scholarly journals The Age, Sex, and Geographical Distribution of Self-Reported Asthma Triggers on Children With Asthma in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhao Zhang ◽  
Yan Kong ◽  
Kunling Shen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Allergen Sensitization ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Asthma Triggers

Background: Asthma can be exacerbated by many triggers, and the heterogeneity of asthma triggers is clear among children with asthma. This study describes asthma triggers using a large-scale electronic dataset from the smartphone-based Chinese Children's Asthma Action Plan (CCAAP) app and aims to examine the difference in asthma triggers among different subgroups of children with asthma.Methods: Data from the smartphone-based CCAAP app between February 22, 2017, and November 23, 2020, were reviewed, and children with asthma who reported their asthma triggers were enrolled. Eight common asthma triggers were listed in the software: upper respiratory infection (URI), allergen sensitization, exercise, emotional disturbances, pungent odors, air pollution/smog, weather change, and tobacco smoke. We compared the incidence of asthma triggers among different subgroups (<6 years vs. 6–17 years; boy vs. girl; eastern region vs. central region vs. western region).Results: We enrolled 6,835 patients with self-reported asthma triggers. When compared by sex, boys had a higher proportion of exercise-triggered asthma than girls (boys vs. girls, 22.5 vs. 19.7%, p < 0.05). The proportion of patients <6 years of age with URI-triggered asthma was higher than that of patients 6–17 years of age (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 80.9 vs. 74.9%, p < 0.001). Patients 6–17 years of age were more likely than patients <6 years of age to report five of the asthma triggers: allergen sensitization (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 26.6 vs. 35.8%, p < 0.001), exercise (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 19.3 vs. 23.7%, p < 0.001), pungent odors (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 8.8 vs. 12.7%, p < 0.001), air pollution/smog (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 9.4 vs. 16.2%, p < 0.001), and tobacco smoke (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 3.5 vs. 5.3%, p < 0.001). In subgroups based on geographical distribution, asthma triggering of allergen sensitization was reported to be the most common in patients from the eastern region (eastern region vs. central region vs. western region, 35.0 vs. 24.6 vs. 28.0%, p < 0.001). Exercise-triggered asthma was found to be the most prevalent among patients from the central region (eastern region vs. central region vs. western region, 21.6 vs. 24.8 vs. 20.4%, p < 0.05). However, the proportion of patients with air pollution/smog as an asthma trigger was the lowest among those from the western region (eastern region vs. central region vs. western region, 14.1 vs. 14.1 vs. 10.8%, p < 0.05).Conclusion: Children with asthma present different types of asthma triggers, both allergenic and nonallergenic. Age, sex, and geographical distribution affect specific asthma triggers. Preventive measures can be implemented based on a patient's specific asthma trigger.

scholarly journals Study on the Impact of Industrial Informatization on Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 01113
Author(s):  
Jingying Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Regional Heterogeneity ◽  
East Central ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
The Impact

Based on the basic regression model, this paper analyzes the impact of industrial informatization on China’s economic growth. The research shows that industrial informatization has a significant positive impact on China’s economic growth. Then, considering the significant differences in the development of industrial informatization in different regions of China, the paper further explores the regional heterogeneity of industrial informatization on economic growth. The results show that there are significant differences in the impact of industrial informatization on economic growth in the three major regions of East, Central and West. That is, industrial informatization has the strongest effect on promoting economic growth in the eastern region, followed by the central region, and industrial informatization has the weakest effect on promoting economic growth in the western region.

scholarly journals КЛАСТЕРНИЙ АНАЛІЗ УРОЖАЙНОСТІ СОРТІВ ТА ГІБРИДІВ РІПАКУ ОЗИМОГО В РІЗНИХ АГРОКЛІМАТИЧНИХ ЗОНАХ УКРАЇНИ

2017 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
А. В. Мельник ◽  
О. І. Присяжнюк ◽  
І. Л. Бондарчук
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Central Region ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Current Selection

Обґрунтовано використання кластерного аналізу для підбору сортів та гібридів ріпаку озимого сучасної селекції. Дослідження проводились у 2013–2015 рр. у чотирьох різних агрокліматичних регіонах України. За вирощування в господарствах різних сортів та гібридів потрібно уникати підбору для центрального регіону Клеопатра, ПР44В30, ДК Секвоя, Демерка та ПР45Д05. Для господарств південного регіону небажаним є поєднання двох груп сортів, а саме: Клеопатра, Черемош, НК Октан та ПР45Д05 або ж: Снігова королева, Джампер, Сітро, Демерка, Абакус, Белана, ПР44В30, ДК Секвоя та ДК Секюр. Для західного регіону близькими за продуктивністю в розрізі років досліджень є Клеопатра, ДК Секюр, НК Октан, ПР45Д06, ДК Секвоя та Сітро, а для східного регіону  відповідно: Клеопатра, ПР44В30, ДК Секюр, Снігова королева та Сітро. Тобто сорти та гібриди з різних груп кластерів можна висівати в умовах одного господарства, а от в межах однієї групи кластерів – небажано. The application of cluster analysis for the assortment of winter rape varieties and hybrids of current selection has been grounded. The research was conducted in 2013–2015 in four different agro-climatic regions of Ukraine. To get a stable and high performance of winter rape under the conditions of major agro-climatic zones of cultivation we need to adhere to the principles of production saturation with different varieties and hybrids to reduce the risk of loss of crops in the autumn–winter period and harvest shortfall due to the unfavorable factors of environment. For the farm cultivation of different varieties and hybrids, we should avoid selecting for the central region Cleopatra PR44V30, DK Sequoia, and Demerka and PR45D05. For the farms of southern region, it is undesirable to combine two groups of varieties, namely Cleopatra, Cheremosh, NK Oktan and PR45D05 or Snow Queen, Jumper, Sitro, Demerka, Abakus, Belana, PR44V30, DK and DK Sequoia and DK Sekyur. For the western region Cleopatra, DK Sekyur, NK Oktan, PR45D05, DK Sequoia and Sitro are similar in performance in terms of years of the research, and for the eastern region, there are the following varieties of Cleopatra, PR44V30, DK Sekyur, Snow Queen and Sitro. We mean the varieties and hybrids with different groups of clusters can be sown under the conditions of one farm, but within the same group of clusters, it is undesirable.

Research on the Development of China’s Emission Reduction Based on Low Carbon Economy

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 2381-2385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Sha Jia ◽  
Yong Hui Han ◽  
Bo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Carbon Economy

This paper built up a forecasting model for CO2 emission and calcutaled the CO2 emissions of 30 provinces (cities) in China. It’s been found that the CO2 emission amount varies greatly in different provinces (cities). We find that the capacity of energy conservation and emmision reduction of eastern region is best, the western region is in the middle level, while the central region is not good enough. Based on the above, this paper proposed concrete suggestions on energy saving and emission reduction.They are not only in line the national policies but also have took consideration of the economic and social development of different areas.

Cross-section of self-reported asthma triggers on children with asthma in China: data from smartphone-based Chinese Children's Asthma Action Plan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhao Zhang ◽  
Yan Kong ◽  
Kunling Shen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Asthma Action Plan ◽  
Asthma Triggers

Abstract The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.

scholarly journals BIODIVERSITY, DISTRIBUTION, AND ABUNDANCE OF THE TROPICAL ANGUILLID EELS IN THE INDONESIAN WATERS

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagi Yulia Sugeha ◽  
Sasanti Retno Suharti ◽  
Sam Wouthuyzen ◽  
Kurnaen Sumadhiharga
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Genetic Analyses ◽  
Tropical Estuaries ◽  
Glass Eel ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Migration Mechanism ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Inshore Migration

In order to understand biodiversity, distribution, and abundance among the tropical anguillid eels in the Indonesian waters, inshore migration mechanism of the juvenile anguillid eel (glass eel) to the estuaries of western, central, and eastern region of Indonesian waters were examined using both morphology and genetic analyses. A total of 9 species/sub species of anguillid eels (Anguilla bicolor bicolor, A. nebulosa nebulosa, A. bicolor pacifica, A. interioris, A. borneensis, A. celebesensis, A. marinorata, A. obscura and A. megastoma) were recognized to recruit at the mouth of 15 rivers through Indonesian archipelago. Species/subspecies diversity and distribution of recruiting juveniles differs in the estuaries of each region. In the western region that represented by estuary of Krueng Aceh, Batang Antokan, Air Kertaun, Cibaliung, Citanduy, Progo, and Pacitan Rivers, three species and sub species (A. bicolor bicolor, A. nebulosa nebulosa and A. bicolor pacifica) were found. In the central region that represented by estuary of Mahakam, Palu, Dumoga, Poigar, Bone, and Poso Rivers, five species and sub species (A. borneensis, A. celebesensis, A. marinorata, A. bicolor pacilica and A. interioris) were found. In the eastern region that represented by estuary of Akelamo and Pami Rivers, four species (A. marinorata, A. interioris, A. obscura and A. megastoma) were found. During the 6 months investigation from May to October 2005, abundance of the juveniles was higher in the central region compared with western and eastern regions. These results were suggested that inshore migration mechanism of tropical anguillid eels recruiting in tropical estuaries of Indonesian waters differs among regions.

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