scholarly journals Modeling Basin-Scale Impacts of Cultivation Practices on Cotton Yield and Water Conservation under Various Hydroclimatic Regimes

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Lili Tan ◽  
Yingqi Zhang ◽  
Gary W. Marek ◽  
Srinivasulu Ale ◽  
David K. Brauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Cultivation Practices ◽  
Texas Panhandle ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Short Season

The SWAT model equipped with an improved auto-irrigation function was used to assess the impacts of cultivation practices on irrigated and dryland cotton yield and water conservation in the Texas Panhandle. Results showed the largest irrigation depth led to reductions in irrigation and crop evapotranspiration (ETc) with slightly increased cotton yields compared to the baseline scenarios under different hydroclimatic regimes. However, soil water content and surface runoff values were increased when using the largest irrigation depth. The opposite results were observed for the small irrigation depth. Early planting of cotton resulted in decreased irrigation and ETc, and increased cotton yields under both irrigated and dryland conditions, particularly in normal and wet years. By contrast, the late planting scenarios indicated the opposite for those variables. Simulated hydrologic variables were relatively stable using various maturity cultivars. Nevertheless, greater than 10% reductions in irrigated cotton yield under diverse hydroclimatic years and dryland yields during normal and wet years were identified in the long-season cotton. The opposite was determined for the short-season cotton. These outcomes suggest that a larger irrigation depth, earlier planting date, and short-season cultivar are promising cultivation practices for improving cotton yield and water conservation in the Texas Panhandle.

The influence of the spatial distribution of agricultural conservation practices on hydrological balance variables in a small basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Noreika ◽  
Tomas Dostal ◽  
Tailin Li ◽  
David Zumr ◽  
Josef Krasa
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Hydrological Balance ◽  
Agricultural Conservation ◽  
Basin Scale

<p>SWAT is perhaps the most widely-used basin-scale hydrological model discussed in modern literature. SWAT is typically used to model large basins (100+ km<sup>2</sup>) and has even successfully modeled basins at continental scales. Regardless of the typical scale that SWAT is used, SWAT has been shown to adequately model various hydrological processes at smaller scales, but this application is much less common in the literature.  The aim of this study is to utilize SWAT+ in a small (<1 km<sup>2</sup>) agricultural basin (Nucice) approximately 30 kilometers southeast of Prague, Czechia to determine the effects of various spatial distribution patterns of agricultural conservation practices (no/reduced tillage, crop residues, cover crops, etc.) and their respective impacts on projected runoff, soil water retention, and evapotranspiration.</p><p>We were able to successfully calibrate our SWAT+ model for the Nucice experimental catchment from 2014 through part of 2018 using discharge data and estimating ET via remote sensing. After successful calibration, we implemented 4 scenarios to analyze the effects of implementing agricultural conservation practices: 25% continuous in upper 50% of basin, 25% fragmented in upper 50% of basin, 25% continuous in lower 50% of basin, and 25% fragmented in lower 50% of basin.</p><p>The adaptation pattern of agricultural conservation practices has significant and disproportionate effects on various hydrological balance parameters. Since it is rare that a single farmer manages an entire basin, this study shows that widespread adaptation of agricultural practices is necessary to maximize water conservation within a landscape. We intend to upscale this study (100+ km<sup>2</sup> basins) and to compare basins across multiple climates to determine if these effects are universal.</p><p>This research has been supported by project H2020 No. 773903 Shui, focused on water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping systems.</p>

Effect of Irrigation Frequency on Cotton Yield in Short‐Season Production Systems

Crop Science ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang‐chi Chu ◽  
Thomas J. Henneberry ◽  
John W. Radin
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Short Season

scholarly journals A Review of SWAT Model Application in Africa

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1313
Author(s):  
George Akoko ◽  
Tu Hoang Le ◽  
Takashi Gomi ◽  
Tasuku Kato
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Model Parameterization ◽  
Basin Scale

The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) is a well-known hydrological modeling tool that has been applied in various hydrologic and environmental simulations. A total of 206 studies over a 15-year period (2005–2019) were identified from various peer-reviewed scientific journals listed on the SWAT website database, which is supported by the Centre for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD). These studies were categorized into five areas, namely applications considering: water resources and streamflow, erosion and sedimentation, land-use management and agricultural-related contexts, climate-change contexts, and model parameterization and dataset inputs. Water resources studies were applied to understand hydrological processes and responses in various river basins. Land-use and agriculture-related context studies mainly analyzed impacts and mitigation measures on the environment and provided insights into better environmental management. Erosion and sedimentation studies using the SWAT model were done to quantify sediment yield and evaluate soil conservation measures. Climate-change context studies mainly demonstrated streamflow sensitivity to weather changes. The model parameterization studies highlighted parameter selection in streamflow analysis, model improvements, and basin scale calibrations. Dataset inputs mainly compared simulations with rain-gauge and global rainfall data sources. The challenges and advantages of the SWAT model’s applications, which range from data availability and prediction uncertainties to the model’s capability in various applications, are highlighted. Discussions on considerations for future simulations such as data sharing, and potential for better future analysis are also highlighted. Increased efforts in local data availability and a multidimensional approach in future simulations are recommended.

scholarly journals Production and water yield of cauliflower under irrigation depths and nitrogen doses

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 561-565
Author(s):  
Reginaldo M. de Oliveira ◽  
Rubens A. de Oliveira ◽  
Sanzio M. Vidigal ◽  
Ednaldo M. de Oliveira ◽  
Lorença B. Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT Cauliflower is a brassica produced and consumed in Brazil, whose cultivation depends on the adequate supply of water and nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation depths and nitrogen doses on the production components and water yield of cauliflower hybrid Barcelona CMS. The treatments consisted of five irrigation water depths (0, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration) combined with five nitrogen doses (0, 75, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha-1). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a split-plot arrangement. The effects of these factors were evaluated using the response surface methodology. The water yield of the crop decreases with increasing irrigation water depth; therefore, the yield is higher when water replenishment is lower than the recommended. The highest estimated total inflorescence yield is 24,547.80 kg ha-1, with a inflorescence mean diameter of 19.60 cm, a inflorescence mean height of 12.25 cm, and an inflorescence fresh weight of 858.90 g plant-1, obtained with an irrigation water depth equivalent to 132.09% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and a nitrogen dose of 450 kg ha-1. The highest inflorescence diameter and height are obtained with an irrigation depth equivalent to 128.70 and 108.20% of ETc, respectively, and a nitrogen dose of 450 kg ha-1. Therefore, the best productivity response of the Barcelona CMS cauliflower hybrid can be obtained using an irrigation depth greater than the crop evapotranspiration, regardless of the nitrogen doses.

scholarly journals Hydrological Responses to Land Use Land Cover Changes in the Fincha’a Watershed, Ethiopia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 916
Author(s):  
Urgessa Kenea ◽  
Dereje Adeba ◽  
Motuma Shiferaw Regasa ◽  
Michael Nones
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Hydrological Responses ◽  
Basin Scale

Land use land cover (LULC) changes are highly pronounced in African countries, as they are characterized by an agriculture-based economy and a rapidly growing population. Understanding how land use/cover changes (LULCC) influence watershed hydrology will enable local governments and policymakers to formulate and implement effective and appropriate response strategies to minimize the undesirable effects of future land use/cover change or modification and sustain the local socio-economic situation. The hydrological response of the Ethiopia Fincha’a watershed to LULCC that happened during 25 years was investigated, comparing the situation in three reference years: 1994, 2004, and 2018. The information was derived from Landsat sensors, respectively Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM, and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS. The various LULC classes were derived via ArcGIS using a supervised classification system, and the accuracy assessment was done using confusion matrixes. For all the years investigated, the overall accuracies and the kappa coefficients were higher than 80%, with 2018 as the more accurate year. The analysis of LULCC revealed that forest decreased by 20.0% between the years 1994–2004, and it decreased by 11.8% in the following period 2004–2018. Such decline in areas covered by forest is correlated to an expansion of cultivated land by 16.4% and 10.81%, respectively. After having evaluated the LULCC at the basin scale, the watershed was divided into 18 sub-watersheds, which contained 176 hydrologic response units (HRUs), having a specific LULC. Accounting for such a detailed subdivision of the Fincha’a watershed, the SWAT model was firstly calibrated and validated on past data, and then applied to infer information on the hydrological response of each HRU on LULCC. The modelling results pointed out a general increase of average water flow, both during dry and wet periods, as a consequence of a shift of land coverage from forest and grass towards settlements and build-up areas. The present analysis pointed out the need of accounting for past and future LULCC in modelling the hydrological responses of rivers at the watershed scale.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Climate Change Impacts on Cotton Yield using Cropsyst and Regression Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1433-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pantazis Georgiou ◽  
Panagiota Koukouli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Cotton Production

The regional as well as the international crop production is expected to be influenced by climate change. This study describes an assessment of simulated potential cotton yield using CropSyst, a cropping systems simulation model, in Northern Greece. CropSyst was used under the General Circulation Model CGCM3.1/T63 of the climate change scenario SRES B1 for time periods of climate change 2020-2050 and 2070-2100 for two planting dates. Additionally, an appraisal of the relationship between climate variables, potential evapotranspiration and cotton yield was done based on regression models. Multiple linear regression models based on climate variables and potential evapotranspiration could be used as a simple tool for the prediction of crop yield changes in response to climate change in the future. The CropSyst simulation under SRES B1, resulted in an increase by 6% for the period 2020-2050 and a decrease by about 15% in cotton yield for 2070-2100. For the earlier planting date a higher increase and a slighter reduction was observed in cotton yield for 2020-2050 and 2070-2100, respectively. The results indicate that alteration of crop management practices, such as changing the planting date could be used as potential adaptation measures to address the impacts of climate change on cotton production.

scholarly journals Use of decision Tables to Simulate Management in Ecohydrological Models

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Arnold ◽  
Katrin Bieger ◽  
Michael J. White ◽  
Raghavan Srinivasan ◽  
John A. Dunbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Regulated River ◽  
Irrigation Application ◽  
Reservoir Models ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Rule Sets ◽  
Decision Tables

Decision tables have been used for many years in data processing and business applications to simulate complex rule sets. Several computer languages have been developed based on rule systems and they are easily programmed in several current languages. Land management and river-reservoir models simulate complex land management operations and reservoir management in highly regulated river systems. Decision tables are a precise yet compact way to model the rule sets and corresponding actions found in these models. In this study, we discuss the suitability of decision tables to simulate management in the river basin scale Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT+) model. Decision tables are developed to simulate automated irrigation and reservoir releases. A simple auto irrigation application of decision tables was developed using plant water stress as a condition for irrigating corn in Texas. Sensitivity of the water stress trigger and irrigation application amounts were shown on soil moisture and corn yields. In addition, the Grapevine Reservoir near Dallas, Texas was used to illustrate the use of decision tables to simulate reservoir releases. The releases were conditioned on reservoir volumes and flood season. The release rules as implemented by the decision table realistically simulated flood releases as evidenced by a daily NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency) of 0.52 and a percent bias of -1.1%. Using decision tables to simulate management in land, river and reservoir models was shown to have several advantages over current approaches including: 1) mature technology with considerable literature and applications, 2) ability to accurately represent complex, real world decision making, 3) code that is efficient, modular and easy to maintain, and 4) tables that are easy to maintain, support, and modify.

Planting Date and Potassium Fertility Effects on Cotton Yield and Fiber Properties

jpa ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Bauer ◽  
O. Lloyd May ◽  
James J. Camberato
Keyword(s):  
Planting Date ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Fiber Properties

scholarly journals Irrigation of arugula cultivars in the region of Zona da Mata Mineira

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 1101
Author(s):  
Caio César Silva Alvarenga Correia ◽  
Fernando França da Cunha ◽  
Everardo Chartuni Mantovani ◽  
Derly Jose Henriques Silva ◽  
Santos Henrique Brant Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Plant Water Potential ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Shoot Mass

The region of the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais stands out in the production of vegetables. To achieve the success in this activity, it is important to choose suitable cultivars and apply irrigation correctly. This study aimed to determine the optimum irrigation depth and evaluate new commercial arugula cultivars in the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais. The cultivation was carried out in a greenhouse during three cycles with periods of 33 (January 11, 2016 to February 12, 2016), 36 (March 1, 2016 to April 5, 2016), and 36 (April 12, 2016 to May 17, 2016) days. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with five replications, five irrigation depths (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration-ETc) in the plots, and three arugula cultivars (Antonella, Cultivada, and Folha Larga) in the subplots. A drip irrigation system was used. The parameters evaluated were root depth, root fresh mass, plant water potential, leaf temperature, number of commercial leaves, total number of plants, fresh shoot mass, and water use efficiency. Arugula cultivars did not present differences in their agronomic characteristics. An irrigation depth of the 50% ETc is recommended if the soil moisture is under the field capacity at the beginning of the arugula cycle.

Impact of landscape pattern change on runoff processes in catchment area of the Ulungur River Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1046-1058
Author(s):  
Fan Gao ◽  
Bing He ◽  
Songsong Xue ◽  
Yizhen Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Monthly Runoff ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, the monthly runoff processes of two land-use types in 2000 and 2015 were simulated in this paper. The relationship between runoff and landscape pattern was analyzed, and the spatial correlation between runoff and landscape pattern analyzed using the geographic weighted regression model combined with the change of landscape pattern in the study area from 2000 to 2015. The results show the following. (1) The SWAT model can simulate the monthly runoff processes in the catchment area of the Ulungur River Basin (URB) under different land-use types for 2000 and 2015, but the simulation effect in 2000 was found to be better than that in 2015. (2) From 2000 to 2015, the area of woodland and grassland decreased. Runoff was positively correlated with woodland, grassland, largest patch index, mean patch area (AREA_MN), and contagion index, and negatively correlated with others. This indicates that the landscape fragmentation of URB was aggravated in 2000–2015, the landscape balance was destroyed, and the ability of rainfall interception and water conservation was weakened. (3) Landscape pattern indicators of grassland had a negative spatial impact on URB runoff, and the northern region of URB was more severely affected in 2015 than in 2000. AREA_MN landscape pattern index had a positive impact on runoff in the northern part of URB, and the positive impact in northern URB in 2000 was better than that in 2015.

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