scholarly journals Clinical Observation of the Correlation Between Overactive Bladder and Atopic Constitution in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zheng ◽  
Zhou Zhang ◽  
Ling Hou ◽  
Xiuli Wang ◽  
Kailei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

Objective: The present study aimed to analyze the risk factors correlated with overactive bladder (OAB), observe the effects of desloratadine in the treatment of OAB, and explore the correlation between OAB and atopic constitution in children.Methods: Correlation and binary logistic regression analysis of the medical data from 447 children clinically diagnosed with OAB from June 2019 to June 2020 were conducted. The data included a history of urticaria, eczema, itchy skin, and allergic rhinitis or allergic cough. The OABSS scores before and after treatment with desloratadine were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of desloratadine for OAB.Results: The risk factors for OAB in children included eczema, allergic rhinitis or allergic cough, itchy skin, and the levels of total blood IgE. Desloratadine was 96.5% effective in treating cases with risk factors including eczema, allergic rhinitis or allergic cough, and itchy skin. There existed statistical significance in the difference in OABSS scores before and after the treatment of desloratadine (P < 0.05).Conclusion: OAB in children was correlated with atopic manifestations such as eczema, itchy skin, allergic rhinitis, or allergic cough. Desloratadine was safe and effective in the treatment of OAB in children with atopic manifestations.

scholarly journals Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection Within One Year After Treatment in Infants: Risk Factors and Prevalence

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Yi Wang ◽  
Chao-Min Song ◽  
Guang-Hua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is common in pediatric patients. Many studies showed that recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs) are common in the year following treatment of MPP in infants, but the factors associated with the occurrence of RRTIs are rarely reported. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify these factors. Methods: This retrospective observational study included infants (< one year) who were clinically treated for MPP from January 2015 to December 2018. Clinical features and relevant data were collected on admission. The cases of the occurrence of RRTIs and the presence of related factors after one year of follow-up were investigated by questionnaires. The questionnaires contained the number of upper respiratory infections, tracheobronchitis, and pneumonia, the titers and course of MP-IgG and positive IgM antibody, eczema, pet ownership, interior decoration, inhaled or ingested allergens, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, and gastrointestinal function. Independent significant risk factors for RRTIs were identified using binary logistic regression. Results: A total of 300 MPP cases were included, among which RRTIs occurred in 134 (44.7%) cases in the year following MPP treatment. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that a history of prematurity (OR = 6.336, 95% CI: 2.337 - 17.116, P ≤ 0.001), a history of exposure to inhaled or ingested allergens (OR = 2.527, 95% CI: 1.289 - 4.956, P = 0.007), and co-infection involving Chlamydia pneumoniae (OR = 2.787, 95% CI: 1.145 - 6.784, P = 0.024) were significantly and positively associated with RRTIs after MPP, while age (OR = 0.894, 95% CI: 0.825 - 0.970, P = 0.007) showed a negative correlation with RRTIs. Conclusions: RRTIs in the year following clinical treatment of MPP in infants are relatively common and significantly associated with the patient’s age, history of prematurity, history of exposure to inhaled or ingested allergens, and C. pneumoniae co-infection. Thus, these factors should be carefully assessed in pediatric MPP cases to predict the risk of RRTIs and appropriately manage the patient.

scholarly journals Effects of tibolone on the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Jeremic ◽  
Gordana Lazovic ◽  
Ivan Tulic ◽  
Miroslava Gojnic ◽  
Jelena Stojnic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Background/Aim. Tibolone is a preparation that belongs to the group of steroidal substances. The effects of the use of the use of tibolone are the consequence of the activities of its metabolities, considering that their hormonal activity depends on the type of tissue in which they develop. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the use of tibolone on risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women. Methods. A prospective observational stady included 94 patients who had the concentration of l7? estradiol < 50 pg/ml, and who was in menopause more than a year. Out of the total number of patients, 63 accepted to receive tibolone 2.5 mg daily (tibolone group), while 31 of the patients refused to take tibolone (control group). We measured the concentration of lipids (cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglicerides), antitrombin III, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein, before and after the treatment within a 6-month period. Then, we compared the difference between the values of concentrations and tested the statistical significance of the difference. We also evaluated the changes of values in the concentrations of the examinated parameters inside a 6-month period in the control group. Results. In 31 patients of the control group, from the control group there were no significant changes in the values of the defined parameters as compared to their initial values after six months. But there were changes of statistical significance (p < 0.001) in values of the concentrations of the exeminated parameters before and after the treatment in the tibolone group. In fact, we recorded decreases in the total cholesterol by 17.8%, HDL cholesterol by 27%, LDL cholesterol by 4% (without statistical significance p > 0.05) and triglicerids by 35%. There were no statistical differences in the concentrations of antitrombin III, fibrionogen, and C-reactive proteine in the tibolone group before and after the treatment. Conclusion. The use of tibolone dose decrease the concentration of the total cholesterol, triglicerides, HDL cholesterol, without a significant decrease of LDL cholesterol. Also, the use of tibolone does not have any significant effect on the concentrations of antitrombin III, fibrinogen and C-reactive proteine. The number of serum parameters measured in this study was limited, thus that was the reason to discuss only about the metabolism of lipids in the patients from the tibolone group. The final conclusion about the risk for cardiovascular diseases in the patients on tibolone, howerer, reqnires were extensive further clinical exeminations.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors of brucellosis in livestock in the wildlife and livestock interface area of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Sujit Kumar Behera ◽  
Deepanker Das ◽  
K. Balasubramani ◽  
Savitha Chellappan ◽  
Kaushik Rajaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wildlife Reserve ◽  
Shed Light

Background and Aim: Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease that affects fertility in farm animals. The risk factors of brucellosis have not been well studied. This study aimed to understand the seroprevalence and risk factors of brucellosis among livestock in Bangriposi block of Mayurbhanj district in Odisha, a region that borders Similipal wildlife reserve. Materials and Methods: Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) was carried out to estimate the seroprevalence of the livestock in this region. Bivariate analysis was carried out to analyze the association between the variables and brucellosis. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the risk factors associated with brucellosis in the livestock. Results: Based on RBPT, the seroprevalence of brucellosis among cattle and goats was estimated to be 1.1% and 11.2%, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis indicates that study area, age, goats, animals with a history of abortion, and rearing practices were the major risk factors in this region. Conclusion: This is one of the first studies in India to shed light on risk factors of brucellosis, an important neglected disease that affects the health of animals and humans and nation's economy.

scholarly journals Prediction of Prehypertenison and Hypertension Based on Anthropometry, Blood Parameters, and Spirometry

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byeong Mun Heo ◽  
Keun Ho Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis

Hypertension and prehypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, the associations of both prehypertension and hypertension with anthropometry, blood parameters, and spirometry have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension in middle-aged Korean adults and to study prediction models of prehypertension and hypertension combined with anthropometry, blood parameters, and spirometry. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the statistical significance of prehypertension and hypertension, and prediction models were developed using logistic regression, naïve Bayes, and decision trees. Among all risk factors for prehypertension, body mass index (BMI) was identified as the best indicator in both men [odds ratio (OR) = 1.429, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.304–1.462)] and women (OR = 1.428, 95% CI = 1.204–1.453). In contrast, among all risk factors for hypertension, BMI (OR = 1.993, 95% CI = 1.818–2.186) was found to be the best indicator in men, whereas the waist-to-height ratio (OR = 2.071, 95% CI = 1.884–2.276) was the best indicator in women. In the prehypertension prediction model, men exhibited an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.635, and women exhibited a predictive power with an AUC of 0.777. In the hypertension prediction model, men exhibited an AUC of 0.700, and women exhibited an AUC of 0.845. This study proposes various risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension, and our findings can be used as a large-scale screening tool for controlling and managing hypertension.

scholarly journals Rupture Risk of Intracranial Aneurysm and Prediction of Hemorrhagic Stroke after Liver Transplant

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Hye-Mee Kwon ◽  
In-Gu Jun ◽  
Kyoung-Sun Kim ◽  
Young-Jin Moon ◽  
In Young Huh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Postoperative hemorrhagic stroke (HS) is a rare yet devastating complication after liver transplantation (LT). Unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) may contribute to HS; however, related data are limited. We investigated UIA prevalence and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and HS incidence post-LT. We identified risk factors for 1-year HS and constructed a prediction model. This study included 3544 patients who underwent LT from January 2008 to February 2019. Primary outcomes were incidence of SAH, HS, and mortality within 1-year post-LT. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis and Cox proportional hazard analysis were performed. The prevalence of UIAs was 4.63% (n = 164; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.95–5.39%). The 1-year SAH incidence was 0.68% (95% CI, 0.02–3.79%) in patients with UIA. SAH and HS incidence and mortality were not different between those with and without UIA before and after PSM. Cirrhosis severity, thrombocytopenia, inflammation, and history of SAH were identified as risk factors for 1-year HS. UIA presence was not a risk factor for SAH, HS, or mortality in cirrhotic patients post-LT. Given the fatal impact of HS, a simple scoring system was constructed to predict 1-year HS risk. These results enable clinical risk stratification of LT recipients with UIA and help assess perioperative HS risk before LT.

Incidence of postural headache after lumbar puncture requiring epidural blood patch: Effects of needle caliber; 2-year experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092110006
Author(s):  
Warren Chang ◽  
Ajla Kadribegic ◽  
Kate Denham ◽  
Matthew Kulzer ◽  
Tyson Tragon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Epidural Blood Patch ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Blood Patch ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

Purpose A common complication of lumbar puncture (LP) is postural headaches. Epidural blood patches are recommended if patients fail conservative management. Owing to a perceived increase in the number of post-lumbar puncture headaches (PLPHs) requiring epidural blood patches at a regional hospital in our network, the decision was made to switch from 20 to 22 gauge needles for routine diagnostic LPs. Materials and methods Patients presenting for LP and myelography at one network regional hospital were included in the study. The patients were contacted by nursing staff 3 days post-procedure; those patients who still had postural headaches after conservative management and received epidural blood patches were considered positive cases. In total, 292 patients were included; 134 underwent LP with 20-gauge needles (53 male, 81 female, average age 57.7) and 158 underwent LP with 22-gauge needles (79 male, 79 female, average age 54.6). Results Of 134 patients undergoing LP with 20-gauge needles, 15 (11%) had PLPH requiring epidural blood patch (11 female, 3 male, average age 38). Of 158 patients undergoing LP with 22-gauge needles, only 5 (3%) required epidural blood patches (all female, average age 43). The difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.01). Risk factors for PLPH included female gender, younger age, lower body mass index, history of prior PLPH and history of headaches. Conclusion Switching from 20-gauge to 22-gauge needles significantly decreased the incidence of PLPH requiring epidural blood patch. Narrower gauge or non-cutting needles should be considered in patients with risk factors for PLPH, allowing for CSF requirements.

Use of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio as a marker in patients with suspicious diaphragmatic attenuation artifact

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 706-710
Author(s):  
Kemal Göçer ◽  
Ahmet Çağrı Aykan ◽  
Bayram Öztürk ◽  
Alihan Erdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion Spect ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Inferior Wall ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Attenuation Artifact ◽  
Artery Disease

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio assists in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with suspected diaphragmatic attenuation artifact (DAA) on myocardial perfusion SPECT (MP-SPECT). Material and Methods: A total of 255 patients undergoing coronary angiography between 2015-2020 due to unclear DAA of the inferior wall on MP-SPECT were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into two groups (CAD and non-CAD) according to angiographic images. Significant CAD was defined as ≥50% stenosis of coronary arteries feeding the inferior wall. White blood cell count, biochemical parameters, and risk factors for CAD were compared between the two groups. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age (p = 0.055), gender (p = 0.482), and body mass index (p = 0.305). N/L ratio (OR = 1.397 p = 0.002 95% Cl = 1.128-1.732) and left ventricle ejection fraction (OR = 0.896 p = 0.023 95% Cl = 0.815-0.985) were independent risk factors for CAD in multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that a cut-off value of ≥2 for N/L ratio predicted the presence of CAD (sensitivity=63.5%, specificity=60.7%, AUC=0.668, 95% CI=0.596 – 0.740, p<0.001). Conclusion: N/L ratio is a simple and accessible test and may increase the diagnostic accuracy of MP-SPECT for CAD in patients with suspicious diaphragmatic attenuation on MP-SPECT.

Epidemiology of Physician-Diagnosed Allergic Rhinitis in Childhood

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-901
Author(s):  
Anne L. Wright ◽  
Catharine J. Holberg ◽  
Marilyn Halonen ◽  
Fernando D. Martinez ◽  
Wayne Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
First Year ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Maternal Cigarette Smoking ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Year Of Life

Objective. To investigate the natural history of and risk factors for allergic rhinitis in the first 6 years of life. Methods. Parents of 747 healthy children followed from birth completed a questionnaire when the child was 6 years old. Data were obtained regarding physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis (PDAR), associated symptoms, and age at onset. Risk-factor data were taken from earlier questionnaires, and data regarding immunoglobulin E (IgE) and skin-test reactivity were obtained at age 6. Results. By the age of 6, 42% of children had PDAR. Children whose rhinitis began in the first year of life had more respiratory symptoms at age 6 and were more likely to have a diagnosis of asthma. Early introduction of foods or formula, heavy maternal cigarette smoking in the first year of life, and higher IgE, as well as parental allergic disorders, were associated with early development of rhinitis. Risk factors for PDAR that remained significant in a multivanate model included maternal history of physician-diagnosed allergy (odds ratio: 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.35-3.54), asthma in the child (4.06, 2.06-7.99), and IgE greater than 100 IU/mL at age 6 (1.93, 1.18-3.17). The odds for atopic as opposed to nonatopic PDAR were significantly higher only among those with high IgE and those who had dogs. Conclusion. Allergic rhinitis developing in the first years of life is an early manifestation of an atopic predisposition, which may be triggered by early environmental exposures.

Risk factors for post-polypectomy bleeding; a retrospective case-control study of a high-volume colonoscopy center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Eleftheriadis ◽  
Christina Imalis ◽  
Guido Gerken ◽  
Heiner Wedemeyer ◽  
Jan Duerig
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Ileocecal Valve ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Polyp Size ◽  
Epinephrine Injection

Abstract Background and aim Post-polypectomy bleeding (PPB) remains an uncommon although serious complication of colonoscopy. The aim of this study is to determine the PPB-prevalence in a secondary care hospital and its associated risk factors. Patients and methods We collected data from 581 patients, with the removal of 1593 polyps between August 2017 and August 2019. A univariate binary logistic regression analysis was conducted retrospectively. Results PPB occurred in only 10 cases, representing 1.7% of patients: immediate in 1.2% and delayed in 0.5%. The number of removed polyps per patient [4.5 (SD 2.59) for hemorrhagic vs. 2.74 (SD 1.98) for non-hemorrhagic group] and the propofol dose [232 mg (SD 93.07) for hemorrhagic vs. 133 mg (SD 57.28) for non-hemorrhagic group] were relevant patient-related risk factors. The polyp-based analysis showed the polyp size [18.4 mm (SD 10.44) for hemorrhagic vs. 4.42 mm (SD 4.29) for non-hemorrhagic group], the morphology [wide-based: OR 24.83 (95 % CI 2.76 – 223.44), pedunculated: OR 56.67 (95 % CI 5.03 – 638.29)], the location at ileocecal valve [OR 20.48, 95 % CI 1.81 – 231.97)], and the polypectomy method [hot snare piecemeal with epinephrine injection: OR 75.38 (95 % CI 7.67 – 741.21)] as significant risk factors for PPB, too. Conclusions The low rate of PPB confirms the safety of the procedure in non-tertiary, high-volume colonoscopy centers. The number of polyps removed per patient, the polyp size, morphology and location, as well as the sedation dose and the method of polypectomy were shown as relevant risk factors.

scholarly journals Study on oxidative stress and antioxidant level in patients of acute myocardial infarction before and after regular treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Bashar ◽  
N Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Plasma Vitamin E

In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), lack of oxygen delivery to myocardium leads to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which play an important role in the pathogenesis of AMI. Endogenous anti-oxidants protect the myocardial tissues from the deleterious effect of free radical mediate injury. The study evaluates the extent of oxidative stress and antioxidant status against ROS in AMI patients and amelioration of oxidative stress after regular treatment and also assesses the association between oxidative stress and risk factors for atherosclerosis like dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus (DM).The study was conducted on 72 AMI patients and age and sex matched 18 healthy controls. Patients were assigned to four groups, AMI without dyslipidemia or DM, with dyslipidemia, with DM and with both dyslipidemia and DM. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and GSH content and vitamin E levels were determined on admission into hospital and on the 5th day of treatment. Plasma MDA level increased significantly (p<0.001) and erythrocyte GSH and plasma vitamin E levels were decreased (p<0.001) in all the groups of patients as compared to control. On the 5th day of regular treatment MDA level reduced (p<0.001) and GSH and vitamin E levels increased (p<0.001) in patients. The plasma MDA level was significantly higher (p<0.001) in patients with both dyslipidemia and DM or with only DM in comparison to patients without dyslipidemia and DM. The difference in the GSH level between patients with risk factors and without risk factors was not significant. It may be conclude that an imbalance exists between oxidant and antioxidant molecules in AMI patients which shift towards oxidative side and regular treatment restores this balance. There may be some association between oxidative stress in AMI and risk factors like dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus.Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2014; 40 (2): 79-84

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