scholarly journals The Differential Impact of Acute Exercise and Mindfulness Meditation on Executive Functioning and Psycho-Emotional Well-Being in Children and Youth With ADHD

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Bigelow ◽  
Marcus D. Gottlieb ◽  
Michelle Ogrodnik ◽  
Jeffrey D. Graham ◽  
Barbara Fenesi
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Youth With Adhd

This study investigated how acute exercise and mindfulness meditation impacts executive functioning and psycho-emotional well-being in 16 children and youth with ADHD aged 10–14 (male = 11; White = 80%). Participants completed three interventions: 10 min of exercise, 10 min of mindfulness meditation, and 10 min of reading (control). Before and after each intervention, executive functioning (inhibitory control, working memory, task-switching) and psycho-emotional well-being (mood, self-efficacy) were assessed. Mindfulness meditation increased performance on all executive functioning tasks whereas the other interventions did not (d = 0.55–0.86). Exercise enhanced positive mood and self-efficacy whereas the other interventions did not (d = 0.22–0.35). This work provides preliminary evidence for how acute exercise and mindfulness meditation can support differential aspects of executive and psycho-emotional functioning among children and youth with ADHD.

scholarly journals Development and psychometric properties of the Self-efficacy for Mindfulness Meditation Practice scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2017-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurjeet S Birdee ◽  
Kenneth A Wallston ◽  
Sujata G Ayala ◽  
Edward H Ip ◽  
Stephanie J Sohl
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cognitive Interviewing ◽  
Meditation Practice ◽  
Efficacy Measure ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

This study aimed to develop a self-efficacy measure for mindfulness meditation practice (Self-efficacy for Mindfulness Meditation Practice scale). The scale was developed through a process of expert consensus, cognitive interviewing, and evaluation among 199 mindfulness meditation practitioners who completed an online survey. The 9-item Self-efficacy for Mindfulness Meditation Practice scale was unidimensional with three subconstructs of attention, compassion, and emotion. The omega hierarchical coefficient for the total scale was 0.78, and test–retest reliability was intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.80, 0.89). This study provides preliminary evidence that Self-Efficacy for Mindfulness Meditation Practice scale is a reliable and valid measure of self-efficacy for mindfulness meditation practice.

Elderly Tomboys? Sources of Self-Efficacy for Physical Activity in Late Life

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra O’Brien Cousins
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Recall Data ◽  
Adult Fitness ◽  
Mastery Experiences ◽  
Physical Skills

Little research has attended to the possibility that competencies and efficacy for physical activity acquired in childhood may last a lifetime. This study examined self-report and recall data on 327 Vancouver women born between 1896 and 1921 with a view to understanding current sources of self-efficacy for adult fitness activity. Current self-efficacy (SE) for late life fitness activity was assessed alongside age, education, perceived well-being, and movement confidence in childhood (MCC) for six challenging physical skills. Perceived well-being was the best predictor of late life SE for fitness exercise, explaining 26% of the variance. However, MCC was also an equally important and independent predictor of late life SE. even when age. education, and perceived well-being were controlled for. This study provides preliminary evidence that personal estimates of ability to exercise in late life are based on self-evaluations of Wellness, current age, and former competencies that have origins in girlhood mastery experiences over six decades earlier.

Affective Responses to Acute Exercise in Elderly Impaired Males: The Moderating Effects of Self-Efficacy and Age

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward McAuley ◽  
Shelly M. Shaffer ◽  
David Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Personal Efficacy

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between perceptions of personal efficacy and affective responsibility to acute exercise in elderly male in-patients and outpatients at a Veterans Administration Medical Center. Participants completed self-efficacy measures prior to and following upper body ergometry exercise. Multidimensional affect was assessed prior to and following activity and in-task affect was assessed by retrospective recall. A significant change in feelings of fatigue was revealed over time but exercise effects on affect were shown to be moderated by perceptions of efficacy and age. Specifically, more efficacious individuals reported significantly more positive well-being and less psychological distress during and following exercise. Older individuals were less efficacious and experienced more negative responses to exercise. Finally, participants who experienced less psychological distress and more positive well-being during activity were more efficacious post-exercise. The results are discussed with respect to the role played by self-efficacy and age in the generation of affective responses to exercise.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Study of Relations Among Adolescents’ Self-Esteem, General Self-Efficacy, Career Adaptability, and Life Satisfaction

2019 ◽  
pp. 089484531986169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Marcionetti ◽  
Jérôme Rossier
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Career Concern ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Over Time

Self-esteem, general self-efficacy, and career adaptability, which include career concern, control, curiosity, and confidence, are important resources for adolescents who are required to make important educational and professional choices. No studies have investigated how these resources codevelop over time and their impact on life satisfaction. To more precisely study this codevelopment and the impact of these resources on well-being, 357 Swiss adolescents were assessed 3 times during the last 17 months of compulsory school. The results showed an interrelationship between career adaptability and self-efficacy and a unidirectional effect of self-esteem on life satisfaction over time. They also highlighted the importance of career adapt-ability concerns for predicting the other three career adapt-abilities. Overall, the results suggested that in adolescents, higher levels of career adaptability may favor higher levels of general self-efficacy and that higher levels of self-esteem may induce higher levels of life satisfaction. Implications for practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, Executive Functioning, and Stress: Exploring a Process Model in Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Sarah Ullrich-French ◽  
Anne E. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Trait Mindfulness ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
State Mindfulness ◽  
Yoga Class

The association of trait mindfulness with emotional well-being has been found to be mediated by executive functioning. However, there is little empirical evidence on this process in adolescents. Therefore, this study tested these associations using an adolescent sample participating in a physical education yoga class. This study extended previous research by also including self-compassion and state mindfulness in addition to trait mindfulness. A prospective design employed a pilot yoga curriculum in a high school physical education class. Adolescents (N = 20) completed assessments of trait mindfulness and self-compassion at baseline, state mindfulness experienced during yoga classes over the 12 week physical education yoga class, and six indices of executive functioning and stress at the end of the 12 weeks. Path analysis was used to test the process model found by Short with the extensions of self-compassion and state mindfulness. Self-compassion directly predicted problems with activity level impulse control and indirectly predicted stress. When self-compassion did not predict specific executive functioning indicators, state mindfulness experienced in yoga predicted stress. This study contributes preliminary evidence that suggests further research into the unique effects of trait and state mindfulness as well as self-compassion on adolescent cognitive and affective outcomes. Results support the use of contemplative practices, such as yoga, in adolescent physical education as a strategy to boost emotion regulation processes.

Personality's Correlates of Adult Development and Aging

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Vittorio Caprara ◽  
Mariagiovanna Caprara ◽  
Patrizia Steca
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Development And Aging ◽  
And Gender

Three cross-sectional studies examined stability and change in personality over the course of life by measuring the relations linking age to personality traits, self-efficacy beliefs, values, and well-being in large samples of Italian male and female participants. In each study, relations between personality and age were examined across several age groups ranging from young adulthood to old age. In each study, personality constructs were first examined in terms of mean group differences accrued by age and gender and then in terms of their correlations with age across gender and age groups. Furthermore, personality-age correlations were also calculated, controlling for the demographic effects accrued by marital status, education, and health. Findings strongly indicated that personality functioning does not necessarily decline in the later years of life, and that decline is more pronounced in males than it is in females across several personality dimensions ranging from personality traits, such as emotional stability, to self-efficacy beliefs, such as efficacy in dealing with negative affect. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for personality theory and social policy.

The Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS) Scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bonino ◽  
Federica Graziano ◽  
Martina Borghi ◽  
Davide Marengo ◽  
Giorgia Molinengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
And Coping

Abstract. This research developed a new scale to evaluate Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS). The aim of this study was to investigate dimensionality, item functioning, measurement invariance, and concurrent validity of the SEMS scale. Data were collected from 203 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (mean age, 39.5 years; 66% women; 95% having a relapsing remitting form of MS). Fifteen items of the SEMS scale were submitted to patients along with measures of psychological well-being, sense of coherence, depression, and coping strategies. Data underwent Rasch analysis and correlation analysis. Rasch analysis indicates the SEMS as a multidimensional construct characterized by two correlated dimensions: goal setting and symptom management, with satisfactory reliability coefficients. Overall, the 15 items reported acceptable fit statistics; the scale demonstrated measurement invariance (with respect to gender and disease duration) and good concurrent validity (positive correlations with psychological well-being, sense of coherence, and coping strategies and negative correlations with depression). Preliminary evidence suggests that SEMS is a psychometrically sound measure to evaluate perceived self-efficacy of MS patients with moderate disability, and it would be a valuable instrument for both research and clinical applications.

Emotional Impact Feedback Changes How We Remember Negative Autobiographical Experiences

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie K. T. Takarangi ◽  
Deryn Strange
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Negative Memory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Memories ◽  
Over Time

When people are told that their negative memories are worse than other people’s, do they later remember those events differently? We asked participants to recall a recent negative memory then, 24 h later, we gave some participants feedback about the emotional impact of their event – stating it was more or less negative compared to other people’s experiences. One week later, participants recalled the event again. We predicted that if feedback affected how participants remembered their negative experiences, their ratings of the memory’s characteristics should change over time. That is, when participants are told that their negative event is extremely negative, their memories should be more vivid, recollected strongly, and remembered from a personal perspective, compared to participants in the other conditions. Our results provide support for this hypothesis. We suggest that external feedback might be a potential mechanism in the relationship between negative memories and psychological well-being.

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