scholarly journals Growing in Mixed Stands Increased Leaf Photosynthesis and Physiological Stress Resistance in Moso Bamboo and Mature Chinese Fir Plantations

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunju Peng ◽  
Yandong Song ◽  
Chong Li ◽  
Tingting Mei ◽  
Zhili Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Mixed Stand ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Leaf Photosynthesis ◽  
Ecological Performance

Mixed-stand plantations are not always as beneficial for timber production and carbon sequestration as monoculture plantations. Systematic analyses of mixed-stand forests as potential ideal plantations must consider the physiological-ecological performance of these plantations. This study aimed to determine whether mixed moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens (Pradelle) Mazel ex J. Houz.) and Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) stands exhibited better physiological-ecological performance than monoculture plantations of these species. We analyzed leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant enzyme activities, chlorophyll content and leaf chemistry in a moso bamboo stand, a Chinese fir stand and a mixed stand with both species. The results showed that both species in the mixed stand exhibited significantly higher leaf net photosynthesis rate (Amax), instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (CUE), chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), PSII quantum yield [Y(II)], leaf nitrogen content, and antioxidant enzyme activities than those in the monoculture plantations. However, the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in Chinese fir and 2-year-old moso bamboo was significantly lower in the mixed stand than in the monocultures. In addition, the water use efficiency (WUE) of Chinese fir was significantly higher in the mixed stand. The results suggest that the increase in leaf net photosynthetic capacity and the improved growth in the mixed stand could be attributed primarily to the (i) more competitive strategies for soil water use, (ii) stronger antioxidant systems, and (iii) higher leaf total nitrogen and chlorophyll contents in the plants. These findings suggest that mixed growth has beneficial effects on the leaf photosynthesis capacity and physiological resistance of moso bamboo and Chinese fir.

Effect of prenatal isoxsuprine on pulmonary oxygen toxicity in the newborn rat

1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Frank ◽  
J. Summerville ◽  
D. Massaro
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Oxygen Toxicity ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Lung Maturation ◽  
Lung Weight ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Hyperoxic Exposure

Isoxsuprine, a beta-sympathomimetic agent used clinically to delay premature parturition and to possibly accelerate fetal lung maturation, was administered to pregnant rats at 48 and 24 h prior to delivery. Newborn rats were placed in 96-98% O2 (or room air) to determine if the prenatal isoxsuprine treatment compromised their tolerance to prolonged hyperoxic exposure. (Exogenous catecholamines are known to exacerbate O2 toxicity in adult animals). Survival of the isoxsuprine-treated pups in O2 (52%) was no different than for control neonates exposed to hyperoxia for 7 days (57%) (P = 0.22). Body weight, lung weight, lung protein, and DNA content of the newborns were also not altered by the prenatal isoxsuprine treatment. Lung antioxidant enzyme activities for superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were the same at birth in the isoxsuprine-treated and control rat pups, and the enzyme activities increased in response to hyperoxic exposure in each group to an equivalent degree. Thus, in utero treatment with isoxsuprine had no apparent adverse effect on newborn rats exposed to a prolonged O2 challenge.

scholarly journals Keratocyte apoptosis and corneal antioxidant enzyme activities after refractive corneal surgery

Eye ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Bilgihan ◽  
A Bilgihan ◽  
U Adiguzel ◽  
C Sezer ◽  
O Yis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Corneal Surgery

scholarly journals Effects of the Fragrance Galaxolide on the Biomarker Responses of the Clam Ruditapes philippinarum

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 509
Author(s):  
Graziano Rilievo ◽  
Jacopo Fabrello ◽  
Marco Roverso ◽  
Sara Bogialli ◽  
Valerio Matozzo
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Ruditapes Philippinarum ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Continuous Release ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Household Products ◽  
Oxidative Damage To Proteins

The musk fragrance Galaxolide® (HHCB) is widely used in personal care and household products. Its large use leads to a continuous release of the compound into aquatic environments. Although some studies on the presence of HHCB in ecosystems and biota have been conducted, limited data about its effects on organism biomarkers are available. This study aimed at investigating both cellular and biochemical effects of HHCB in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Mussels were exposed for 7, 14 and 21 days to 100 ng/L and 500 ng/L of HHCB in seawater, and the effects on haemocyte parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities in the gills and digestive gland were evaluated. In addition, the neurotoxic potential of HHCB and its capacity to cause oxidative damage to proteins were assessed. Overall, our results demonstrated that exposure to HHCB was able to induce changes in biomarker responses of mussels, mainly at the cellular level.

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