of acid black 48 using onion peel for adsorption was 5.7. The increasing dosage of low-cost adsorbents adsorption improved in removing binary waste of dyes and coffee waste from wastewater. Adsorption using onion peel improved adsorbent performance up to 1.2 g dosage and steadily decreased beyond that. The adsorption capacity of onion peel was comparatively higher than the peanut hull based on the linear fit.


Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2218
Author(s):  
Sabrina Rizzolio ◽  
Simona Corso ◽  
Silvia Giordano ◽  
Luca Tamagnone

Melanoma cells addicted to mutated BRAF oncogene activity can be targeted by specific kinase inhibitors until they develop resistance to therapy. We observed that the expression of Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a soluble ligand of Neuropilin-1 (NRP1), is upregulated in melanoma tumor samples and melanoma cells resistant to BRAF-targeted therapy. We then demonstrated that Gal-1 is a novel driver of resistance to BRAF inhibitors in melanoma and that its activity is linked to the concomitant upregulation of the NRP1 receptor observed in drug-resistant cells. Mechanistically, Gal-1 sustains increased expression of NRP1 and EGFR in drug-resistant melanoma cells. Moreover, consistent with its role as a NRP1 ligand, Gal-1 negatively controls p27 levels, a mechanism previously found to enable EGFR upregulation in cancer cells. Finally, the combined treatment with a Gal-1 inhibitor and a NRP1 blocking drug enabled resistant melanoma cell resensitization to BRAF-targeted therapy. In summary, we found that the activation of Galectin-1/NRP1 autocrine signaling is a new mechanism conferring independence from BRAF kinase activity to oncogene-addicted melanoma cells.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document