scholarly journals Does Social Medical Insurance Achieve a Poverty Reduction Effect in China?

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Le Sun ◽  
Ran Tao ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Li-Min Jin
Keyword(s):  
Utility Maximization ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Insurance Reform ◽  
Insurance Reimbursement ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Social Medical Insurance ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to explore the impact of social medical insurance (SMI) on poverty reduction (PR) in China. Considering the time-varying characteristics of factors, this paper uses the bootstrap Granger full sample causality and subsample rolling window model to find the relationship between SMI and PR. The results highlight that in some periods, there is a bidirectional causal link between SMI and PR. Influenced by the medical insurance reform and medication measures. Social medical insurance does not have a positive impact on poverty reduction in some periods. These results are supported by the Utility Maximization Model of Insurance Consumption, which highlights that individuals make utility maximization choices when choosing insurance. The effect of medical insurance on poverty alleviation depends on whether an individual's investment in medical insurance can maximize its utility. If the proportion of social medical insurance reimbursement is too low, individuals will give up buying social medical insurance. Thus, the anti-poverty effect of social medical insurance is difficult to achieve. Therefore, authorities need to pay attention to specific contexts and social medical insurance policies and further improve the social medical insurance system to promote the realization of the anti-poverty of social medical insurance.

scholarly journals Measuring Improvement of Economic Condition in State-Owned Forest Farms’ in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongyuan Chen ◽  
Wenhui Chen ◽  
Mingxing Hu ◽  
Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chinese State ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Forest Farm

An important policy cornerstone for China to reduce poverty includes China’s goal of achieving complete poverty alleviation in its state-owned forest farms by 2020. This study describes and documents the poverty reduction effect in impoverished Chinese state-owned forest farms. Based on a sample of 4855 state-owned forest farms in 31 provinces in China from 2008 to 2017, this paper uses the difference-in-difference method to study the dynamic process of poverty reduction by policies for impoverished state-owned forest farms. The results show that the implementation of the policy significantly promoted the economic development of impoverished state-owned forest farms and caused the treatment group to increase by approximately 10.6% over the control group. Moreover, the establishment of a list of impoverished state-owned forest farms had an indirect impact on the economic performance of forest farms, through channels such as infrastructure poverty alleviation, human capital investment, and per capita income of forest farm employees. Additionally, the effects of the policy on non-impoverished counties were stronger than that on impoverished counties, and impoverished state-owned forest farms may not appear in impoverished counties. The degree of financial dependence of the local government had a significant positive impact on the economic development of impoverished state-owned forest farms. The effects of the policy on different forest farms were heterogeneous. Our study provides recommendations for the future development of impoverished Chinese state-owned forest farms and for the improvement of poverty alleviation efficiency.

scholarly journals Understanding the Role of Rural Poor’s Endogenous Impetus in Poverty Reduction: Evidence from China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Fubin Huang ◽  
Zihan Wang ◽  
Chuanmin Shuai ◽  
Jiaxin Li
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Partial Least Squares Model ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Motivating the endogenous impetus of the poor to eradicate poverty is an endogenous dilemma that is difficult to solve using the current external poverty alleviation model. In this paper, based on the field survey data of 1112 poor rural households in China, we examine the impact of the poor’s endogenous impetus on their poverty reduction. Firstly, we identify two different components of endogenous impetus: thought impetus and behavior impetus. Secondly, the poverty reduction (livelihood status) of farmers was used as an endogenous variable to construct a partial least squares model to verify our explanation of the role of endogenous impetus of the poor in poverty reduction. The results indicate that (1) both thought impetus and behavior impetus have a positive impact on the livelihood status of the poor; (2) the human capital, physical capital, and social capital of the poor have a positive relationship with the two components of endogenous impetus; and (3) endogenous impetus plays a mediation role between livelihood capital and livelihood status. As expected, human and physical capital have a positive and significant relationship with poverty reduction. The important enlightenment of this study is that it is very important to motivate the poor’s endogenous impetus of escaping poverty in addition to improving external conditions such as livelihood capital owned by farmers in an effort to realize sustainable poverty reduction.

The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Poverty Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huong Thi Thanh Tran ◽  
Ha Thi Thu Le
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Poverty is a global issue and a lot of attention and efforts of the international community have been made to deal with this problem. Especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, when a part of the population could fall into poverty due to rising unemployment and income deduction, identifying the factors affecting poverty becomes particularly important. Financial inclusion has been recognized as one important factor affecting poverty reduction. This research is conducted to investigate the impact of financial inclusion and other control variables on poverty reduction. The study employs Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to build a financial inclusion index. Using 2SLS and the GMM regressions for a panel data of 29 European countries during the period from 2011 to 2017, the results show that financial inclusion has a negative impact on poverty at all three poverty lines of USD1.9, 3.2, and 5.5 per day. The proportion of the population aged 15–64 and the ratio of service employment to the total number of employment also have a negative effect on all three levels of POV1.9, POV3.2, and POV5.5. In contrast, GDP per capita, trade openness and the proportion of the population aged from 25 with at least secondary school education have a positive impact on poverty at three levels of poverty. The results confirm that financial inclusion plays an important role in reducing poverty. The study provides a number of recommendations to governments to promote financial inclusion and reduce poverty in the countries.

Does microfinance reduce poverty in Lao PDR?

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inpaeng Sayvaya ◽  
Phouphet Kyophilavong
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Poverty Reduction Strategy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine whether the village development fund (VDF) program reduces poverty in terms of income and expenditure. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use cross-sectional data that are collected from 361 households in 15 villages in the rural district of Sukhuma of Champasak province in 2012 and use regression for analysis. Findings – The estimate of the empirical model that is used for the econometric analysis is based on the model constructed by Coleman (1999). This study finds that VDF program has a positive impact on household income and expenditure but that the impact is statistically insignificant. Research limitations/implications – The authors conclude that the VDF program has a minimal impact on poverty reduction in the study area. Practical implications – Policy-maker should be aware that promotion of the VDF program might not reduce poverty in terms of income and expenditure. Social implications – This finding might have significant impacts on poverty reduction strategy of Lao PDR. Originality/value – It is the first study to investigate the impact of the VDF program on poverty in Lao PDR.

scholarly journals POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES: EVIDENCE FROM U-MICROFINANCE BANK

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-16
Author(s):  
Iram Rani ◽  
Minhoon Khan Laghari ◽  
Muhammad Asif Channa
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: This Study intends the assessment of microloan by U Microfinance Bank from females of upper Sindh. The core objective was to assess the impact of U-Microfinance on the poverty level of female for improving their living standards by providing them micro-loans to be used for their small-scale business which could enable them to be empowered politically, socially, economically, and assessing its impacts on the health and education of their families. Methodology: This study was conducted on the assessment of microloan interventions of U Microfinance Bank in the rural areas of upper Sindh. A quantitative approach was used to measure the impact of microloan on the poverty status of the female along with a qualitative study to further confirm the findings. In this study, a quasi-experimental design was used in which two groups of data from the same respondents assuming the data ‘Before-loan and After-Loan Situation’ from the female borrowers of Khairpur, Sukkur, Shikarpur, Larkana, and Dadu Districts of Upper Sindh. Poverty Score Card was used as a survey instrument originally developed by the World Bank for each region separately. The collected data were analyzed by applying the descriptive statistics and logistic regression technique by using SPSS latest version. Results: Results of the logistic regression analysis demonstrate that the microloan program does empower females of targeted cities, but the empowerment process does not necessarily occur simultaneously across all dimensions. Whereas microfinance does effect individually on each dimension of empowerment. For microfinance ventures, the results suggest that occupation types have a positive impact on women's empowerment. Applications of this study: This study can be very effective in improving the strategies for poverty reduction among the female borrowers of the upper Sindh. The Novelty of the study: The novelty of this study investigating the effect of poverty reduction strategies on female empowerment.

Environmental pollution, population aging and social medical insurance fund expenditure

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
XU SI
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Social Medical Insurance ◽  
The Impact

Although China's economy has maintained rapid growth since 21st century, the problem of environmental pollution has become increasingly serious. Environmental pollution has a serious impact on people in all aspects of clothing, food, housing and transportation. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces and regions in China from 2005 to 2017, this paper establishes a fixed-effect model and divides China into three regions of central, east and west and analyzes the impact of environmental pollution and the population aging on the expenditure of China's social medical insurance funds (SMIF). The study found that the more severe environmental pollution, the worse health status of the residents, then induces the higher SMIF; the more serious aging of population, the higher risk of disease and cause higher SMIF. It is recommended to innovate clean energy technologies, increase environmental governance, in order to reduce health care expenditures and restrain the increase of the health care cost.

scholarly journals Effects of air pollution on poverty vulnerability

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 02027
Author(s):  
Yinuo Liang ◽  
Jialing Li ◽  
Dingping Chai ◽  
Chen Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poverty Relief ◽  
Vulnerability To Poverty ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
The Impact

In order to study the extent of the impact of air pollution on poverty vulnerability and provide a reference for governments to formulate and adjust policy approaches, in this paper, CNRDS and CHIPS micro-survey data were used to test the effects of air pollution on poverty vulnerability by using the Probit model, and the tendency value matching (PSM) method was adopted to correct the selective bias. The basic results show that air pollution is significantly negatively correlated with farmers’ vulnerability to poverty, that is, the higher the proportion of air pollution, the lower the economic vulnerability of farmers. And the effect of air pollution on farmers’ economic vulnerability is U-shaped. The main contribution of this paper refers to its assessment of the poverty reduction effect of air pollution from a forward-looking perspective, which can effectively maintain the results of poverty relief, improve the effectiveness of poverty-relief inputs and the continuity of poverty-relief effects, and achieve a stable poverty relief of the poor.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Second National Fadama Development Project on Poverty Reduction in the Geidam Local Government of Yobe State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-44
Author(s):  
Bhola Khan
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
The People ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Farm Inputs

Purpose: The study was conducted to examine the economic impact of the National Fadama-II Development Project (NFDP-II) on poverty reduction and food security among farmers in Geidam local government of Yobe State, Nigeria. Approach/Methodology/Design: Four communities were identified and selected through random sampling. These four are the farmers of the cultivated crops like rice, millet, maize, vegetables and okra. And interview and a closed-ended questionnaire were administered to a total of one hundred respondents. For the analysis of this study, a descriptive statistic like frequency and simple percentage were used. Findings: After careful evaluation of collected data, it is found out that the majority of the farmers (78.9%) were male and their mean age was 44 years. Out of 95 respondents, 75 (78.9%) were associated with the Fadama and the remaining 20 (21%) have no association with the project. The results of the study revealed that the project has a positive impact on poverty reduction. The result of the study further revealed that all the Fadama-II farmers share similar opinion on the ten identified constraints. These constraints were grouped under three main categories: technical problems, institutional problems, and economic problems. Practical Implications: This study provides strong suggestion to create more awareness about the programme among the people so that they may come forward to participate actively in it. It enhances their income level and they may be able to utilize it for the betterment of their lives. Originality/value: After the careful analysis of the collected data, it can be concluded that the success of Fadama project is dependent upon the provision of the credit facilities for land preparation to farmers, the supply of subsidized farm inputs and farmers’ training by the Fadama facilitators.

scholarly journals Analisis Dampak Kredit Usaha Rakyat pada Sektor Usaha Mikro terhadap Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Kota Makassar

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Maria Ulfa ◽  
Mohammad Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Community empowerment through micro-business development can be an instrument in poverty alleviation. The development of micro-businesses cannot take place by itself, therefore it needs to get financial support from the government. One form of government’s support is the people's business credit (kredit usaha rakyat - KUR) which until now has been running for more than ten years. The purpose of this study was: (1) To determine the impact of the KUR on the micro-business sector; and (2) To determine the impact of the development of micro-businesses on poverty reduction. The type of research used was descriptive with a qualitative approach. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling with a consideration that the informants were considered the most knowledgeable about the object of this research problem (key informants). The informants consisted of officials from the Makassar City Office of Cooperatives and SMEs, business actors, and community leaders. Based on the research conducted, it is known that the KUR has a positive impact on the development of micro-businesses in Makassar City and the development of micro-businesses has a positive impact on poverty alleviation.AbstrakPemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pengembangan usaha mikro dapat menjadi sebuah instrumen dalam penanggulangan kemiskinan. Pengembangan usaha mikro tidak dapat berjalan sendiri, karenanya perlu mendapat dukungan pembiayaan dari pemerintah. Salah satu bentuk dukungan pemerintah adalah kredit usaha rakyat (KUR) yang hingga saat ini telah berjalan selama lebih dari sepuluh tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk mengetahui dampak KUR pada sektor usaha mikro; dan (2) Untuk mengetahui dampak pengembangan usaha mikro terhadap penanggulangan kemiskinan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dengan pertimbangan bahwa narasumber atau informan dianggap paling tahu tentang objek permasalahan penelitian ini (key informant). Adapun informannya terdiri dari pejabat pada Dinas Koperasi dan UKM Kota Makassar, pelaku usaha, dan tokoh masyarakat. Berdasarkan penelitian diketahui bahwa KUR memiliki dampak positif terhadap pengembangan usaha mikro di Kota Makassar dan pengembangan usaha mikro memiliki dampak positif terhadap penanggulangan kemiskinan.

scholarly journals The Impact of Micro-finance on Self-employment and Poverty Reduction: A case of Sindh Rural Support Organization and Tameer Micro Finance Bank, Sindh

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (32) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Israr Ahmed ◽  
Imamuddin Khoso
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Support Organization ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Impact

Micro finance is well-organized and successful instrument to decrease poverty. Although microfinance Sector in Pakistan has recognize important development and attain little cost formations. The major reason of study is to forecast that how Micro finance decreases poverty or not and method of self-employment in rural and urban of Sindh successful or not. A most important mean of this research article was to calculate that what type of Impact of microfinance on reduction of poverty and Self-employment with Supply lending and Demand following hypotheses theory. Researcher used Stratified random sampling technique 500 clients of each organization (TMB and SRSO) was selected for testing PLS with Smartpls 3. After assessment of responses with the help PLS of measurement and structural model result shows positive impact of independent variable (IV) on Dependent variables (DVs).

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