scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Straw Management and Potassium Fertilization on Crop Yield, Soil Properties and Microbial Community in a Rice–Oilseed Rape Rotation

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1233
Author(s):  
Jifu Li ◽  
Guoyu Gan ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Jialong Zou
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Crop Straw ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Straw Incorporation

The present study aims to assess the influences of long-term crop straw returning and recommended potassium fertilization on the dynamic change in rice and oilseed rape yield, soil properties, bacterial and fungal alpha diversity, and community composition in a rice–oilseed rape system. A long-term (2011–2020) field experiment was carried out in a selected paddy soil farmland in Jianghan Plain, central China. There were four treatments with three replications: NP, NPK, NPS, and NPKS, where nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), potassium (K), and (S) denote N fertilizer, P fertilizer, K fertilizer, and crop straw, respectively. Results showed that long-term K fertilization and crop straw returning could increase the crop yield at varying degrees for ten years. Compared with the NP treatment, the long-term crop straw incorporation with K fertilizer (NPKS treatment) was found to have the best effect, and the yield rates increased by 23.0% and 20.5% for rice and oilseed rape, respectively. The application of NPK fertilizer for ten years decreased the bacterial and fungal alpha diversity and the relative abundance of dominant bacterial and fungal taxa, whereas continuous straw incorporation had a contradictory effect. NPKS treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of some copiotrophic bacteria (Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, and Proteobacteria) and fungi (Ascomycota). Available K, soil organic matter, dissolved organic carbon, and easily oxidized organic carbon were closely related to alterations in the composition of the dominant bacterial community; easily oxidized organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and slowly available K were significantly correlated with the fungal community. We conclude that long-term crop straw returning to the field accompanied with K fertilizer should be employed in rice-growing regions to achieve not only higher crop yield but also the increase in soil active organic carbon and available K content and the improvement of the biological quality of farmland.

scholarly journals Improvement of Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Soil Properties by Growing Different Green Crops

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashim Kumar Saha ◽  
Apu Biswas ◽  
Abdul Qayyum Khan ◽  
Md. Mohashin Farazi ◽  
Md. Habibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Carbon Content

Long-term tea cultivation has led to degradation of the soil. Old tea soils require rehabilitation for restoring soil health. Soil rehabilitation by growing different green crops can break the chain of monoculture of tea. An experiment was conducted at The Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI) Farm during 2008-2011 to find out the efficiency of different green crops on the improvement of soil properties. Four green crops such as Guatemala, Citronella, Mimosa and Calopogonium were grown to develop the nutritional value of the degraded tea soil. Soil samples were collected and analyzed before and at the end of experiment. Soil pH was increased in all four green crops treated plots with the highest increase in Citronella treated plots (from 4.1 to 4.5). Highest content of organic carbon (1.19%) and total nitrogen (0.119%) were found in Mimosa and Calopogonium treated plots, respectively. Concentration of available phosphorus, calcium and magnesium in all green crops treated plots were above the critical values, while available potassium content was above the critical value in Guatemala, Citronella and Mimosa treated plots. Changes in soil pH and available potassium were significant, while changes in organic carbon content, total nitrogen and available calcium were insignificant. Changes in available phosphorus and magnesium were significant. The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 34-38

Long-Term Effects of Profile-Modifying Deep Plowing on Soil Properties and Crop Yield

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Baumhardt ◽  
O. R. Jones ◽  
R. C. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Deep Plowing

scholarly journals Investigating the Aging Effects of Biochar on Soil C and Si Dissolution and the Interactive Impact on Copper Immobilization

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4319
Author(s):  
Shaojun Jiang ◽  
Jiachen Wu ◽  
Lianxin Duan ◽  
Sheng Cheng ◽  
Jian Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Silicon Content ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Vegetable Garden Soil

Aging tests were used to investigate the long-term effects of BC on the immobilization of Cu, and the soil silicon dissolution of three types soils (black soil, (BS), vegetable garden soil (VS) and red soil (RS)). Litchi branch biochars (BC) at 10% (w/w) were incubated with three Cu (400 mg/kg) contaminated soils. The effect on soil properties of pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and available silicon content were investigated, along with the speciation distribution of Cu. The results indicated that SOC, DOC, and available silicon content (except, BC300) increased with the application of BCs. On the other hand, the DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) extractable Cu content in BS, VS and RS soils were reduced by 4–12%, 18–25%, and 12–19%, respectively. The Cu availability in all soils first increased, and then decreased during the aging process. The sum of the other four fractions, including the carbonate fraction and the inert component increased by 4–4.5% (BS), 1.4–2.1% (VS), and 0.5–1% (RS) respectively, over the long-term process. Moreover, during the whole aging process, the soil properties (such as pH, SOC, DOC and available silicon content) were almost stable. This study demonstrates that BCs, especially those produced at a higher temperature, are superior to those been produced at 300 °C in immobilizing Cu and releasing available silicon in soils. However, the remediation efficiencies were restricted by the soil type contamination status and remediation time.

Two decades of no-till in the Oberacker long-term field experiment: Part I. Crop yield, soil organic carbon and nutrient distribution in the soil profile

2016 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Martínez ◽  
Andreas Chervet ◽  
Peter Weisskopf ◽  
Wolfgang G. Sturny ◽  
Ararso Etana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
No Till ◽  
Term Field

scholarly journals Responses of crop yield, apparent potassium balance, and soil potassium status to long-term fertilization and lime addition in acidic Ultisol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianfu Han ◽  
Dongchu Li ◽  
Kailou Liu ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Subtropical Region ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Lime Application ◽  
Lime Addition

Soil acidification is one of the major soil degradation phenomenon in tropical and subtropical region, which cause reductions in soil fertility, particularly potassium (K), and declines in crop yield. However, it remains unclear whether and how the status of K in soils and crops changes with the application of lime to alleviate soil acidification. Six treatments of long-term experiments (started 1990) in subtropical region were carried out. Regardless of fertilization regime, lime addition markedly increased grain and straw yields compared to those yields without lime application. Lime addition also led to significant decreases in the apparent K balances compared to soils without lime application. The agronomic K efficiency and partial factor productivity of K fertilizer both significantly increased after lime application. Lime addition reduced the soil exchangeable K (EK) content and stock, while increased soil non-exchangeable K (NEK) content and stock. Redundancy analysis showed that K input, lime, pH, and exchangeable calcium all significantly affected the K in soil and crops. Path analysis showed that lime indirectly influenced soil K (EK and NEK) by directly affecting soil pH, exchangeable calcium, K uptake and apparent K balances. These results suggest that lime addition is a viable strategy for improving crop yields and K fertilizer efficiency in degraded soils caused by acidification. Lime significant increased K uptake which lead to decreased soil EK content and stock. Additional, lime also increased soil NEK content and stock which was regulated by soil pH, exchangeable calcium, and crop growth.

scholarly journals Keystone Microbiome in the Rhizosphere Soil Reveals the Effect of Long-Term Conservation Tillage on Crop Growth in the Chinese Loess Plateau

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Jia ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Lei Ji ◽  
Stefaan De Neve ◽  
C. Struik Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Chinese Loess Plateau ◽  
Chinese Loess ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
The Chinese Loess Plateau

Abstract Purpose Keystone taxa play an important role in soil nutrient cycling and crop growth and can be influenced by soil tillage. We investigated the composition of keystone taxa and their relationships with soil properties under different long-term tillage practices. Methods Four tillage treatments were applied (i.e., CT, conventional tillage; NT, no tillage with mulch; RT, reduced tillage; and SS, subsoiling with mulch), maintained for 21 years. Co-occurrence network (CoNet) was constructed to identify the keystone taxa, and redundancy analysis (RDA) was carried out to explore the relationships between keystone taxa and soil properties under four tillage practices at two growth stages (elongation and grain filling stages) of winter wheat. Results Compared with CT, RT had no significant effect on the microbial community and the keystone microbiome, while NT and SS remarkably altered the microbial community structure and the keystone microbiome at both crop stages. Massilia was the keystone genus under CT and RT, while Sphingomonas , Asanoa and Hoeflea were the keystone genera under NT and SS. RDA results showed that keystone genera were significantly correlated with soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) at both stages, but especially at the elongation stage. Our results further revealed that the effects of NT and SS on crop growth might be related to the changes in keystone microbiome. Conclusion Our study suggests that NT and SS were suitable conservation regimes and may contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural production in the Chinese Loess Plateau.

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