An Event-Related Potentials Study on the Syntactic Transfer Effect of Late Language Learners

This study explored the syntactic transfer effect of the non-local subject-verb agreement structure with plural head noun after two intensive phases of input training with event-related potentials (ERP). The non-local subject-verb agreement stimuli with the plural head nouns, which never appeared in training phases, were used for the stimuli. A total of 26 late L1-Chinese L2-English learners, who began to learn English after a critical period and participated in our previous experiments, were asked back to take part in this syntactic transfer experiment. Results indicated that a significant ERP component P600 occurred in the key region (the verb) of the sentences with syntactic violations in the experimental group, but none occurred in the control group. This demonstrated that there was a significant transfer effect of the input training. The possible theoretical explanation was provided and also the malleability of the late L2 learners was discussed.

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EEG Measurement of Emotion Processing in Children with Daytime Urinary Incontinence

Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie ◽

10.1024/1422-4917/a000563 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 336-341

Author(s):

Justine Niemczyk ◽

Monika Equit ◽

Katja Rieck ◽

Mathias Rubly ◽

Catharina Wagner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Patient Group ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Emotion Processing ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Oddball Paradigm ◽

Control Group ◽

Central Processing ◽

Daytime Urinary Incontinence ◽

Related Potentials

Abstract. Objective: Daytime urinary incontinence (DUI) is common in childhood. The aim of the study was to neurophysiologically analyse the central emotion processing in children with DUI. Method: In 20 children with DUI (mean age 8.1 years, 55 % male) and 20 controls (mean age 9.1 years, 75 % male) visual event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded after presenting emotionally valent (80 neutral, 40 positive, and 40 negative) pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) as an oddball-paradigm. All children received a full organic and psychiatric assessment. Results: Children with DUI did not differ significantly from controls regarding responses to emotional pictures in the frontal, central, and parietal regions and in the time intervals 250–450 ms, 450–650 ms, and 650–850 ms after stimulus onset. The patient group had more psychological symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities than the control group. Conclusions: EEG responses to emotional stimuli are not altered in children with DUI. Central emotion processing does not play a major role in DUI. Further research, including a larger sample size, a more homogeneous patient group (regarding subtype of DUI) or brain imaging techniques, could reveal more about the central processing in DUI.

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Event related potentials in cases of amblyaudia

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20201293 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 747

Author(s):

Wessam Mostafa Essawy

Keyword(s):

Auditory Processing ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Speech Development ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Control Group ◽

Auditory Information ◽

Central Auditory Processing ◽

Auditory Processing Disorders ◽

Central Auditory Processing Disorders ◽

Related Potentials

Background: Amblyaudia is a weakness in the listener’s binaural processing of auditory information. Subjects with amblyaudia also demonstrate binaural integration deficits and may display similar patterns in their evoked responses in terms of latency and amplitude of these responses. The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of amblyaudia in a population of young children subjects and to measure mismatch negativity (MMN), P300 and cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) for those individuals.Methods: Subjects included in this study were divided into 2 groups control group that consisted of 20 normal hearing subjects with normal developmental milestones and normal speech development. The study group (GII) consisted of 50 subjects with central auditory processing disorders (CAPDs) diagnosed by central auditory screening tests. Results: With using dichotic tests including dichotic digits test (DDT) and competing sentence test (CST), we could classify these cases into normal, dichotic dysaudia, amblyaudia, and amblyaudia plus with percentages (40%, 14%, 38%, 8% respectively). Using event related potentials, we found that P300 and MMN are more specific in detecting neurocognitive dysfunction related to allocation of attentional resources and immediate memory in these cases.Conclusions: The presence of amblyaudia in cases of central auditory processing disorders (CAPDs) and event related potentials is an objective tool for diagnosis, prognosis and follow up after rehabilitation.

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Language background affects online word order processing in a second language but not offline

Bilingualism Language and Cognition ◽

10.1017/s1366728918000573 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (04) ◽

pp. 802-825 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ANNIKA ANDERSSON ◽

SUSAN SAYEHLI ◽

MARIANNE GULLBERG

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Word Order ◽

English Learners ◽

Native Speakers ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Language Background ◽

Order Processing ◽

Online Processing ◽

Related Potentials ◽

Crosslinguistic Influence

This study examines possible crosslinguistic influence on basic word order processing in a second language (L2). Targeting Swedish V2 word order we investigate adult German learners (+V2 in the L1) and English learners (-V2 in the L1) of Swedish who are matched for proficiency. We report results from two offline behavioural tasks (written production, metalinguistic judgements), and online processing as measured by event-related potentials (ERPs). All groups showed sensitivity to word order violations behaviourally and neurocognitively. Behaviourally, the learners differed from the native speakers only on judgements. Crucially, they did not differ from each other. Neurocognitively, all groups showed a similar increased centro-parietal P600 ERP-effect, but German learners (+V2) displayed more nativelike anterior ERP-effects than English learners (-V2). The results suggest crosslinguistic influence in that the presence of a similar word order in the L1 can facilitate online processing in an L2 – even if no offline behavioural effects are discerned.

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The Impact of Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) on Phrasal Verbs of Iranian Intermediate EFL Students

Advances in Mobile and Distance Learning - Handbook of Research on Mobile Learning in Contemporary Classrooms ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0251-7.ch011 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 217-239

Author(s):

Mohsen Shahrokhi ◽

Mina Kamyabi

Keyword(s):

Language Learning ◽

Language Learners ◽

English Learners ◽

Control Group ◽

Phrasal Verbs ◽

Mobile Assisted Language Learning ◽

Learning Instruction ◽

Efl Students ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

This study investigated the impact of Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) on phrasal verbs learning in EFL context. Participants were 40 intermediate Iranian English learners. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups of 20 each. The instruction of the control group was limited to the class activities but the experimental group received the instruction through Short Messaging Service (SMS) on their smart cellphones and worked with a new phrasal verbs learning application by Cambridge University Press called Phrasal Verbs Machine (PVM). The analysis of the data revealed that MALL instruction was more effective than in class language learning instruction. Results of the study indicate that smart cellphones as a tool for language learning provide a platform for language learners to use the language actively.

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The Influence of Subclinical Neck Pain on Neurophysiological and Behavioral Measures of Multisensory Integration

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci9120362 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 362

Author(s):

Antonia M. Karellas ◽

Paul Yielder ◽

James J. Burkitt ◽

Heather S. McCracken ◽

Bernadette A. Murphy

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Neck Pain ◽

Multisensory Integration ◽

Performance Measures ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Control Group ◽

Neural Processing ◽

Significant Group ◽

Related Potentials

Multisensory integration (MSI) is necessary for the efficient execution of many everyday tasks. Alterations in sensorimotor integration (SMI) have been observed in individuals with subclinical neck pain (SCNP). Altered audiovisual MSI has previously been demonstrated in this population using performance measures, such as reaction time. However, neurophysiological techniques have not been combined with performance measures in the SCNP population to determine differences in neural processing that may contribute to these behavioral characteristics. Electroencephalography (EEG) event-related potentials (ERPs) have been successfully used in recent MSI studies to show differences in neural processing between different clinical populations. This study combined behavioral and ERP measures to characterize MSI differences between healthy and SCNP groups. EEG was recorded as 24 participants performed 8 blocks of a simple reaction time (RT) MSI task, with each block consisting of 34 auditory (A), visual (V), and audiovisual (AV) trials. Participants responded to the stimuli by pressing a response key. Both groups responded fastest to the AV condition. The healthy group demonstrated significantly faster RTs for the AV and V conditions. There were significant group differences in neural activity from 100–140 ms post-stimulus onset, with the control group demonstrating greater MSI. Differences in brain activity and RT between individuals with SCNP and a control group indicate neurophysiological alterations in how individuals with SCNP process audiovisual stimuli. This suggests that SCNP alters MSI. This study presents novel EEG findings that demonstrate MSI differences in a group of individuals with SCNP.

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Neural correlates of negative expectancy and impaired social feedback processing in social anxiety

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience ◽

10.1093/scan/nsaa038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 285-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruolei Gu ◽

Xiang Ao ◽

Licheng Mo ◽

Dandan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Social Anxiety ◽

Cognitive Processing ◽

Social Acceptance ◽

Cognitive Biases ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Control Group ◽

Social Feedback ◽

Feedback Processing ◽

Related Potentials ◽

High Social Anxiety

Abstract Social anxiety has been associated with abnormalities in cognitive processing in the literature, manifesting as various cognitive biases. To what extent these biases interrupt social interactions remains largely unclear. This study used the Social Judgment Paradigm that could separate the expectation and experience stages of social feedback processing. Event-related potentials (ERPs) in these two stages were recorded to detect the effect of social anxiety that might not be reflected by behavioral data. Participants were divided into two groups according to their social anxiety level. Participants in the high social anxiety (HSA) group were more likely to predict that they would be socially rejected by peers than did their low social anxiety (LSA) counterparts (i.e. the control group). Compared to the ERP data of the LSA group, the HSA group showed: (a) a larger P1 component to social cues (peer faces) prior to social feedback presentation, possibly indicating an attention bias; (b) a difference in feedback-related negativity amplitude between unexpected social acceptance and unexpected social rejection, possibly indicating an expectancy bias; and (c) a diminished sensitivity of the P3 amplitude to social feedback valence (be accepted/be rejected), possibly indicating an experience bias. These results could help understand the cognitive mechanisms that comprise and maintain social anxiety.

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Is cognitive processing affected in adults with hypospadias?: P300 study

Open Medicine ◽

10.1515/med-2015-0059 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hakan Tekeli ◽

Hasan Koçoğlu ◽

Cabir Alan ◽

Mustafa Emir Tavşanlı ◽

Halit Yaşar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Processing ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

P300 Amplitude ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Oddball Paradigm ◽

Control Group ◽

P300 Latency ◽

Urogenital System ◽

Cognitive Changes ◽

Related Potentials

AbstractBackground: Hypospadias is a common urogenital system disorder. The frenulum, which is the most sensitive area of the glans penis, is not present in patients with hypospadias. This may lead to a failure in sexual and ejaculatory function, and cause emotional problems affecting cognitive processes.Aim: We aimed to study auditory Event Related Potentials (ERP) in patients with hypospadias to understand the status of cognitive function.Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients with hypospadias who presented to the Urology Outpatient Clinic of Çanakkale Military Hospital, and 11 healthy individuals of similar age were chosen. The auditory oddball paradigm with ERP from the Cz and Fz head regions were studied. The latency and amplitude of the P300 wave were measured.Results: Both, the study and control groups consisted of young males. Although the study group had a longer P300 latency and lower P300 amplitude when compared to control group, the results were not statistically significant (p: 0.059 and 0.346 respectively).Conclusion: Although the results are not statistically significant, our findings indicate that there may be cognitive changes in patients with hypospadias. Further studies of larger sample size and older patient cohorts are needed.

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Impaired Emotional Self-Referential Processing in First-Episode Schizophrenia

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.591401 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yanli Zhao ◽

Zhiren Wang ◽

Yueyao Zhang ◽

Yuanyuan Zhang ◽

Jinguo Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brain Activity ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

First Episode ◽

Control Group ◽

Task Effects ◽

Referential Processing ◽

Schizophrenic Patients ◽

Related Potentials ◽

Automatic Attention ◽

Self Reference

Impairments in self-representation are relevant to the expression of psychosis. To date, the characteristics and neural mechanisms of self-impairment in schizophrenia remain unclear. To this end, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to measure brain activity in 56 first-episode patients with schizophrenia and 56 healthy controls. Participants judged personal trait adjectives regarding themselves, their mothers, or a public person, followed by an unexpected old/new recognition test. The recognition score for mother-reference adjectives was lower than that for self-reference adjectives in patients, while the control group showed comparatively high recognition scores for both self- and mother-referential adjectives. In addition, control subjects recognized more negative words, while patients remembered more positive words. ERP data revealed that controls exhibited typical task effects (self-reference = mother-reference > other-reference) during both automatic attention and effortful encoding periods [indexed by P2 and the late positive potential (LPP), respectively]. In contrast, patients only exhibited the task effect in the P2 amplitude. Moreover, controls exhibited larger P2 amplitudes during encoding negative than positive words, whereas patients had enhanced LPP amplitudes during memory retrieval of positive compared to negative words. These findings demonstrated self-representation dysfunction in first-episode schizophrenic patients in mother (the intimate other) referential processing and the absence of a negative memory bias.

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Electroencephalographic Parameters Differentiating Melancholic Depression, Non-melancholic Depression, and Healthy Controls. A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.648713 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Caroline Fussing Bruun ◽

Caroline Juhl Arnbjerg ◽

Lars Vedel Kessing

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Unipolar Depression ◽

Control Group ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Melancholic Depression ◽

Related Potentials ◽

The Individual ◽

Almost All

Introduction: The objective of this systematic review was to investigate whether electroencephalographic parameters can serve as a tool to distinguish between melancholic depression, non-melancholic depression, and healthy controls in adults.Methods: A systematic review comprising an extensive literature search conducted in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO in August 2020 with monthly updates until November 1st, 2020. In addition, we performed a citation search and scanned reference lists. Clinical trials that performed an EEG-based examination on an adult patient group diagnosed with melancholic unipolar depression and compared with a control group of non-melancholic unipolar depression and/or healthy controls were eligible. Risk of bias was assessed by the Strengthening of Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist.Results: A total of 24 studies, all case-control design, met the inclusion criteria and could be divided into three subgroups: Resting state studies (n = 5), sleep EEG studies (n = 10), and event-related potentials (ERP) studies (n = 9). Within each subgroup, studies were characterized by marked variability on almost all levels, preventing pooling of data, and many studies were subject to weighty methodological problems. However, the main part of the studies identified one or several EEG parameters that differentiated the groups.Conclusions: Multiple EEG modalities showed an ability to distinguish melancholic patients from non-melancholic patients and/or healthy controls. The considerable heterogeneity across studies and the frequent methodological difficulties at the individual study level were the main limitations to this work. Also, the underlying premise of shifting diagnostic paradigms may have resulted in an inhomogeneous patient population.Systematic Review Registration: Registered in the PROSPERO registry on August 8th, 2020, registration number CRD42020197472.

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Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control Are Altered in Women With Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnsys.2020.593581 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Genevieve Z. Steiner ◽

Robert J. Barry ◽

Katherine Wassink ◽

Frances M. De Blasio ◽

Jack S. Fogarty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Control ◽

Pelvic Pain ◽

Chronic Pelvic Pain ◽

Performance Test ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Event Related Potential ◽

Pain Severity ◽

Control Group ◽

Severity Scores ◽

Related Potentials

Endometriosis is a debilitating women's health condition and is the most common cause of chronic pelvic pain. Impaired cognitive control is common in chronic pain conditions, however, it has not yet been investigated in endometriosis. The aim of this study was to explore the neuronal correlates of cognitive control in women with endometriosis. Using a cross-sectional study design with data collected at a single time-point, event-related potentials were elicited during a cued continuous performance test from 20 women with endometriosis (mean age = 28.5 ± 5.2 years) and 20 age- and gender-matched controls (mean age = 28.5 ± 5.2 years). Event-related potential components were extracted and P3 component amplitudes were derived with temporal principal components analysis. Behavioral and ERP outcomes were compared between groups and subjective pain severity was correlated with ERP component amplitudes. No significant behavioral differences were seen in task performance between the groups (all p > 0.094). Target P3b (all p < 0.034) and SW (all p < 0.040), and non-target early P3a (eP3a; all p < 0.023) and late P3a (lP3a; all p < 0.035) amplitudes were smaller for the endometriosis compared to the healthy control group. Lower non-target eP3a (p < 0.001), lP3a (p = 0.013), and SW (p = 0.019) amplitudes were correlated with higher pain severity scores. Findings suggest that endometriosis-associated chronic pelvic pain is linked to alterations in stimulus-response processing and inhibitory control networks, but not impaired behavioral performance, due to compensatory neuroplastic changes in overlapping cognitive control and pain networks.

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