scholarly journals Implementation of Video Feedback Within a Community Based Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Intervention Program for Toddlers With ASD: Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire B. Klein ◽  
Deanna M. Swain ◽  
Bethany Vibert ◽  
Elysha Clark-Whitney ◽  
Amy R. Lemelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Video Feedback ◽  
Adaptive Skills ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Intervention Delivery ◽  
Delivery Technique ◽  
Pilot Randomized Control Trial

Video feedback (VF) is an intervention delivery technique that complements naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions (NDBI) and parent-mediated interventions (PMI) by using caregiver-child interaction videos reviewed with a clinician to facilitate behavioral change in caregivers. Although VF has been implemented in PMI with young children with ASD, examinations of feasibility and acceptability, as well as the potential effectiveness of VF in community settings, have been limited. In this pilot randomized control trial (NCT03397719; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03397719), families were randomized into a state-funded Early Intervention (EI) NDBI program or the NDBI program augmented with VF. Results demonstrated high levels of implementation and acceptability of VF augmenting the community-based EI program in caregivers and clinicians. Both groups showed significant improvements after 6 months in social communication symptoms and some areas of developmental and adaptive skills.Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03397719, identifier: NCT03397719.

A Community-Based Survey and Screening for Depression in the Elderly

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Oyama ◽  
Tomoe Sakashita ◽  
Kei Hojo ◽  
Naoki Watanabe ◽  
Tohru Takizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Depression Screening ◽  
Reference Region ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Intervention Region ◽  
Initial Survey

Background: In addition to implementing a depression screening program, conducting a survey beforehand might contribute to suicide risk reduction for the elderly. Aims: This study evaluates outcomes of a community-based program to prevent suicide among individuals aged 60 and over, using a quasiexperimental design with an intervention region (41,337 residents, 35.1% aged 60 and over) and a neighboring reference region. Methods: Our 2-year intervention program included an anonymous survey by random sample in the entire intervention region and, in the second year, a depression screening with follow-up by a psychiatrist in the higher-risk districts. Changes in the risk of completed suicide were estimated by the incidence-rate ratio (IRR). Results: The risk for men in the intervention region was reduced by 61% (age-adjusted IRR = 0.39; 90% CI = 0.18–0.87), whereas there was a (statistically insignificant) 51% risk reduction for women in the intervention region, and no risk reduction for either men or women in the reference region. The ratio of the crude IRR for elderly men in the intervention region to that for all elderly men in Japan was estimated at 0.42 (90% CI = 0.18–0.92), showing that the risk reduction was greater than the national change. Conclusions: The management of depression through a combination of an initial survey and subsequent screening holds clear promise for prompt effectiveness in the prevention of suicide for elderly men, and potentially for women.

African American men who become mental health advocates

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402110127
Author(s):  
Sandra Yaklin ◽  
Miyong Kim ◽  
Jacklyn Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Working Relationships ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Tailored Messages ◽  
Promote Mental Health

Using a narrative approach, this study explored how African American men became mental health advocates. This ancillary study is part of a formative within an ongoing community based intervention program that was designed to promote mental health of African Americans (AMEN) project within an ongoing community based intervention program that was designed to promote mental health of African Americans (AMEN) project. Narrative research techniques were used to analyze and synthesize the data. Analysis generated one major theme (interdependence) with four supporting sub-themes (credibility, social depression, stigma, and calling). These findings and insights through this qualitative study guided the AMEN project team to formulate effective communication strategies in establishing working relationships with community partners and wider stakeholders as well as crafting culturally tailored messages for African American participants.

scholarly journals Identifying and Managing Malnutrition, Frailty and Sarcopenia in the Community: A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2316
Author(s):  
Shelley Roberts ◽  
Peter Collins ◽  
Megan Rattray
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Context ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Nutrition Care ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Malnutrition, frailty and sarcopenia are becoming increasingly prevalent among community-dwelling older adults; yet are often unidentified and untreated in community settings. There is an urgent need for community-based healthcare professionals (HCPs) from all disciplines, including medicine, nursing and allied health, to be aware of, and to be able to recognise and appropriately manage these conditions. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of malnutrition, frailty and sarcopenia in the community, including their definitions, prevalence, impacts and causes/risk factors; and guidance on how these conditions may be identified and managed by HCPs in the community. A detailed description of the care process, including screening and referral, assessment and diagnosis, intervention, and monitoring and evaluation, relevant to the community context, is also provided. Further research exploring the barriers/enablers to delivering high-quality nutrition care to older community-dwelling adults who are malnourished, frail or sarcopenic is recommended, to inform the development of specific guidance for HCPs in identifying and managing these conditions in the community.

scholarly journals Assessing Health Promotion Interventions: Limitations of Traditional Research Methods in Community-Based Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Dressel ◽  
Robert Schneider ◽  
Melissa DeNomie ◽  
Jennifer Kusch ◽  
Whitney Welch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Community Based ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

Most low-income Americans fail to meet physical activity recommendations. Inactivity and poor diet contribute to obesity, a risk factor for multiple chronic diseases. Health promotion activities have the potential to improve health outcomes for low-income populations. Measuring the effectiveness of these activities, however, can be challenging in community settings. A “Biking for Health” study tested the impact of a bicycling intervention on overweight or obese low-income Latino and African American adults to reduce barriers to cycling and increase physical activity and fitness. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in summer 2015. A 12-week bicycling intervention was implemented at two sites with low-income, overweight, or obese Latino and African American adults. We found that randomized controlled trial methodology was suboptimal for use in this small pilot study and that it negatively affected participation. More discussion is needed about the effectiveness of using traditional research methods in community settings to assess the effectiveness of health promotion interventions. Modifications or alternative methods may yield better results. The aim of this article is to discuss the effectiveness and feasibility of using traditional research methods to assess health promotion interventions in community-based settings.

scholarly journals A community-based randomized trial for the prevention and control of brucellosis among rural populations in Iran: application of the PRECEDE planning model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Jahangiry ◽  
Maryam Khazaee-Pool ◽  
Towhid Babazadeh ◽  
Parvin Sarbakhsh ◽  
Koen Ponnet
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Brucellosis is one of the most frequently occurring zoonotic diseases of veterinary and a public health problem in developing countries. It affects human and animal health and has measurable effects on the productive and reproductive performance of livestock. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to develop a community-based intervention program for brucellosis prevention and control. A two-arm parallel cluster randomized controlled trial investigated the effectiveness of the program over six months in a rural population in Ahar, East Azerbaijan, Iran. A total of 16 village health houses were randomly allocated to the intervention and the control groups (eight per arm), and 400 participants were recruited via household health records in the health houses. The PRECEDE model, which is an acronym for Predisposing, Reinforcing and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation, was used to design, implement, and evaluate the brucellosis prevention and control program. Knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, social support, environmental enabling, and behavioral factors were measured at the baseline and the six-month follow-up. A generalized mixed effects model was used to analyze data. Results: The mean ages (SD) of the intervention and control group respondents were 35.9 (11.87) and 37.28 (11.04) years, respectively. After the six-month intervention, significant between-group differences were found on all PRECEDE variables, adjusted for education, history of brucellosis, and family history of brucellosis. Conclusion: There is a need to consolidate collaborative health and veterinary sector efforts, as well as increase regular vaccination practices and financial resources to support farmers willing to slaughter animals and/or offer slaughter facilities. The present study was able to demonstrate which educational and ecological factors influence behaviors and environments related to brucellosis and, as such, provide evidence of the effectiveness of interventions based on the PROCEDE model.

Assistive Technology-Based Programs and Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions for Helping Adaptive Responding of Children and Adolescents With Rett Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-188
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Stasolla ◽  
Alessandro O. Caffò ◽  
Viviana Perilli
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rett Syndrome ◽  
Challenging Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Adaptive Skills ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Adaptive Responding

This chapter provides the reader with a concise overview of the newest empirical evidences available on the use of assistive technology and cognitive behavioral interventions to promote adaptive skills and decrease challenging behaviors of children and adolescents with Rett syndrome and severe to profound developmental disabilities. Four main categories of studies were identified, namely (1) communication skills, (2) adaptive skills, (3) challenging behavior, and (4) on-task behavior. Twenty-six contributions were reviewed, and 936 participants were involved. Results were largely positive, although rare failures occurred. Educational, clinical, rehabilitative, and psychological implications of the findings were critically discussed. Some useful suggestions for future research and practice were emphasized.

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