scholarly journals The Impact of Sub-maximal Exercise on Neuropathic Pain, Inflammation, and Affect Among Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra R. Todd ◽  
Jan W. Van Der Scheer ◽  
Jeremy J. Walsh ◽  
Garett S. Jackson ◽  
Gabriel U. Dix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) often report high levels of neuropathic pain (NP) and poor well-being, which may result from increased inflammation. This study examined the impact of sub-maximal aerobic exercise on NP, inflammation and psychological affect among adults with SCI.Methods: Eight active adults with tetraplegia (n-4, AIS A-C) and paraplegia (n = 4, AIS A-C) performed 30-min of arm-crank aerobic exercise and reported their ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) each minute. Measures of NP, affect, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1ra, TNF-α) were taken pre-(T0), immediately post-(T1), and 90-min post-exercise (T2).Results: NP decreased between T0 and T1 for tetraplegics (−60%, d = 0.47; CI = −0.32, 2.02) and paraplegics (−16%, d = 0.15; CI = −0.30, 0.90). Correlations between change in cytokines and change in NP were medium-to large for tetraplegics (rs ranged from −0.820 to 0.965) and paraplegics (rs ranged from −0.598 to 0.833). However, the pattern of correlations between change in cytokines and affect was inconsistent between groups. Lower baseline levels of IL-1ra predicted greater decreases in NP immediately post-exercise (r = 0.83, p = 0.01).Conclusion: Sub-maximal exercise can positively impact NP for some persons with SCI. Further experimental research should identify the optimal exercise intensity to reduce NP for persons with SCI, in addition to understanding biomarkers which may predict changes in NP.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03955523.

A study of whether individual and dyadic relations between spirituality and resilience contribute to psychological adjustment among individuals with spinal cord injuries and their family members

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1503-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Fiona Jones ◽  
Grahame Simpson ◽  
Lynne Briggs ◽  
Pat Dorsett ◽  
Malcolm Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To test a model of spiritual well-being and resilience among individuals with spinal cord injuries and their family members. Design: Prospective cross-sectional observational data were analyzed by structural equation modelling. Setting: Inpatient and community services at one rehabilitation hospital. Subjects: Individual with spinal cord injury ( n = 50) and family member ( n = 50) dyads. Interventions: Standard rehabilitation, both inpatient and community. Main measure(s): Functional assessment of chronic illness therapy – spiritual well-being scale – expanded, Connor–Davidson resilience scale, positive and negative affect scale, depression anxiety and stress scale–21, satisfaction with life scale. Results: Median time post-injury was 8.95 months (IQR (interquartile range) = 14.15). Individuals with spinal cord injury and family members reported high scores for both spiritual well-being (66.06 ± 14.89; 68.42 ± 13.75) and resilience (76.68 ± 13.88; 76.64 ± 11.75), respectively. Analysis found the model had acceptable fit (e.g. chi-square goodness of fit statistic = 38.789; P = .263). For individuals with spinal cord injury, spiritual well-being was positively associated with resilience which, in turn, was associated with increasing positive affect and satisfaction with life. Among family members, spiritual well-being was positively associated with resilience. Resilience was then associated with lowered levels of depression and mediated the impact of depression on satisfaction with life. Limited evidence was found for mutual dyadic links, with the only significant pathway finding that resilience in the individual with spinal cord injury was associated with increased satisfaction with life among family members. Conclusion: Increased spirituality and resilience make a significant contribution (both independently and in combination) to positive psychological outcomes for both individuals with spinal cord injury and their family members.

scholarly journals The impact of pain on spiritual well-being in people with a spinal cord injury

Spinal Cord ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Siddall ◽  
L McIndoe ◽  
P Austin ◽  
P J Wrigley
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Rethinking aerobic exercise intensity prescription in adults with spinal cord injury: time to end the use of “moderate to vigorous” intensity?

Spinal Cord ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Hutchinson ◽  
Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Study design Cohort study. Objectives To investigate and critique different methods for aerobic exercise intensity prescription in adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting University laboratory in Loughborough, UK. Methods Trained athletes were split into those with paraplegia (PARA; n = 47), tetraplegia (TETRA; n = 20) or alternate health condition (NON-SCI; n = 67). Participants completed a submaximal step test with 3 min stages, followed by graded exercise test to exhaustion. Handcycling, arm crank ergometry or wheelchair propulsion were performed depending on the sport of the participant. Oxygen uptake (V̇O2), heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration ([BLa]) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) on Borg’s RPE scale were measured throughout. Lactate thresholds were identified according to log-V̇O2 plotted against log-[BLa] (LT1) and 1.5 mmol L−1 greater than LT1 (LT2). These were used to demarcate moderate (<LT1), heavy (>LT1, < LT2) and severe (>LT2) exercise intensity domains. Results Associations between percentage of peak V̇O2 (%V̇O2peak) and HR (%HRpeak) with RPE differed between PARA and TETRA. At LT1 and LT2, %V̇O2peak and %HRpeak were significantly greater in TETRA compared to PARA and NON-SCI (P < 0.05). The variation in %V̇O2peak and %HRpeak at lactate thresholds resulted in large variability in the domain distribution at fixed %V̇O2peak and %HRpeak. Conclusions Fixed %V̇O2peak and %HRpeak should not be used for aerobic exercise intensity prescription in adults with SCI as the method does not lead to uniform exercise intensity domain distribution.

scholarly journals Chronic Neuropathic Pain in Spinal Cord Injury: The Patient's Perspective

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope Henwood ◽  
Jacqueline A Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Pain Coping ◽  
Chronic Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Patient’S Perception ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND:Chronic neuropathic pain (CNP) in spinal cord injury (SCI) is recognized as severely compromising, in both adjustment after injury and quality of life. Studies indicate that chronic pain in SCI is associated with great emotional distress over and above that of the injury itself. Currently, little is known about the SCI patient's perception of the impact of living with chronic neuropathic pain.OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of CNP in SCI patients in relation with physical, emotional, psychosocial, environmental, informational, practical and spiritual domains, and to identify effective and ineffective pain coping strategies.METHODS:Three focus groups were conducted that included 24 SCI individuals living in the community. Participants were selected to maximize variation in terms of type of SCI, Frankel classification, years since onset of SCI, age and sex. The sessions were audiotaped and tapes were transcribed. A qualitative analysis of data involved a constant comparison approach, in which categories and themes were identified.RESULTS:Many complex themes emerged including: nature of pain; coping as process and product; medication failure; and the impact of CNP on physical, cognitive, emotional, interpersonal, social and life activities.CONCLUSIONS:Medication failure was identified as a common outcome, while strategies including use of warm water, swimming, increased activity and distraction provided temporary pain relief. Learning to live with the pain appeared to be related to acceptance of pain, which in turn seemed to facilitate adjustment. Further research is warranted to determine the process by which SCI patients learn to live with CNP and coping strategies that facilitate adjustment to CNP in SCI patients.

scholarly journals The benefits of hydrotherapy to patients with spinal cord injuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry J. Ellapen ◽  
Henriëtte V. Hammill ◽  
Mariëtte Swanepoel ◽  
Gert L. Strydom
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gait Kinematics ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Impact

Background: Many patients with spinal cord injury (PWSCI) lead sedentary lifestyles, experiencing poor quality of life and medical challenges. PWSCI don’t like to participate in land-based-exercises because it’s tedious to perform the same exercises, decreasing their rehabilitative compliance and negatively impacting their well-being. An alternative exercise environment and exercises may alleviate boredom, enhancing compliance.Objectives: Discuss the benefits of hydrotherapy to PWSCI concerning underwater gait-kinematics, thermoregulatory and cardiovascular responses and spasticity.Methodology: A literature surveillance was conducted between 1998 and 2017, through the Crossref meta-database and Google Scholar, according to the PRISMA procedures. Key search words were water-therapy, aquatic-therapy, hydrotherapy, spinal cord injury, rehabilitation, human, kinematics, underwater gait, cardiorespiratory, thermoregulation and spasticity. The quality of each paper was evaluated using a modified Downs and Black Appraisal Scale. The participants were records pertaining to PWSCI and hydrotherapy. The outcomes of interest were: hydrotherapy interventions, the impact of hydrotherapy on gait-kinematics, thermoregulation during water submersion and cardiorespiratory function of PWSCI. Omitted records included: non-English publications from before 1998 or unrelated to hydrotherapy and PWSCI. The record screening admissibility was performed as follows: the title screen, the abstract screen and the full text screen.Results: Literature search identified 1080 records. Upon application of the exclusion criteria, 92 titles, 29 abstracts and 17 full text records were eligible. Only 15 records were selected to be included in this clinical commentary. Evidence shows a paucity of randomised control trials (RCT) conducted in this field.Conclusion: Hydrotherapy improves PWSCI underwater gait-kinematics, cardiorespiratory and thermoregulatory responses and reduces spasticity.

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