scholarly journals Etiologies of Hospitalized Acute Bronchiolitis in Children 2 Years of Age and Younger: A 3 Years' Study During a Pertussis Epidemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sainan Chen ◽  
Yuqing Wang ◽  
Anrong Li ◽  
Wujun Jiang ◽  
Qiuyan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Acute Bronchiolitis ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Objective: In recent years, the incidence of Bordetella pertussis infection in infants and young children has been increasing. Multiple studies have suggested that B. pertussis may be one of the pathogens of bronchiolitis in infants and young children. However, the prevalence and clinic characteristic of B. pertussis in bronchiolitis is controversial. This prospective descriptive study evaluated the prevalence and clinical manifestations of infants and young children hospitalized for bronchiolitis with B. pertussis.Methods: Children hospitalized with bronchiolitis were eligible for a prospective study for 36 months from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. Besides B. pertussis, 10 common respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) were confirmed by laboratory tests. Medical records of patients were reviewed for demographic, clinical characteristics, and laboratory examination.Results: A total of 1,092 patients with bronchiolitis were admitted. B. pertussis was detected in 78/1,092 (7.1%) patients. Of the 78 patients with B. pertussis bronchiolitis, coinfections occurred in 45 (57.7%) patients, most frequently with human rhinovirus (28/78, 35.9%), followed by MP (9/78, 11.4%), and human bocavirus (6/78, 7.7%). The peak incidence of B. pertussis infection was in May. A high leukocyte count could help distinguish B. pertussis–associated acute bronchiolitis from other acute bronchiolitis etiologies. After excluding coinfections, children with B. pertussis–only bronchiolitis exhibited a milder clinical presentation than those with RSV-only infection; also, children with MP-only and other pathogen infections revealed similar severity. The morbidity of B. pertussis was common (31/78, 39.7%) in infants with bronchiolitis under 3 months.Conclusion: In summary, B. pertussis is one of the pathogens in children with bronchiolitis, and coinfection of B. pertussis with other viruses is common in bronchiolitis. B. pertussis should be considered when patients hospitalized with bronchiolitis present a longer course and have an elevated leukocyte count. Patients with B. pertussis–associated bronchiolitis present a milder clinical presentation.

Acute Bronchiolitis: A Study of 207 Cases

1962 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Ackerman
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Acute Bronchiolitis ◽  
Respiratory Difficulty ◽  
Respiratory Embarrassment ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Acute bronchiolitis is an important clinical syndrome seen in infants and young children. It is most common in infants between the ages of two and seven months. The disease is characterized by recurrent epidemics during which a large number of cases are seen over a period of one to two months. The presenting history is usually dominated by the symptom of cough. Physical examination reveals an acutely ill infant with a characteristic cough, labored respirations, an emphysematous chest, and high-pitched expiratory wheezes. The clinical course is typically characterized by severe respiratory difficulty for one to two days followed by sudden improvement. Respiratory embarrassment is sometimes extreme and on rare occasions fatal. The etiology most often appears to be infection with a viral agent.

scholarly journals Case Report: Prolapsed Ureterocele—A Differential Diagnosis of Urethral Cists

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Francisco Renan Doth Sales ◽  
Georgia Alexsandra Colantonio Dourado ◽  
Ana Carolina Montes Ribeiro ◽  
Humberto de Holanda Madeira Barros ◽  
David Sucupira Cristino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Cystic Dilatation ◽  
Distal Ureter ◽  
Urethral Prolapse ◽  
Infants And Young Children ◽  
Vulvar Mass

Ureterocele is a cystic dilatation of submucosal distal ureter. It presents a higher incidence in infants and young children but is rare in adults. The urethral prolapse of ureterocele is extremely rare, and its clinical presentation includes vulvar mass, hematuria, and urinary tract dysfunction. We present a case of ureterocele prolapse in a 45-year-old woman who has a 3-day-evolution vulvar mass and intense urethral bleeding. The patient underwent armed cystoscopy and ureteroscopy, ureterocele resection, and biopsy. She evolved with good postoperative condition and was then discharged.

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation and Microarray Analysis of Peruvian Children with Atypical Development and/or Aberrant Behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merlin G. Butler ◽  
Kelly Usrey ◽  
Jennifer L. Roberts ◽  
Stephen R. Schroeder ◽  
Ann M. Manzardo
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Microarray Analysis ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Aberrant Behavior ◽  
Buccal Cells ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Infants And Young Children

We report our experience with high resolution microarray analysis in infants and young children with developmental disability and/or aberrant behavior enrolled at the Centro Ann Sullivan del Peru in Lima, Peru, a low income country. Buccal cells were collected with cotton swabs from 233 participants for later DNA isolation and identification of copy number variation (deletions/duplications) and regions of homozygosity (ROH) for estimating consanguinity status in 15 infants and young children (12 males, 3 females; mean age ± SD = 28.1 m ±   7.9 m; age range 14 m–41 m) randomly selected for microarray analysis. An adequate DNA yield was found in about one-half of the enrolled participants. Ten participants showed deletions or duplications containing candidate genes reported to impact behavior or cognitive development. Five children had ROHs which could have harbored recessive gene alleles contributing to their clinical presentation. The coefficient of inbreeding was calculated and three participants showed first-second cousin relationships, indicating consanguinity. Our preliminary study showed that DNA isolated from buccal cells using cotton swabs was suboptimal, but yet in a subset of participants the yield was adequate for high resolution microarray analysis and several genes were found that impact development and behavior and ROHs identified to determine consanguinity status.

scholarly journals Performance and safety of induced sputum procedure in young children in Malawi: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wongani John Nyangulu ◽  
Herbet Thole ◽  
Angella Chikhoza ◽  
Mike Msakwiza ◽  
James Nyirenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Induced Sputum ◽  
Post Procedure ◽  
Minute Post ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Respiratory Specimens ◽  
Infants And Young Children

AbstractBackground Collecting sputum specimens are a challenge in infants and young children. We assessed performance and safety of induced sputum (IS) collection in this population, embedded in a prospective study evaluating respiratory cryptosporidiosis in Malawian children with diarrheal disease. Methods We assessed sputum quality and correlation with detection of cryptosporidium, and evaluated safety and adverse events in 162 children. Results Among 159 stool specimens tested, 34 (21%, 95% CI 15.0 – 28%) were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. There were 160 IS and 161 nasopharyngeal (NP) specimens collected. The majority of IS specimens 122/147 (83%) were clear in appearance, and 132/147 (90%) were of good quality. Among the respiratory specimens tested, 10 (6.3%, 95% CI 2.5 – 10) IS and 4 (3% (95% CI 0 – 5)) NP were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. When stool cryptosporidium PCR was the gold standard, IS PCR sensitivity was higher (29 %, 95% CI 22 – 37) compared to NP PCR (12%, 95% CI 7 – 17) for detection of Cryptosporidium spp. One (0.4%) adverse event occurred, a drop in oxygen saturations at 30-minute post procedure evaluation. Consciousness – level, median respiratory rate and oxygen saturations were unchanged, before or after IS. Conclusions IS provides good quality specimens, is more sensitive than NP specimens for diagnosis of respiratory cryptosporidiosis, and collection can be done safely in children hospitalized with diarrheal disease.

Clinical Presentation of Diarrhea in Iranian Infants and Young Children during One Year

2006 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. S542-S543
Author(s):  
Naghmeh Jafarinia ◽  
Sven Lofdahl ◽  
Cheif Microbio ◽  
Babak Noorinayer ◽  
Nahid Arjmand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
One Year ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Toxicology of Lead: Primer for Analytical Chemists

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-952
Author(s):  
Garfield N Biddle
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Normal Hand ◽  
High Level ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Abstract Through the years, considerable amounts of Pb have been mobilized into our environment, and Pb may represent one of the most ubiquitous of all toxic metal contaminants. Excluding occupational exposure, the general population receives almost 70% of its total exposure to Pb from food. Other important sources of exposure include drinking water and air; minor sources include tobacco products, decorative glassware, and other types of food utensils. For young children, ingestion of Pb-containing soil or dust via normal hand-to-mouth activity or, in extreme cases, pica (the abnormal intake of soil, paint chips, etc.) may represent a significant source of exposure. The severity of clinical manifestations of Pb toxicity depends on both duration and intensity of exposure. Infants and young children are more susceptible to the effects of Pb than are adults. Although there is little debate over the serious consequences of acute, high-level Pb exposure, both controversy and concern have been expressed about the degree of risk that may be associated with chronic exposure to Pb levels that are closer to contemporary levels in the general environment. This concern is particularly high with regard to infants and young children, who may undergo Pb-induced changes that have long-term neurological impact (e.g., learning deficits, gross and/or fine motor dysfunction, impaired cognitive abilities).

scholarly journals Gambaran karakteristik gagal jantung pada bayi baru lahir di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode tahun 2013-2015

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reggie C. Gautama ◽  
Erling D. Kaunang ◽  
Suryadi N.N. Tatura
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Direct Bilirubin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breathing Difficulty ◽  
High Level

Abstract: Heart failure is one of the cardiovascular diseases to be the focus of attention. This study was aimed to obtain the characteristics of heart failure in newbornsat Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in 2013-2015. This was a retrospective descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using data of medical records in Department of Pediatrics and Medical Records Center of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. The results showed that there were 22 samples consisted of males 55% and females45%.Clinical manifestations were as follows: fever (68%), cyanosis (64%), and breathing difficulty (45%). The physical examinations that were taken into account were vital signs (pulse: 152.86 x/minute; respiration rate: 70.59 x/minute; body temperature: 36.86°C), anthropometry (body weight: 3495.45 grams), head examination (anemic conjunctiva: 9%; icteric sclera: 42%), lung examination (retraction: 95%, ronchi: 14%), and heart examination (pansystolic murmur: 82%; systolic ejection murmur: 14%). The supportive workups that were taken into account included echocardiography (VSD: 68%; ASD: 9%; ASD and VSD: 9%; other congenital heart diseases: 14%), chest X-ray (normal: 91%; infiltrate spots in both lungs: 9%), and laboratory tests (low Ht count 45%; low Hb count 55%; low platelet count 68%; high leukocyte count 73%; high level of total bilirubin 77%; high level of direct bilirubin 73%; electrolytes (within normal limit: calcium 50%; sodium 46%, potassium 68%; and chloride 54%). Conclusion: In this study, the most dominant gender was male, and the clinical manifestations as follows: fever, cyanosis, and breathing difficulty; physical examination as follows: tachycardia, tachypnea, hypothermia, hyperthermia, icteric sclera, prominent retraction, and pansystolic murmur. Meanwhile, in the supportive workups the most common manifestations were VSD in echocardiography, and the laboratory tests as follows: decreased hematocrit count, hemoglobin, and platelets, and increased leukocyte count, and total and direct bilirubin levels. Keywords: characteristics, heart failure, newborn infant Abstrak: Gagal jantung merupakan salah satu penyakit kardiovaskular yang menjadi fokus perhatian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik penderita gagal jantung pada bayi baru lahir di RSUP Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tahun 2013-2015.Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang menggunakan data rekam medik di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak dan Pusat Rekam Medik RSUP Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 22 sampel, terdiri dari sampel laki-laki sebanyak 55% dan perempuan 45%. Gambaran klinis berupa demam (68%), sianosis (64%) dan sesak napas (45%). Pemeriksaan fisik yang dinilai berupa tanda vital (nadi: 152,86x/menit; respirasi: 70,59x/menit; suhu: 36,860C), antropometri (berat badan: 3495,45 gram), pemeriksaan kepala (konjungtiva anemis: 9%; sklera ikterik: 42%), pemeriksaan paru-paru (retraksi: 95%; rhonki: 14%) dan pemeriksaan jantung (bising pansistolik: 82%; bising;ejeksi sistolik: 14%). Pemeriksaan penunjang ialah ekokardiografi (VSD: 68%; ASD: 9%; ASD dan VSD: 9%; PJB lainnya: 14%), foto toraks (normal: 91%; bercak infiltrat pada kedua lapang paru: 9%) dan pemeriksaan laboratorium (Ht rendah 45%; Hb rendah 55%; trombosit rendah 68%)leukosit tinggi 73%; kadar bilirubin total tinggi (77%); kadar bilirubin direk tinggi (73%); elektrolit (dalam batas normal: kalsium (50%), natrium (46%), kalium (68%), dan klorida (54%)) normal). Simpulan: Dalam studi ini yang terbanyak ditemukan ialah jenis kelamin laki-laki, temuan klinis demam, sianosis dan sesak napas, pemeriksaan fisik takikadia, takipneu, hipotermi dan hipertermi, sklera ikterik, retraksi, dan bising pansistolik.Pada pemeriksaan penunjang terbanyak ditemukan ialah VSD pada ekokardiografi dengan hasil laboratorium penurunan hematokrit, hemoglobin, dan trombosit serta peningkatan leukosit, bilirubin total, dan direk.Kata kunci: karakteristik, gagal jantung, bayi baru lahir

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document