scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Melatonin in Plants: An Example of Evolution of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Murch ◽  
Lauren A. E. Erland
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plant Signaling ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Light Responses ◽  
Current State ◽  
Plant Life Cycle ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Interkingdom Communication

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine) is a mammalian neurohormone, antioxidant and signaling molecule that was first discovered in plants in 1995. The first studies investigated plant melatonin from a human perspective quantifying melatonin in foods and medicinal plants and questioning whether its presence could explain the activity of some plants as medicines. Starting with these first handful of studies in the late 1990s, plant melatonin research has blossomed into a vibrant and active area of investigation and melatonin has been found to play critical roles in mediating plant responses and development at every stage of the plant life cycle from pollen and embryo development through seed germination, vegetative growth and stress response. Here we have utilized a systematic approach in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) protocols to reduce bias in our assessment of the literature and provide an overview of the current state of melatonin research in plants, covering 1995–2021. This review provides an overview of the biosynthesis and metabolism of melatonin as well as identifying key themes including: abiotic stress responses, root development, light responses, interkingdom communication, phytohormone and plant signaling. Additionally, potential biases in the literature are investigated and a birefringence in the literature between researchers from plant and medical based which has helped to shape the current state of melatonin research. Several exciting new opportunities for future areas of melatonin research are also identified including investigation of non-crop and non-medicinal species as well as characterization of melatonin signaling networks in plants.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of the GmRD26 soybean promoter in response to abiotic stresses: potential tool for biotechnological application

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elinea O. Freitas ◽  
Bruno P. Melo ◽  
Isabela T. Lourenço-Tessutti ◽  
Fabrício B. M. Arraes ◽  
Regina M. Amorim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Plant Responses

Abstract Background Drought is one of the most harmful abiotic stresses for plants, leading to reduced productivity of several economically important crops and, consequently, considerable losses in the agricultural sector. When plants are exposed to stressful conditions, such as drought and high salinity, they modulate the expression of genes that lead to developmental, biochemical, and physiological changes, which help to overcome the deleterious effects of adverse circumstances. Thus, the search for new specific gene promoter sequences has proved to be a powerful biotechnological strategy to control the expression of key genes involved in water deprivation or multiple stress responses. Results This study aimed to identify and characterize the GmRD26 promoter (pGmRD26), which is involved in the regulation of plant responses to drought stress. The expression profile of the GmRD26 gene was investigated by qRT-PCR under normal and stress conditions in Williams 82, BR16 and Embrapa48 soybean-cultivars. Our data confirm that GmRD26 is induced under water deficit with different induction folds between analyzed cultivars, which display different genetic background and physiological behaviour under drought. The characterization of the GmRD26 promoter was performed under simulated stress conditions with abscisic acid (ABA), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and drought (air dry) on A. thaliana plants containing the complete construct of pGmRD26::GUS (2.054 bp) and two promoter modules, pGmRD26A::GUS (909 pb) and pGmRD26B::GUS (435 bp), controlling the expression of the β-glucuronidase (uidA) gene. Analysis of GUS activity has demonstrated that pGmRD26 and pGmRD26A induce strong reporter gene expression, as the pAtRD29 positive control promoter under ABA and PEG treatment. Conclusions The full-length promoter pGmRD26 and the pGmRD26A module provides an improved uidA transcription capacity when compared with the other promoter module, especially in response to polyethylene glycol and drought treatments. These data indicate that pGmRD26A may become a promising biotechnological asset with potential use in the development of modified drought-tolerant plants or other plants designed for stress responses.

scholarly journals Updates on BES1/BZR1 Regulatory Networks Coordinating Plant Growth and Stress Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Kono ◽  
Yanhai Yin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
Balance Growth ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plant Signaling ◽  
Master Regulators

Brassinosteroids (BRs) play pivotal roles in the regulation of many dimensions of a plant’s life. Hence, through extensive efforts from many research groups, BR signaling has emerged as one of the best-characterized plant signaling pathways. The key molecular players of BR signaling from the cell surface to the nucleus important for the regulation of plant growth and development are well-established. Recent data show that BRs also modulate plant responses to environmental stresses such as drought and pathogen infection. In this mini review, we present the recent progress in BR signaling specifically in the post-translational SUMO modification of BR’s master regulators, BES1/BZR1. We also discuss recent findings on the crosstalk between BR, UV light, and jasmonic acid signaling pathways to balance growth during light stress and pathogen infections. Finally, we describe the current update on the molecular link between BR signaling and intracellular auxin transport that essential for plant development.

scholarly journals Disentangling transcriptional responses in plant defense against arthropod herbivores

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Garcia ◽  
M. Estrella Santamaria ◽  
Isabel Diaz ◽  
Manuel Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Pieris Rapae ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Plant Herbivore

AbstractThe success in the response of a plant to a pest depends on the regulatory networks that connect plant perception and plant response. Meta-analyses of transcriptomic responses are valuable tools to discover novel mechanisms in the plant/herbivore interplay. Considering the quantity and quality of available transcriptomic analyses, Arabidopsis thaliana was selected to test the ability of comprehensive meta-analyses to disentangle plant responses. The analysis of the transcriptomic data showed a general induction of biological processes commonly associated with the response to herbivory, like jasmonate signaling or glucosinolate biosynthesis. However, an uneven induction of many genes belonging to these biological categories was found, which was likely associated with the particularities of each specific Arabidopsis-herbivore interaction. A thorough analysis of the responses to the lepidopteran Pieris rapae and the spider mite Tetranychus urticae highlighted specificities in the perception and signaling pathways associated with the expression of receptors and transcription factors. This information was translated to a variable alteration of secondary metabolic pathways. In conclusion, transcriptomic meta-analysis has been revealed as a potent way to sort out relevant physiological processes in the plant response to herbivores. Translation of these transcriptomic-based analyses to crop species will permit a more appropriate design of biotechnological programs.

scholarly journals Metabolomics-Guided Elucidation of Plant Abiotic Stress Responses in the 4IR Era: An Overview

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Morena M. Tinte ◽  
Kekeletso H. Chele ◽  
Justin J. J. van der Hooft ◽  
Fidele Tugizimana
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Computational Tools

Plants are constantly challenged by changing environmental conditions that include abiotic stresses. These are limiting their development and productivity and are subsequently threatening our food security, especially when considering the pressure of the increasing global population. Thus, there is an urgent need for the next generation of crops with high productivity and resilience to climate change. The dawn of a new era characterized by the emergence of fourth industrial revolution (4IR) technologies has redefined the ideological boundaries of research and applications in plant sciences. Recent technological advances and machine learning (ML)-based computational tools and omics data analysis approaches are allowing scientists to derive comprehensive metabolic descriptions and models for the target plant species under specific conditions. Such accurate metabolic descriptions are imperatively essential for devising a roadmap for the next generation of crops that are resilient to environmental deterioration. By synthesizing the recent literature and collating data on metabolomics studies on plant responses to abiotic stresses, in the context of the 4IR era, we point out the opportunities and challenges offered by omics science, analytical intelligence, computational tools and big data analytics. Specifically, we highlight technological advancements in (plant) metabolomics workflows and the use of machine learning and computational tools to decipher the dynamics in the chemical space that define plant responses to abiotic stress conditions.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and analysis of class III peroxidases in Betula pendula

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kewei Cai ◽  
Huixin Liu ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Xiyang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Plant Life Cycle ◽  
Class Iii Peroxidases ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background Class III peroxidases (POD) proteins are widely present in the plant kingdom that are involved in a broad range of physiological processes including stress responses and lignin polymerization throughout the plant life cycle. At present, POD genes have been studied in Arabidopsis, rice, poplar, maize and Chinese pear, but there are no reports on the identification and function of POD gene family in Betula pendula. Results We identified 90 nonredundant POD genes in Betula pendula. (designated BpPODs). According to phylogenetic relationships, these POD genes were classified into 12 groups. The BpPODs are distributed in different numbers on the 14 chromosomes, and some BpPODs were located sequentially in tandem on chromosomes. In addition, we analyzed the conserved domains of BpPOD proteins and found that they contain highly conserved motifs. We also investigated their expression patterns in different tissues, the results showed that some BpPODs might play an important role in xylem, leaf, root and flower. Furthermore, under low temperature conditions, some BpPODs showed different expression patterns at different times. Conclusions The research on the structure and function of the POD genes in Betula pendula plays a very important role in understanding the growth and development process and the molecular mechanism of stress resistance. These results lay the theoretical foundation for the genetic improvement of Betula pendula.

Proteome characterization of copper stress responses in the roots of sorghum

BioMetals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swapan Kumar Roy ◽  
Seong-Woo Cho ◽  
Soo Jeong Kwon ◽  
Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal ◽  
Dong-Gi Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Copper Stress

Characterization of Beldi chicken and turkeys in rural poultry flocks of Morocco. Current state and future outlook

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Benabdeljelil ◽  
T. Arfaoui
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Future Outlook ◽  
Current State ◽  
Production Improvement ◽  
Rural Poultry

SummaryThe main characteristics of Beldi (meaning “native” in Arabic) poultry raised in rural areas were studied in the Khenifra Region through extensive surveys.Beldi chickens have large phenotypic variability. Black, brown, grey and white colours, pure or mixed, are frequently observed in chickens' featherings while turkeys are predominantly bronze. Plumage types were fairly homogeneous in both species. Single combs and dented combs were respectively predominant in chicken hens and roosters.Sexual maturity was reached at 154 days for roosters, 168 for hens in chicken, around 217 days for toms and 231 for turkey hens. The age at first egg averaged 5.8 months for hens and 8.4 months for turkey hens. The number of eggs laid per hen per year was 78 for chicken and 69 for turkey. Hatchability rate was 78 and 80 percent for chicken and turkeys, respectively. Diseases were the main cause of mortality, which could affect up to 77 percent of chicken flocks.Few preliminary urgent steps for the conservation of Beldi poultry are discussed with other production improvement proposals.

Systematic discovery and characterization of stress-related microRNA genes in Oryza sativa

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Bin Xie ◽  
Xue Zhou ◽  
Tian Hai Zhang ◽  
Bao Long Zhang ◽  
Li Ming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Translation Inhibition ◽  
Microrna Genes ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractAbiotic stresses including drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, chemical toxicity and oxidative are the natural status of the environment to exert serious threats to agriculture. Abiotic stress-related microRNAs (ASmiRNAs) are a group of microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating stress responses in plants. However, the systematic investigation of ASmiRNAs is limited in Rice (O. sativa), a typical abiotic stress-resistant crop species. In the present work, we systematically investigated ASmiRNAs in silico. First, we identified 177 putative ASmiRNAs in O.sativa. Second, we found most ASmiRNAs were driven by TATA-promoter and most stress-related miRNA promoter regions contained the stress-related elements. Third, we found many ASmiRNAs families were species/family specific and a set of miRNAs might derive from genomic repeat-sequences in O. sativa. Finally, we found the ASmiRNAs in O. sativa target 289 genes with 1050 predicted target sites in which 98% sites have cleavage activity and 2% sites have translation inhibition activity. In conclusion, our findings provide an insight into both the function and evolution of ASmiRNAs and improve our understanding on the mechanism of abiotic stress resistance in O. sativa.

Characterization of potato (Solanum tuberosum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) protein phosphatases type 2A catalytic subunits and their involvement in stress responses

Planta ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 230 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Marina País ◽  
Marina Alejandra González ◽  
María Teresa Téllez-Iñón ◽  
Daniela Andrea Capiati
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Protein Phosphatases ◽  
Catalytic Subunits

scholarly journals WRKY Proteins: Signaling and Regulation of Expression during Abiotic Stress Responses

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Banerjee ◽  
Aryadeep Roychoudhury
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Plant Signaling ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stress ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Wrky Proteins

WRKY proteins are emerging players in plant signaling and have been thoroughly reported to play important roles in plants under biotic stress like pathogen attack. However, recent advances in this field do reveal the enormous significance of these proteins in eliciting responses induced by abiotic stresses. WRKY proteins act as major transcription factors, either as positive or negative regulators. Specific WRKY factors which help in the expression of a cluster of stress-responsive genes are being targeted and genetically modified to induce improved abiotic stress tolerance in plants. The knowledge regarding the signaling cascade leading to the activation of the WRKY proteins, their interaction with other proteins of the signaling pathway, and the downstream genes activated by them are altogether vital for justified targeting of theWRKYgenes. WRKY proteins have also been considered to generate tolerance against multiple abiotic stresses with possible roles in mediating a cross talk between abiotic and biotic stress responses. In this review, we have reckoned the diverse signaling pattern and biological functions of WRKY proteins throughout the plant kingdom along with the growing prospects in this field of research.

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