scholarly journals Case Report: Long-Term Survival of a Dog With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated With Chlorambucil, Prednisolone, and Imatinib

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ga-Won Lee ◽  
Min-Hee Kang ◽  
Jin-Ha Jeon ◽  
Doo-Won Song ◽  
Woong-Bin Ro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Neoplastic Lymphocytes ◽  
Well Differentiated

A 7-year-old castrated male Poodle dog presented with chronic progressive lymphocytosis. Hematologic and peripheral blood smear findings included remarkable lymphocytosis with well-differentiated small lymphocytes. Cytology of bone marrow aspirate showed hypercellular integrity with infiltration of small mature lymphocytes, accounting for 45% of all nucleated cells. Flow cytometry of blood and marrow samples revealed neoplastic lymphocytes predominantly expressing the CD21 molecule. B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was diagnosed on an immunophenotypic analysis. Administrations of prednisolone and chlorambucil were initiated and the response was unremarkable. Therefore, additional treatment with imatinib was provided, which resolved the hematologic abnormalities associated with CLL. Flow cytometry after ~1 year of treatment showed normalization of the count of lymphocytes positive for CD21 and resolved hematologic lymphocytosis. The dog was followed-up for 2 years, and there were no severe adverse effects. This case indicates that imatinib may be a good option as an adjunctive therapy with prednisolone and chlorambucil treatment for CLL in dogs without treatment response.

scholarly journals No improvement in long-term survival over time for chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients in stereotyped subsets #1 and #2 treated with chemo(immuno)therapy

Haematologica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. e158-e161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Baliakas ◽  
Mattias Mattsson ◽  
Anastasia Hadzidimitriou ◽  
Eva Minga ◽  
Andreas Agathangelidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Well-Differentiated Lymphocytic Leukemia in a Dog: Long-Term Survival Without Therapy

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Harvey ◽  
T. G. Terrell ◽  
D. M. Hyde ◽  
R. I. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Total White Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Mitogen Stimulation ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Hematologic Examination

Well-differentiated lymphocytic leukemia was found during routine hematologic examination of a 12-year-old female poodle with signs of anxiousness, panting and pica. The total white blood cell count was 106,900/μ1 and at least 90% of the leukocytes were small, normal-appearing lymphocytes. The dog was examined several times during a 23-month period before it was killed at the owner's request for conditions unrelated to the leukemia. The hematologic picture of the leukemia was essentially unchanged during this time. A deep nuclear cleft was seen in most lymphocytes examined by electron microscopy. Cell surface markers showed most blood lymphocytes to be B-cells. These cells responded poorly to mitogen stimulation.

scholarly journals Long-term survival after fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab treatment in previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
ShokhanMohammad Mustafa ◽  
AhmedKhudair Yassin ◽  
NawsherwanS Mohammed ◽  
RawandP Shamoon ◽  
MarwaN Karam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival

Trends in long-term survival of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia from the 1980s to the early 21st century

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 4916-4921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann Brenner ◽  
Adam Gondos ◽  
Dianne Pulte
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Survival Expectations

Abstract Although chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has remained incurable with standard treatments, newer therapeutic approaches, such as chemoimmunotherapy or stem cell transplantation, bear the potential for prolonged survival. We estimated trends in age-specific 5- and 10-year absolute and relative survival of CLL patients in the United States between 1980-1984 and 2000-2004 from the 1973 to 2004 database of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Period analysis was used to disclose recent developments with minimum delay. Overall, 5- and 10-year absolute survival from diagnosis increased from 54.2% to 60.2% (+6 percentage points; P < .0001) and from 27.8% to 34.8% (+7 percentage points; P < .0001), respectively. Despite a strong age gradient in prognosis, increases in 5-year absolute and relative survival over time were rather homogeneous across age groups. In contrast, increases in 10-year absolute and relative survival close to or well above 10% units were observed for all patients younger than 80 years of age at diagnosis compared with no increase at all for older patients. Long-term survival expectations of patients with CLL have substantially improved over the past 2 decades except for patients 80 years of age or older at the time of diagnosis. Future studies are needed to confirm and expand our findings.

scholarly journals Impact of long-term ibrutinib treatment on circulating immune cells in previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 106520
Author(s):  
Isabelle G. Solman ◽  
Lisa K. Blum ◽  
Jan A. Burger ◽  
Thomas J. Kipps ◽  
James P. Dean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia

scholarly journals Immunological and genetic kinetics from diagnosis to clinical progression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Jiménez ◽  
Bárbara Tazón-Vega ◽  
Pau Abrisqueta ◽  
Juan C. Nieto ◽  
Sabela Bobillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Clonal Evolution ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Molecular Changes ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Altered Gene

Abstract Background Mechanisms driving the progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) from its early stages are not fully understood. The acquisition of molecular changes at the time of progression has been observed in a small fraction of patients, suggesting that CLL progression is not mainly driven by dynamic clonal evolution. In order to shed light on mechanisms that lead to CLL progression, we investigated longitudinal changes in both the genetic and immunological scenarios. Methods We performed genetic and immunological longitudinal analysis using paired primary samples from untreated CLL patients that underwent clinical progression (sampling at diagnosis and progression) and from patients with stable disease (sampling at diagnosis and at long-term asymptomatic follow-up). Results Molecular analysis showed limited and non-recurrent molecular changes at progression, indicating that clonal evolution is not the main driver of clinical progression. Our analysis of the immune kinetics found an increasingly dysfunctional CD8+ T cell compartment in progressing patients that was not observed in those patients that remained asymptomatic. Specifically, terminally exhausted effector CD8+ T cells (T-betdim/−EomeshiPD1hi) accumulated, while the the co-expression of inhibitory receptors (PD1, CD244 and CD160) increased, along with an altered gene expression profile in T cells only in those patients that progressed. In addition, malignant cells from patients at clinical progression showed enhanced capacity to induce exhaustion-related markers in CD8+ T cells ex vivo mainly through a mechanism dependent on soluble factors including IL-10. Conclusions Altogether, we demonstrate that the interaction with the immune microenvironment plays a key role in clinical progression in CLL, thereby providing a rationale for the use of early immunotherapeutic intervention.

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