scholarly journals Bioactivities and Structure–Activity Relationships of Fusidic Acid Derivatives: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjun Long ◽  
Wentao Ji ◽  
Doudou Zhang ◽  
Yifei Zhu ◽  
Yi Bi
Keyword(s):  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Resistance Reversal ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Fusidic acid (FA) is a natural tetracyclic triterpene isolated from fungi, which is clinically used for systemic and local staphylococcal infections, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci infections. FA and its derivatives have been shown to possess a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antibacterial, antimalarial, antituberculosis, anticancer, tumor multidrug resistance reversal, anti-inflammation, antifungal, and antiviral activity in vivo and in vitro. The semisynthesis, structural modification and biological activities of FA derivatives have been extensively studied in recent years. This review summarized the biological activities and structure–activity relationship (SAR) of FA in the last two decades. This summary can prove useful information for drug exploration of FA derivatives.

Vitex Diterpenoids: Structural Diversity and Pharmacological Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfei Ban ◽  
Tianshuang Xia ◽  
Rui Jing ◽  
Yaoli Guo ◽  
Yiya Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Hormone Level ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications

Plants of the genus Vitex (Verbenaceae) are mainly distributed throughout tropical and temperate regions, and many Vitex plants have been traditionally used in folk medicine. Plants of this genus are a rich source of diterpenoids, which not only displayed versatile structural diversity with potential chemotaxonomical significance but also exhibited a wide range of biological activities, mainly including in vitro cytotoxic, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, hormone level-regulating and antiangiogenic activities. Recently, a series of bioactive diterpenoids, with interesting carbon skeletons, have been reported and gathered considerable interest. This article systematically reviewed diterpenoids isolated from the genus Vitex that appeared in the literature up to December 2018, critically highlighting their structural diversity and pharmacological activities. Up to now, a total of 154 diterpenoids with diverse structures have been isolated and identified from Vitex plants. The authors also summarized the reported structure-activity relationships of those well explored Vitex diterpenoids. Finally, the authors discussed the challenges and potential applications of these diterpenoids in the future.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals and Biological Activities of Pueraria Flower: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Wang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Yongqing Tao ◽  
Meiyan Wang ◽  
Zhibo Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Pueraria Lobata ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Estrogenic Effects ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Herbal Plant ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Pueraria lobata (Kudzu root) has been well documented as a food and also an herbal plant for its ability to alleviate hangover, diarrhea and cardiovascular diseases. However, the flower of Pueraria lobata has been attracted attention only in recent decades. Bioactive phytochemicals such as isoflavones, saponins, essential oils and other components have been isolated and identified in Pueraria flower extracts (PFE). Both in vivo and in vitro research have indicated the health promoting effects of Pueraria flower including hepatoprotective property, estrogenic effects, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammation activity and other pharmacological activities. In this review, we have summarized the chemical compositions and pharmacological actions of Pueraria flower and updated knowledge with recent progress.

scholarly journals Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of the Diterpenoids from the Genus Daphne

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6598
Author(s):  
Yi-Wen Nie ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Lan Luo ◽  
Chun-Yan Zhang ◽  
Wei Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ring System ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Substitution Pattern ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Anti Hiv

There are abundant natural diterpenoids in the plants of the genus Daphne from the Thymelaeaceae family, featuring a 5/7/6-tricyclic ring system and usually with an orthoester group. So far, a total of 135 diterpenoids has been isolated from the species of the genus Daphne, which could be further classified into three main types according to the substitution pattern of ring A and oxygen-containing functions at ring B. A variety of studies have demonstrated that these compounds exert a wide range of bioactivities both in vitro and in vivo including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, antifertility, neurotrophic, and cholesterol-lowering effects, which is reviewed herein. Meanwhile, the fascinating structure–activity relationship is also concluded in this review in the hope of providing an easy access to available information for the synthesis and optimization of efficient drugs.

Ethnomedicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of the Genus Berberis Linn: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roohi Mohi-ud-din ◽  
Reyaz Hassan Mir ◽  
Prince Ahad Mir ◽  
Saeema Farooq ◽  
Syed Naiem Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

Background: Genus Berberis (family Berberidaceae), which contains about 650 species and 17 genera worldwide, has been used in folklore and various traditional medicine systems. Berberis Linn. is the most established group among genera with around 450-500 species across the world. This comprehensive review will not only help researchers for further evaluation but also provide substantial information for future exploitation of species to develop novel herbal formulations. Objective: The present review is focussed to summarize and collect the updated review of information of Genus Berberis species reported to date regarding their ethnomedicinal information, chemical constituents, traditional/folklore use, and reported pharmacological activities on more than 40 species of Berberis. Conclusion: A comprehensive survey of the literature reveals that various species of the genus possess various phytoconstituents mainly alkaloids, flavonoid based compounds isolated from different parts of a plant with a wide range of pharmacological activities. So far, many pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory both in vitro & in vivo and clinical study of different extracts/isolated compounds of different species of Berberis have been reported, proving their importance as a medicinal plant and claiming their traditional use.

Associated microflora of medicinal ferns: biotechnological potentials and possible applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 4927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhi Srivastava ◽  
Paul A. K.
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Plant associated microorganisms that colonize the upper and internal tissues of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of healthy plants without causing any visible harmful or negative effect on their host. Diversity of microbes have been extensively studied in a wide variety of vascular plants and shown to promote plant establishment, growth and development and impart resistance against pathogenic infections. Ferns and their associated microbes have also attracted the attention of the scientific communities as sources of novel bioactive secondary metabolites. The ferns and fern alleles, which are well adapted to diverse environmental conditions, produce various secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, phenols, triterpenoid compounds, variety of amino acids and fatty acids along with some unique metabolites as adaptive features and are traditionally used for human health and medicine. In this review attention has been focused to prepare a comprehensive account of ethnomedicinal properties of some common ferns and fern alleles. Association of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere, phyllosphere and endosphere of these medicinally important ferns and their interaction with the host plant has been emphasized keeping in view their possible biotechnological potentials and applications. The processes of host-microbe interaction leading to establishment and colonization of endophytes are less-well characterized in comparison to rhizospheric and phyllospheric microflora. However, the endophytes are possessing same characteristics as rhizospheric and phyllospheric to stimulate the in vivo synthesis as well as in vitro production of secondary metabolites with a wide range of biological activities such as plant growth promotion by production of phytohormones, siderophores, fixation of nitrogen, and phosphate solubilization. Synthesis of pharmaceutically important products such as anticancer compounds, antioxidants, antimicrobials, antiviral substances and hydrolytic enzymes could be some of the promising areas of research and commercial exploitation.

scholarly journals IN VITRO CALLUS INDUCTION AND COMPARATIVE GC-MS ANALYSIS OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF CALLUS AND LEAF SAMPLES OF AMPELOCISSUS LATIFOLIA (ROXB.) PLANCH

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Deep Chhavi Anand ◽  
Rishikesh Meena ◽  
Vidya Patni
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Wide Range

Objective: The aim of the present study was to develop a callus induction protocol and comparative study of therapeutic phytochemicals present in in vivo leaf and in vitro callus extracts through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis.Methods: Murashige and Skoog media was used as culture media for callus induction. In vitro callus induction protocol was developed by studying the effects of various plant growth regulators like auxin, 2, 4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), NAA (naphthalic acetic acid), alone and in combination with cytokinin BAP (benzyl aminopurine), on leaf and stem explants. The GC-MS analysis of Ampelocissus latifolia was carried out on Shimadzu QP-2010 plus with thermal desorption system TD 20 to study the phytochemical profile.Results: In vitro callus induction protocol was developed for the plant and callusing was done from leaf and stem explants of Ampelocissus latifolia. The best result for callus induction was obtained using leaf explant, and callus production were maximum in Murashige and Skoog medium fortified with BAP (0.5 mg/l) and NAA (1.0 mg/l). Major compounds identified in the GC-MS analysis were Campesterol, Stigmasterol, Beta-Sitosterol, Docosanol, Dodecanoic acid, etc., in in vitro extract and Beta Sitosterol, Tocopherol, Squalene, Bergamot oil, Margarinic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, etc., in in vivo extract. The different active phytochemicals identified have been found to possess a wide range of biological activities, thus this analysis forms a basis for the biological characterization and importance of the compounds identified for human benefits.Conclusion: This is the first report on callus induction in Ampelocissus latifolia. From the results obtained through the in vitro callus induction and its comparative GCMS analysis with in vivo extract, it is revealed that Ampelocissus latifolia contains various bioactive compounds that are of importance for phytopharmaceutical uses. The GCMS analysis revealed that the amount of Beta-sitosterol and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was very high in in vitro extract as compared to in vivo extract.

scholarly journals Cafestol and Kahweol: A Review on Their Bioactivities and Pharmacological Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqi Ren ◽  
Chunlan Wang ◽  
Jiakun Xu ◽  
Shuaiyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Furan Ring ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Target Alternative ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Cafestol and kahweol are natural diterpenes extracted from coffee beans. In addition to the effect of raising serum lipid, in vitro and in vivo experimental results have revealed that the two diterpenes demonstrate multiple potential pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammation, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-osteoclastogenesis activities. The most relevant mechanisms involved are down-regulating inflammation mediators, increasing glutathione (GSH), inducing apoptosis of tumor cells and anti-angiogenesis. Cafestol and kahweol show similar biological activities but not exactly the same, which might due to the presence of one conjugated double bond on the furan ring of the latter. This review aims to summarize the pharmacological properties and the underlying mechanisms of cafestol-type diterpenoids, which show their potential as functional food and multi-target alternative medicine.

scholarly journals The Multifunctional Effects of Nobiletin and Its MetabolitesIn VivoandIn Vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Huang ◽  
Linfu Li ◽  
Weimei Shi ◽  
Hai Liu ◽  
Jianqiong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agent ◽  
Intracellular Targets ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Nobiletin (NOB) chemically known as 5,6,7,8,3′,4′-hexamethoxyflavone is a dietary polymethoxylated flavonoid found inCitrusfruits. Recent evidences show that NOB is a multifunctional pharmaceutical agent. The various pharmacological activities of NOB include neuroprotection, cardiovascular protection, antimetabolic disorder, anticancer, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation. These events may be underpinned by modulation of signaling cascades, including PKA/ERK/MEK/CREB, NF-κB, MAPK, Ca2+/CaMKII, PI3K/Akt1/2, HIF-1α, and TGFβsignaling pathways. The metabolites may exhibit stronger beneficial effects than NOB on diseases pathogenesis. The biological activities of NOB have been clarified on many systems. This review aims to discuss the pharmacological effects of NOB with specific mechanisms of actions. NOB may become a promising candidate for potential drug development. However, further investigations of NOB on specific intracellular targets and clinical trials are still needed, especially forin vivomedical applications.

Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of Resveratrol-Loaded Bovine Serum Album Nanoparticles

2011 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Lei Li ◽  
Yuan Gang Zu ◽  
Xiu Hua Zhao ◽  
Dong Mei Zhao ◽  
Xiao Qiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Nano Technology ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range

Resveratrol (RES) is a naturally occurring triphenolic phytoalexin compound exerting numerous beneficial effects in the organism. It has a wide range of biological activities in vitro as well as in vivo, such as anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and beneficial cardiovascular effects. But, its low solubility in water led to its poor absorption in vivo and low bioavailability. Bovine serum album (BSA) nanoparticles have emerged as versatile desired carrier systems due to its ready availability, biodegradability, lack of toxicity and immunogenicity with fast development of nano technology. In this study, RES-BSANPS were prepared by a desolvation method and chemical cross-linking with glutaraldehyde successfully. Results controlled conditions (concentration of BSA, 10 mg/ml; pH = 9.0; volume of ethanol, 6 ml; volume of 0.25 % glutaraldehyde, 100 µl; amount of RES, 6.7 mg; cross-linking time, 24 h at room temperature (1 ml/min)) for entrapment efficiency, loading efficiency, mean particle size and zeta potential, were found to be 88.7 %, 39.4 %, 175.4 ± 0.5 nm, -35.93 ± 0.79 mV, respectively.

scholarly journals Exploitation of Cytotoxicity of Some Essential Oils for Translation in Cancer Therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Russo ◽  
Maria Tiziana Corasaniti ◽  
Giacinto Bagetta ◽  
Luigi Antonio Morrone
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Antitumor Drugs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Anticancer Treatment

Essential oils are complex mixtures of several components endowed with a wide range of biological activities, including antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic, sedative, analgesic, and anesthetic properties. A growing body of scientific reports has recently focused on the potential of essential oils as anticancer treatment in the attempt to overcome the development of multidrug resistance and important side effects associated with the antitumor drugs currently used. In this review we discuss the literature on the effects of essential oils in  in vitroandin vivomodels of cancer, focusing on the studies performed with the whole phytocomplex rather than single constituents.

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