scholarly journals Color’s Indispensable Role in the Rapid Detection of Food

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Sato
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Psychological Experiment ◽  
Psychological Studies

The detection of food is crucial for our survival and health. Earlier experimental psychological studies have demonstrated that participants detect food more rapidly than non-food stimuli. However, it remains unknown whether color, which was shown to have various influences on food processing, can modulate the detection of food. To address this issue, a psychological experiment was conducted using a visual search paradigm in which photographs of food (fast food and Japanese food) and kitchen utensils were presented alongside images of non-food distractors (cars), with both color and gray images used. Participants used a key to indicate whether one item was different from the rest, and their reaction times (RTs) were measured. RTs for the detection of both food types were shorter than for the kitchen utensils when color images were used, but not when gray images were used; moreover, the RTs were slower for gray images than for color images for both food types but not for kitchen utensils. These results indicate that color facilitates rapid detection of food in the environment.

scholarly journals Cultural differences in food detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Krystyna Rymarczyk ◽  
Kazusa Minemoto ◽  
Sylwia Hyniewska
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Reaction Time Data ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Food Detection ◽  
Cultural Experiences

Abstract The ability to detect food plays an indispensable role in our survival and wellbeing. Previous psychological studies have revealed that food is detected more rapidly than non-food items. However, whether the detection of food could be modulated by cultural factors remains unknown. We investigated this issue in the present study using a visual search paradigm with Polish and Japanese participants. Photographs of international fast food, domestic Japanese food, or kitchen tools were presented alongside images of non-food distractors (cars). Participants were asked to judge whether the stimuli were all identical or not. The reaction time data showed that participants from both cultures detected food more rapidly than kitchen tools. Japanese participants detected fast food more rapidly than Japanese food, whereas Polish participants did not display such differences between food types. These results suggest that rapid detection of food is universal, but is modulated by cultural experiences.

scholarly journals Outbreaks, Germination, and Inactivation of Bacillus cereus in Food Products: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1480-1487
Author(s):  
WON CHOI ◽  
SANG-SOON KIM
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks ◽  
Food Commodity

ABSTRACT Bacillus cereus has been reported as a foodborne pathogen worldwide. Although food processing technologies to inactivate the pathogen have been developed for decades, foodborne outbreaks related to B. cereus have occurred. In the present review, foodborne outbreaks, germination, inactivation, and detection of B. cereus are discussed, along with inactivation mechanisms. B. cereus outbreaks from 2003 to 2016 are reported based on food commodity, number of cases, and consequent illnesses. Germination before sporicidal treatments is highlighted as an effective way to inactivate B. cereus, because the resistance of the pathogen increases significantly following sporulation. Several germinants used for B. cereus are listed, and their efficacies are compared. Finally, recently used interventions with sporicidal mechanisms are identified, and rapid detection methods that have been developed are discussed. Combining two or more interventions, known as the hurdle technology concept, is suggested to maximize the sporicidal effect. Further study is needed to ensure food safety and to understand germination mechanisms and sporicidal resistance of B. cereus. HIGHLIGHTS

scholarly journals Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa dengan Usaha Kuliner Tradisional pada Kelompok Boga Ganesha Kabupaten Buleleng

2017 ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
MADE SUDANA ◽  
I GEDE SETIAWAN ADI PUTRA ◽  
NYOMAN PARINING
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Village Community ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Village

The Village Community Empowerment With Traditional Culinary Business in the Group of Boga Ganesha Buleleng The development of fast food must be balanced with the consumption of traditional foods because fast food is allegedly to be a risk factor for the emergence of various diseases. This study aimed to analyze the behavior of IbIKK group of Boga Ganesha. The choice of location of the research was determined purposively with the consideration that the Boga Ganesha is one of the groups to empower the people with the traditional culinary efforts. The method used in collecting the data in this study was interviews with questionnaire instruments. Based on the research results, the potential of the IbIKK of Boga Ganesha is a kosher, hygienic and healthy traditional food processing. Behavior that was demonstrated by the members can be classified into an excellent category (4,6). The achievement of the implementation of the empowerment program that is included in the category of successful (4,2). Empowerment of program aimed to improve the quality of human resources. In this regard, members of the group should implement their skills so that they can open up business opportunities in order to improve the economy of the family. To support this, the facilitator should use the appropriate method so that all participants can obtain information equally.

scholarly journals Cultural Moderation of Unconscious Hedonic Responses to Food

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Krystyna Rymarczyk ◽  
Kazusa Minemoto ◽  
Jakub Wojciechowski ◽  
Sylwia Hyniewska
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Rating Task ◽  
Cultural Experiences ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Preference Ratings ◽  
Food Images ◽  
Psychological Studies

Previous psychological studies have shown that images of food elicit hedonic responses, either consciously or unconsciously, and that participants’ cultural experiences moderate conscious hedonic ratings of food. However, whether cultural factors moderate unconscious hedonic responses to food remains unknown. We investigated this issue in Polish and Japanese participants using the subliminal affective priming paradigm. Images of international fast food and domestic Japanese food were presented subliminally as prime stimuli. Participants rated their preferences for the subsequently presented target ideographs. Participants also rated their preferences for supraliminally presented food images. In the subliminal rating task, Polish participants showed higher preference ratings for fast food primes than for Japanese food primes, whereas Japanese participants showed comparable preference ratings across these two conditions. In the supraliminal rating task, both Polish and Japanese participants reported comparable preferences for fast and Japanese food stimuli. These results suggest that cultural experiences moderate unconscious hedonic responses to food, which may not be detected based on explicit ratings.

scholarly journals Age-related changes in visual search: manipulation of colour cues based on cone contrast and opponent modulation space

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuto Tamura ◽  
Keiko Sato
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Visual Space ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Human Lens ◽  
Search Performance ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Colour Perception ◽  
Age Related

AbstractReduced retinal illuminance affects colour perception in older adults, and studies show that they exhibit deficiencies in yellow-blue (YB) discrimination. However, the influence of colour cues on the visual attention in older individuals remains unclarified. Visual attention refers to the cognitive model by which we prioritise regions within the visual space and selectively process information. The present study aimed to explore the effect of colour on visual search performance in older observers. In our experiment, younger observers wearing glasses with a filter that simulated the spectral transmittance of the aging human lens and older observers performed two types of search tasks, feature search (FS) and conjunction search (CS), under three colour conditions: red-green, YB, and luminance. Targets and distractors were designed on the basis of the Derrington–Krauskopf–Lennie colour representation. In FS tasks, reaction times changed according to colour in all groups, especially under the YB condition, regardless of the presence or absence of distractors. In CS tasks with distractors, older participants and younger participants wearing glasses showed slower responses under chromatic conditions than under the achromatic condition. These results provide preliminary evidence that, for older observers, visual search performance may be affected by impairments in chromatic colour discrimination.

Theory of Visual Attention (TVA)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Bundesen ◽  
Thomas Habekost
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Computational Theory ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects ◽  
Psychological Studies

The theory of visual attention introduced by Bundesen (1990) is reviewed. The authors first describe TVA as a formal computational theory of visual attention and summarize applications of TVA to psychological studies of performance (reaction times and error rates) in healthy human subjects. They then explain their neurophysiological interpretation of TVA, NTVA, and exemplify how NTVA accounts for findings from single-cell studies in primates. Finally the authors review how TVA has been applied to study attentional functions in neuropsychological, pharmacological, and genetic research.

Serial and Parallel Search in Pattern Vision?

Perception ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott B Steinman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
The Other ◽  
Parallel Search ◽  
Lateral Separation ◽  
Serial Search ◽  
Initial Results

The nature of the processing of combinations of stimulus dimensions in human vision has recently been investigated. A study is reported in which visual search for suprathreshold positional information—vernier offsets, stereoscopic disparity, lateral separation, and orientation—was examined. The initial results showed that reaction times for visual search for conjunctions of stereoscopic disparity and either vernier offsets or orientation were independent of the number of distracting stimuli displayed, suggesting that disparity was searched in parallel with vernier offsets or orientation. Conversely, reaction times for detection of conjunctions of vernier offsets and orientation, or lateral separation and each of the other positional judgements, were related linearly to the number of distractors, suggesting serial search. However, practice has a significant effect upon the results, indicative of a shift in the mode of search from serial to parallel for all conjunctions tested as well as for single features. This suggests a reinter-pretation of these and perhaps other studies that use the Treisman visual search paradigm, in terms of perceptual segregation of the visual field by disparity, motion, color, and pattern features such as colinearity, orientation, lateral separation, or size.

OVERT AND COVERT VISUAL SEARCH IN PRIMATES: REACTION TIMES AND GAZE SHIFT STRATEGIES

2009 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 137-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANS-CHRISTOPH NOTHDURFT ◽  
IVAN N. PIGAREV ◽  
SABINE KASTNER
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Gaze Shift
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