scholarly journals The Five-Factor Perceived Shared Mental Model Scale: A Consolidation of Items Across the Contemporary Literature

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jandre J. van Rensburg ◽  
Catarina M. Santos ◽  
Simon B. de Jong ◽  
Sjir Uitdewilligen

Literature on Shared Mental Models (SMMs) has been burgeoning in recent years and this has provided increasingly detailed insight and evidence into the importance of SMMs within specific contexts. However, because past research predominantly focused on SMM structure as measured by diverse, context-dependent measures, a consolidated multi-dimensional measure of perceived SMMs that can be used across diverse team contexts is currently lacking. Furthermore, different conceptualizations of the dimensionality of SMMs exist, which further impedes the comparison between studies. These key limitations might hinder future development in the SMM literature. We argue that the field of SMMs has now matured enough that it is possible to take a deductive approach and evaluate the prior studies in order to refine the key SMMs dimensions, operationalizations, and measurement. Hence, we take a three-stage approach to consolidate existing literature scale-based measures of SMMs, using four samples. Ultimately, this leads to a 20-item five-dimensional scale (i.e., equipment, execution, interaction, composition, and temporal SMMs) – the Five Factor Perceived Shared Mental Model Scale (5-PSMMS). Our scale provides scholars with a tool which enables the measurement, and comparison, of SMMs across diverse team contexts. It offers practitioners the option to more straightforwardly assess perceived SMMs in their teams, allowing the identification of challenges in their teams and facilitating the design of appropriate interventions.

Author(s):  
Yosef S. Razin ◽  
Jack Gale ◽  
Jiaojiao Fan ◽  
Jaznae’ Smith ◽  
Karen M. Feigh

This paper evaluates Banks et al.’s Human-AI Shared Mental Model theory by examining how a self-driving vehicle’s hazard assessment facilitates shared mental models. Participants were asked to affirm the vehicle’s assessment of road objects as either hazards or mistakes in real-time as behavioral and subjective measures were collected. The baseline performance of the AI was purposefully low (<50%) to examine how the human’s shared mental model might lead to inappropriate compliance. Results indicated that while the participant true positive rate was high, overall performance was reduced by the large false positive rate, indicating that participants were indeed being influenced by the Al’s faulty assessments, despite full transparency as to the ground-truth. Both performance and compliance were directly affected by frustration, mental, and even physical demands. Dispositional factors such as faith in other people’s cooperativeness and in technology companies were also significant. Thus, our findings strongly supported the theory that shared mental models play a measurable role in performance and compliance, in a complex interplay with trust.


Author(s):  
Rosemarie Reynolds ◽  
Alex J. Mirot ◽  
Prince D. Nudze

Unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) are becoming part of the aviation landscape, taking on the dirty, dangerous, or dull operations traditionally completed by military and specialized civil aircraft. These operations often require high levels of team coordination. Team coordination is facilitated when team members share a mental model of group tasks and the individual crewmember's responsibilities in the performance of these tasks. The shared mental model is therefore critical for unmanned aircraft system teams to complete their operational objectives. The ability to forge a shared mental model is complicated by the diverse and often distributed nature of unmanned aircraft system teams. Before strategies can be developed to create accurate shared mental models, researchers must effectively measure shared mental models. This chapter explores the measurement of shared mental models in UASs.


2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 271-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAIVAN KAMALI ◽  
XIAOCONG FAN ◽  
JOHN YEN

Helping behavior in effective teams is achieved via some overlapping "shared mental models" that are developed and maintained by members of the team. In this paper, we take the perspective that multiparty "proactive" communication is critical for establishing and maintaining such a shared mental model among teammates, which is the basis for agents to offer proactive help and to achieve coherent teamwork. We first provide formal semantics for multiparty proactive performatives within a team setting. We then examine how such performatives result in updates to mental model of teammates, and how such updates can trigger helpful behaviors from other teammates. We also provide conversation policies for multiparty proactive performatives.


2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan M Gisick ◽  
Kristen L Webster ◽  
Joseph R Keebler ◽  
Elizabeth H Lazzara ◽  
Sarah Fouquet ◽  
...  

Objective To review common qualitative and quantitative methods of measuring shared mental models appropriate for use in the healthcare setting. Background Shared mental models are the overlap of individuals’ set of knowledge and/or assumptions that act as the basis for understanding and decision making between individuals. Within healthcare, shared mental models facilitate effective teamwork and theorized to influence clinical decision making and performance. With the current rapid growth and expansion of healthcare teams, it is critical that we understand and correctly use shared mental model measurement methods assess optimal team performance. Unfortunately, agreement on the proper measurement of shared mental models within healthcare remains diffuse. Method This paper presents methods appropriate to measure shared mental models within healthcare. Results Multiple shared mental model measurement methods are discussed with regard to their utility within this setting, ease of use, and difficulties in deploying within the healthcare operational environment. For rigorous analysis of shared mental models, it is recommended that a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses be employed. Conclusion There are multitude of shared mental model measurement methods that can be used in the healthcare domain; although there is no perfect solution for every situation. Researchers can utilize this article to determine the best approach for their needs.


2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872110298
Author(s):  
Artemis Skarlatidou ◽  
Lina Ludwig ◽  
Reka Solymosi ◽  
Ben Bradford

We explore young people’s experiences and perceptions of knife crime, and we compare these to the understanding of police experts, to explore the perceptions shaping trust in the police and policing. We carry out an experience sampling survey deployed using a mobile application reflecting on safety and knife crime, to understand young people’s daily lived experiences. We then use the mental models approach to interview young people and police experts and construct a shared mental model which identifies mismatches between the two groups and key areas of discord related to breakdown of trust and communication. We identify gaps, misconceptions and expectations for re-establishing trust and propose strategies to tackle knife crime and improve trust between young people and the police.


2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Griffith ◽  
Carter Gibson ◽  
Kelsey Medeiros ◽  
Alexandra MacDougall ◽  
Jay Hardy ◽  
...  

Leaders have been classified as having charismatic, ideological, or pragmatic (CIP) leadership styles, each characterized by distinct patterns in cognition and interaction. Although each CIP style has been shown to facilitate certain aspects of the creative process for followers, questions remain regarding the impact of leadership style on overall follower creative performance. One factor likely to influence this relationship is leader distance, composed of the physical distance, perceived social distance, and perceived task interaction among leaders and followers. Past research has also emphasized the role of leaders’ mental models as they relate to follower performance. Less understood, however, is how the mental models of followers may affect this process. Using the CIP model of leadership, this study explores leader distance and leader–follower mental model congruence on follower creative performance. Results indicated that while leadership style does not directly influence follower creativity, it interacts with leader distance to shape creative outcomes. Results further indicated that while general mental model congruence is not predictive, alignment on specific mental model dimensions contributes to enhanced creative performance among followers. Implications and future research directions are discussed.


2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Justen ◽  
Robert R. van Doorn ◽  
Fred Zijlstra ◽  
Jelke van der Pal

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Arreola ◽  
Erika Robinson-Morral ◽  
Danielle A. S. Crough ◽  
Ben G. Wigert ◽  
Brad Hullsiek ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Schuster ◽  
Scott Ososky ◽  
Florian Jentsch ◽  
Elizabeth Phillips ◽  
Christian Lebiere ◽  
...  

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