scholarly journals Design Strategies for Multi-Unit Residential Buildings During the Post-pandemic Era in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqing Xu ◽  
Yi-Kai Juan
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Housing Unit ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Kano Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 has greatly endangered public health and life safety, leading to new changes in people's housing needs. The purpose of this study is to establish design strategies that are suitable for China's Multi-Unit Residential Buildings (MURBs) in the post-pandemic era, and to identify the users' preferences for these strategies.Methods: This study compiles a set of design requirements by means of a literature review and expert interviews. Three hundred ninety-five online and on-site questionnaires, based on the refined Kano model, were distributed to respondents to reveal their preferences for these strategies. The relationship between the different demographic variables, the preferences of design strategies, as well as the housing unit preferences of home-buyers were also verified by means of an actual project.Results: This study summarizes the four dimensions and 26 design strategies of MURBs in China during the post-pandemic era. These strategies are further extracted into 6 highly attractive, 5 high-value-added and 4 critical quality attributes. In terms of demographic variables, males need more social space, and the elderly need less office space and separate bathrooms in the master bedroom. Due to the impact of the epidemic, people with higher education levels are more required to work at home, and the overall demand for a home working environment is also higher.Conclusion: The home-buyers' preference survey reveals that the housing unit designed based on the refined Kano model is more attractive to home-buyers. The proposed approach can help to provide important and customized decisions to design firms, housing developers, and the government for MURBs planning and strategy formulation in the post-pandemic era in China. More in-depth user surveys in other regions and investigations into the cost assessment of these strategies might be further conducted in the future.

scholarly journals Impact of Implementation of Goods and Service Tax on Indian Banking Sector

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Revathi R. ◽  
Madhushree ◽  
P. S. Aithal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Bank Branches ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

The banking sector is one of the biggest and revenue generating sector in our economy. Indiais a country with impressively splendid banks with sufficient capital and well-regulated rulesand regulations. One of the biggest transformations that the sector faced during this period isGST i.e., Goods and Service Tax, a new tax regime introduced in the midnight of 1 July2017. Now the new tax regime has become one year old and there are so many changeswhich happened in the banking sector during this one-year periods. Introduction of GST tothe banking sector was one the highly risky and challenging role for the government. GST isa replacement to the Value Added Tax (VAT) which was implied on goods and services. Themain purpose of studying the impact of implementation of GST is to avoid double taxationon goods and services. It is a self-regulated tax system with a simplifies tax regime whichreduces the multiplicity of tax. The purpose of this study is to know the challenges faced bythe Banking sector and its effects on the customers after the implementation of the GST.New tax regime made an incredible step by the abolish of centralized registration of thebanks. Now all the bank branches have to register under GST in each state for the smoothfunctioning. The tax rate has created an impression in the banking sector that the sector iscontributing much toward the economic growth of the country. Tax slabs is anotherimportant and critical thing discussed in this paper which has substantially increasedcompared to the old tax regime. Data for the study have been collected from secondary datasources such as journals, internet, and news articles. Using the ABCD qualitative analysistechnique, advantages, benefits, constraints, and disadvantages for both banks and thecustomers for payment of GST are identified.

scholarly journals Effect of Corporate Tax on Government Expenditure in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 157-171
Author(s):  
Patrick Ologbenla
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bound Test

The study investigated the impact of corporate income tax on the government expenditure in Nigeria. Data on corporate income tax, value added tax, interest rate, gross domestic product, petroleum profit tax and consumer price index were collected and used as independent variable in the study while data on public expenditure were collected and used as independent variable in the estimated model. The ARDL bound test was applied and the result showed that corporate income tax have long run relationship that is significant with government expenditure. Other forms of tax such as value added tax and petroleum profit tax also have significant impact on government expenditure. The study concluded that corporate income tax should be sustained in order to ensure that government continue to fulfill her obligation of provision of social amenities that will promote the economic growth of the country.

scholarly journals How Climate Trends Impact on the Thermal Performance of a Typical Residential Building in Madrid

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Soutullo ◽  
E. Giancola ◽  
M. J. Jiménez ◽  
J. A. Ferrer ◽  
M. N. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
The Impact

Based on the European energy directives, the building sector has to provide comfortable levels for occupants with minimum energy consumption as well as to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This paper aims to compare the impact of climate change on the energy performance of residential buildings in order to derive potential design strategies. Different climate file inputs of Madrid have been used to quantify comparatively the thermal needs of two reference residential buildings located in this city. One of them represents buildings older than 40 years built according to the applicable Spanish regulations prior to 1979. The other refers to buildings erected in the last decade under more energy-restrictive constructive regulations. Three different climate databases of Madrid have been used to assess the impact of the evolution of the climate in recent years on the thermal demands of these two reference buildings. Two of them are typical meteorological years (TMY) derived from weather data measured before 2000. On the contrary, the third one is an experimental file representing the average values of the meteorological variables registered in Madrid during the last decade. Annual and monthly comparisons are done between the three climate databases assessing the climate changes. Compared to the TMYs databases, the experimental one records an average air temperature of 1.8 °C higher and an average value of relative humidity that is 9% lower.

Morocco's phosphate company is set for an export surge

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Credit Rating ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Credits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Credit ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Significance Meanwhile, the Office Cherifien des Phosphates (OCP), Morocco’s government-controlled phosphate company, has started production in a new fertiliser unit at its main processing and export centre in Jorf Lasfar, on the Atlantic coast. Morocco’s traditional phosphate industry has been eclipsed in recent years by the rapid development of new sectors such as the automotive and aeronautical industries, which are similarly oriented towards exports. Impacts OCP’s fertiliser production capacity will increase by 50% during 2018, boosting the value added to its phosphate mining activities. Increased volumes of exports of phosphates and fertilisers will counterbalance the impact of relatively low international prices. Once the new cycle of investment is complete, OCP will be in a position to pay back tax credits it has received from the government. Repayment of tax credits would boost OCP's international credit rating.

scholarly journals Pros and cons of gst

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
ARULRAJ S ◽  
KADIRVELU S
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

India is currently going through major reforms in its overall economic sectors.GST is one such kind of great reform. GST is unified indirect tax across the country on the Goods and Services. In the earlier system of Indirect Tax, the tax is levied at each stage separately by the Central Government and State Government at different rates, on the full value of goods as well as the services. But in this GST system, tax will be levied only the value added at each stage. So the government states that this GST is ―one India one Tax‖.This paper focuses on the concept, the benefits which the country will accrue from GST, the impact of GST on manufacturing, entertainment and Service Sectors.

scholarly journals Impact of Value Added Tax to Enugu’s Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 278-287
Author(s):  
MARIA LUISA GONZALES ◽  
FRIDAY ODE
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT           Value-added tax is everywhere; it is in the most of goods and services we purchase. Take for instance; when we go to the salon to get our hair done, when we gas up our car, vat is also included in what we pay.  In the Philippines, the value-added tax is a form of sales tax. It is a tax on the consumption levied on the sale, barter exchange, or lease of goods, properties, and services in the Philippines, and on importation of goods into the country, it is an indirect tax that may be shifted or passed into the buyer transferring lease of goods, properties or services. While in Nigeria, VAT is a Federal Government Tax that is administered using the existing machinery of the Federal Inland Revenue Services (FIRS). This study assessed the impact of value-added tax on Enugu Nigeria’s Economy, specifically to Government, Business Organizations, and Consumers, the problems identified, significant relationships, and the solutions recommended. The findings revealed that VAT has a significant impact on business organizations and consumers but positively on the part of the government. Recommendation for the improvement is for the consumer with low average earnings should be exempted in paying the VAT provided however, criteria must be set to exempt them in VAT. Keyword: Social Sciences, Impact, Value added Tax, Revenue, descriptive research design, Philippines

scholarly journals Post-war sustainable housing design strategies: the case of reconstruction in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Hala Ali Abdulrazaq ◽  
Manuel Correia Guedes
Keyword(s):  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
Old City ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post War

The damage of architecture in Iraq has been caused by a series of wars during the last four decades. The last conflict against the Islamic State from 2014 to 2017 caused severe destruction to the buildings in seven governorates, namely: Nineveh, Baghdad, Anbar, Babel, Kirkuk, Diyala, Salah Aldeen. three years after the Iraqi government has announced liberation, the cities are still covered by tons of rubble and thousands of people are still staying in camps. Several international humanitarian organizations are providing urgent assistance to help some local people to rebuild their homes. This paper presents initial results of an ongoing PhD research, which focuses on the role of architectural design in the postwar reconstruction in Iraq. It addresses an architectural damage assessment of the Post-War in the Old City of Mosul, after liberation from ISIS in 2017. The damage assessment focuses the residential buildings as it is the most affected sector and the most needed to start re-building. As rubble is the main obstacle for the residents besides that it's the first step for the recovery, this paper studies the scale of destruction to determine the quantity and quality of rubble in this historic city. Thus, it presents the current actions taken by locals and examines the government movements towards rubble management. Results show that, the unguided strategy of rebuilding is inefficient causing more damage to the environment and there is no comprehensive plan to protect historic buildings with a high heritage. The aim of this paper is to provide basic guidelines and recommendations for preventing further destruction to the heritage of the Old City.

scholarly journals Trade Policy, Infrastructure and Agricultural Output in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Lionel Effiom ◽  
Bassey Ebi
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Government ◽  
Liberalization Policy ◽  
The Impact

The collapse of the international price of crude oil in 2015 and its attendant negative consequences on government fiscal capacity and development efforts re-echoed the need for Nigerians to return to agriculture as the surest means of conserving foreign exchange and revamping productive capacity. Within this context, this paper deploys the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) econometric methodology to investigate the impact of Nigeria’s trade policy and infrastructural development on agricultural value added. Findings show that in the long run Nigeria’s trade liberalization policy is a disincentive to the growth of the agricultural sector value added, while key components of infrastructure (roads, telecommunications, and electricity consumption) had a significant relationship with the agricultural sector. We advocate guided trade liberalization wherein, while embracing the principles of conventional trade deregulation, the government properly articulates the weakness of the economy’s productive structure and encourage farmers and local producers to attain maturity. Specifically, the current ban on some selected food items should be consolidated, without which Nigeria would continue to be a net food importer. Goveronment might consider studying and implementing the African Development Bank’s Infrastructure Action Plan for Nigeria.

scholarly journals Impact of Revised Code NBC105 on Assessment and Design of Low Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jagat K. Shrestha ◽  
Nirajan Paudel ◽  
Bishal Koirala ◽  
Binod R. Giri ◽  
Adarsha Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Building Codes ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Base Shear ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Buildings ◽  
Concrete Buildings ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Gorkha Earthquake in 2015 has impacted considerably in the design and construction of buildings in Nepal. Strength and Safety of life and constructions have become the prime concerns of the government and the public. Regulation is required to achieve the strength and safety in the constructions. Hence, a need for revision of building codes has been felt and Nepal Building Code, NBC105 has been revised. This paper presents the impact of the revised code on seismic load estimation for low rise reinforced concrete buildings. For the assessment of the impact linear and non- linear static and linear dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete residential buildings of two storey and four Storey has been taken subjected to Indian Standard Codes IS 1893: 2002, IS 1893:2016, Nepal Building Codes NBC 105: 1994 and NBC 105: 2020. The buildings were modeled and analyzed in SAP2000. The response of the buildings such as time period, base shear, drifts, and storey forces from the application of the four codes was compared. The comparison of the results shows that the structural response of the building under the revised NBC105:2020 is 60% to 65% higher compared to the previous code NBC105:1994.

scholarly journals Happiness among higher education academicians: a demographic analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Ritu Gandhi Arora
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Happy Person ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose To deal with highly energetic younger generation patiently, need academicians who can spread happiness while teaching/mentoring are needed. This is possible when an academician himself is a happy person. This paper aims to explore the factors that generate happiness among academicians, studies the impact of demographic variables on academicians’ happiness and examines the relationship between academicians’ happiness and their performance. Design/methodology/approach Convenience purposive sampling method was used to obtain data through self-administered survey questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale, delineating the research purpose and assurance of confidentiality. For data analysis, statistical techniques like mean, percentage method, Levene’s test, t-test and analysis of variance were used. To study the relationship between performance and happiness, the attitude, motivation and outcome theory was applied and happiness index was developed. Findings After analyzing the various factors impacting academicians’ happiness, this study found that except for work–life balance, research activities and working environment, all other factors are available to academicians according to their ranked importance assigned to them. This study also obtained a happiness index using matrix and has developed an equation which can be applied to find out the relationship between happiness and performance in future. Research limitations/implications This study has certain limitations, first, this study has been conducted on academicians working in higher education institutes situated in Delhi/NCR and thus entails a specific socio-cultural environment that may limit the potential level of generalization. Practical implications The results of this research might help institutes/higher education bodies to make rules and policies which may further augment academicians’ happiness to accomplish their desired goals. Social implications An academician who is happy, satisfied and motivated can easily deal with today's enthusiastic younger generation and can spread happiness amongst them. so it is very much necessary for an academician to be happy and energetic all the time. Originality/value This study found the factors impacting higher education academicians’ happiness and its impact on their teaching performance.

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