scholarly journals Analysis of Differences in the Choice of the Economic Value of Urban Trees in Madrid When Displayed in Situ and in Photographs

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Claudia García-Ventura ◽  
Alfonso Bermejo ◽  
Concepción González-García ◽  
M. Ángeles Grande-Ortíz ◽  
Esperanza Ayuga-Téllez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
The Public ◽  
American Method ◽  
Ornamental Trees ◽  
The City ◽  
Larger Sample

The determination of an asset’s economic value has always been an important step in improving its management. The Madrid Region legislated the application of the first version of the Norma Granada as a method of appraising ornamental trees. However, the trees in the city of Madrid are only assessed in terms of ecosystem services (i-Tree Eco). A photograph of the asset to be appraised is often used in studies on the valuation of publicly-owned socio-environmental assets such as trees or landscapes. As a tree’s value is very closely linked to its size and to a number of features that can be seen through direct observation of the specimen, it is important to verify the validity of photographs as a method for obtaining the public’s opinion. This work presents a comparison between the valuations chosen by members of the public when observing the tree in situ and in a photograph. The aim is to verify the validity of photographs for their application to a larger sample and to understand qualitatively how citizens assess the trees in a city. The following appraisal methods were used: the American method, Council of Tree Landscape Appraisers (CTLA), Norma Granada and the Burnley method. The survey consisted of ten specimens from ten different species, and ten surveys were taken for each stem, making a total of 100 for each tree species and 1000 surveys in all. The surveys were done randomly and individually. Each interviewed chose one of the three values they were shown when observing the specimen in the photograph and in situ; 84% of the 1000 surveys gave as a result the same value choice when looking at the specimen on site and seeing it in a photograph.

Urban Trees and Water Use in Arid Climates: Insights from an Integrated Bioeconomic-Health Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Jones ◽  
John Fleck
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Value Of Water ◽  
Health Model

Managing outdoor water use while maintaining urban tree cover is a key challenge for water managers in arid climates. Urban trees generate flows of ecosystem services in arid areas, but also require significant amounts of irrigation. In this paper, a bioeconomic-health model of trees and water use is developed to investigate management of an urban forest canopy when irrigation is costly, water has economic value, and trees provide ecosystem services. The optimal tree irrigation decision is illustrated for Albuquerque, New Mexico, an arid Southwest US city. Using a range of monetary values for water, we find that the tree irrigation decision is sensitive to the value selected. Urban deforestation is optimal when the value of water is sufficiently high, or alternatively starts low, but grows to cross a specific threshold. If, however, the value of water is sufficiently low or if the value of tree cover rises over time, then deforestation is not optimal. The threshold value of water where the switch is made between zero and partial deforestation is well within previously identified ranges on actual water values. This model can be applied generally to study the tradeoffs between urban trees and water use in arid environments.

Q Sensor for the City on the Threshold of Stress

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-137
Author(s):  
Sana Layeb ◽  
Mohsen Ben Hadj Salem
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Metrological Work ◽  
The Public ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Stress

The urban atmosphere evokes several sensory registers that participate in our perception of singular tonalities, of our daily situations. Tunis is, in this chapter, the space-time that would serve as a framework for our hearing. The experimental protocol is threefold. The authors quantify users' feelings through the commented walk method and especially by objective measures of electrodermal activity. The authors conducted in situ metrological work on the sound signal. These measurements were taken using a device “Q sensor.” This device quantifies emotional arousal by measuring electrodermal activity (EDA). The data collected were compared and crossed to identify the links between the architectural configurations of the public space, the sound signals, and the ways in which the feeling of stress appears. The results indicate that urban stress situation seems complex and enjoyable to explore using a multidisciplinary approach. A future direction was presented to the urban settings through the draw on a variety of disciplines, including urban planning, architecture, and psychology.

scholarly journals Approach to Urban Environmental Justice Using Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis. The Case of Valencia’s Monumental Trees

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7760
Author(s):  
Alfonso Gallego-Valadés ◽  
Francisco Ródenas-Rigla ◽  
Jorge Garcés-Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The City

Environmental justice has been a relevant object of analysis in recent decades. The generation of patterns in the spatial distribution of urban trees has been a widely addressed issue in the literature. However, the spatial distribution of monumental trees still constitutes an unknown object of study. The aim of this paper was to analyse the spatial distribution of the monumental-tree heritage in the city of Valencia, using Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) methods, in relation to different population groups and to discuss some implications in terms of environmental justice, from the public-policy perspective. The results show that monumental trees are spatially concentrated in high-income neighbourhoods, and this fact represents an indicator of environmental inequality. This diagnosis can provide support for decision-making on this matter.

The Evil of Irresponsible Criticism

1898 ◽  
Vol 44 (184) ◽  
pp. 111-112
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
British Medical Journal ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Johns Hopkins Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Extract ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medical Colleague ◽  
The City

Perusing certain remarks made recently by a Mr. Berdoe in a lay paper, anent a therapeutic enquiry by Dr. Berkley at the City Asylum, Baltimore, and weighing these after a consideration of criticisms to be found in the British Medical Journal of September 18th and September 25th last, the thoughtful ratepayer—especially of the Metropolis, where Mr. Berdoe's superfluous energies find a vent—may well pray to be saved from his friends. Everywhere, and especially, probably, in the Metropolis, any painstaking investigation having for its object the determination of means whereby mental disorders may be arrested before they pass into the interminable night of chronic dementia, would be cordially approved of by those who contribute to the maintenance of county asylums, which look to become vast hostelries for the incurable in mind. Dr. Berkley records in the Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital for July, 1897, the results of the administration of thyroid extract in cases that “had either passed, or were about to pass, the limit of time in which recovery could be confidently expected.” We need not here describe Dr. Berkley's work, of which our readers can judge in the original. We content ourselves with the observation that it is the record of the trial of a medicinal agent, carried out scientifically, and for the benefit of the patient. To Mr. Berdoe, however, it appears that Dr. Berkley's work was “a study of poisoning, as a poison might be tested on an animal.” Viewing the matter in this lurid light, Mr. Berdoe felt forcibly that the interests of the public were in jeopardy, and, thus agitated in mind, was constrained to seek out a sympathetic confidant, whom he found in the Daily Chronicle. The “up-to-date” and democratic organ upon which Mr. Berdoe's choice fell was far too astute to miss the opportunity of heading a letter “Experiments on Lunatics;” and consequently we find his feelings concentrated under that harrowing title in an issue of the above newspaper. Those members of the profession who may have seen his letter, though it may be denied them to gauge the intensity of Mr. Berdoe's feelings, will not fail correctly to estimate his action in this matter. They cannot but regret that he should have condescended, not merely to have addressed his strictures upon a medical colleague to a lay organ, but further—to quote from our medical contemporary above-mentioned—to have made statements which “are not accurate,” and to have given “a very unfair version of the facts.”

scholarly journals Analisis Kebijakan Pengembangan Wisata Bahari Pantai Marina Tahun 2010 - 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fachri Zaki ◽  
Amin Pujiati
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
National Scale ◽  
The Public ◽  
Marine Tourism ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Nautical tourism according to Hidayat (2000: 15) are activities related to marine which includes relaxing on the beach or enjoying the natural surroundings, swimming, surfing, diving, water sky and touring around, or in other words all the potential economic value that can be utilized to increase the income of the surrounding communities and increase state revenues. The purpose of this study was to determine the development undertaken by the Government of the city, to find out the sale of the City and to determine the role of the community in supporting marine tourism activities Beach Marina. This research is located in the Marina Beach of Semarang as has been defined as marine tourism area in the city of Semarang. This research uses descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques including data collection, data reduction, data presentation and decision making. This study uses descriptive qualitative research and quantitative descriptive. The conclusion of this study is the development undertaken by the Tourism Department of Semarang and manager of the Marina include a variety of development, promotion conducted on marine tourism Marina Beach include promotion in tourism events with regional and national scale, in cooperation with the stations, local TV, the role of the public against marine tourism Semarang inclined slightly for the management of Marina handed over to private parties. Wisata bahari menurut Hidayat (2000:15) adalah aktivitas yang berkaitan dengan kelautan yang meliputi santai di pantai atau menikmati alam sekitar, berenang, surfing, diving, water sky dan tur keliling, atau dengan kata lain segala potensi yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat sekitar serta meningkatkan pendapatan negara. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Semarang, untuk mengetahui promosi dari Pemerintah Kota dan untuk mengetahui peran masyarakat dalam mendukung kegiatan wisata bahari Pantai Marina. Penelitian ini berlokasi di kawasan Pantai Marina Kota Semarang sebagaimana telah ditetapkan sebagai kawasan wisata bahari di Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Pariwisata Kota Semarang dan pengelola terhadap Pantai Marina meliputi berbagai pembangunan, promosi yang dilakukan terhadap wisata bahari Pantai Marina meliputi promosi di event wisata dengan skala regional maupun nasional, bekerjasama dengan statisun tv lokal, peran masyarakat terhadap wisata bahari Kota Semarang cenderung sedikit karena pengelolaan Pantai Marina diserahkan kepada pihak swasta.

scholarly journals Subjugated in the Creative Industries: The Fine Arts in Singapore

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can-Seng Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Art World ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Art Practices ◽  
City State ◽  
The City

The arts and culture are considered core in a creative industries strategy. But the promotion of the creative industries brings about revised notions of creativity. These revised notions are being applied to the arts. Creativity is now seen to be largely manageable. All individuals are made to believe that they can be creative. Not only that, creativity is seen to be a money spinner. Workers should tap into their creativity and bring about innovations in the work place. Pupils are taught to tap into their creativity and to think outside the box. Such views on creativity galvanize the public and enthuse many people into the creative industries. Such notions of creativity contrast against the fine arts. Regardless, as this paper examines the situation in Singapore, shows that fine artists in the city-state are finding themselves internalizing a market logic and have tied their art practices to economic value. Fine arts practices will not be as lucrative or popular as their counterparts in the other creative businesses; they will remain poor cousins in the creative industries. Essentially, the fine arts are being subjugated in the creative industries and the Singaporean art world is being changed.

scholarly journals PENGOLAHAN KOTORAN SAPI DENGAN TEKNOLOGI BIOGAS REAKTOR KECIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Hermain Teguh Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Reference Treatment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Biogas Process

ENGLISHResearch on alternative energy and fertilizer has been done and applied, but the public not interest yet to make this alternative energy and fertilizer. This is due to the huge costs, the process is complicated, and low economic value . Biogas processing, liquid fertilizers and solid. If the large volume of water mix will increase the volume of the reactor and the implications for the huge cost . The research objective was to determine variations in the sample which is capable of representing the processing of the biogas process and product stability. The method used in laboratory scale experiments and determination of the best results using factor analysts . The results of the research is reactor B and A that can be used as a reference treatment that produces biogas manure optimal, and the volume of 0.56 liters of biogas per one kilogram of cow dung with a processing time of 38 days. INDONESIAPenelitian mengenai energi dan pupuk alternatif sudah banyak dilakukan dan diterapkan, akan tetapi minat masyarakat untuk membuat energi dan pupuk alternatif ini belum ada. Hal ini disebabkan oleh biaya yang besar, prosesnya yang rumit, dan nilai ekonominya rendah. Pengolahan biogas, pupuk cair dan padat. Jika dengan volume campuran air yang besar akan membesarkan volume reaktor dan berimplikasi pada besarnya biaya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui variasi sampel mana yang mampu mewakili proses pengolahan dengan kesetabilan proses dan produk biogas. Metode yang digunakan percobaan skala laboratorium dan penentuan hasil terbaik menggunakan analis faktor. Hasil penelitian yaitu reaktor B dan A yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan pengolahan kotoran sapi yang menghasilkan biogas optimal, dan volumenya 0,56 liter biogas setiap satu kilogram kotoran sapi dengan waktu pengolahan 38 hari.

Flagging positive images for sting wasps: the use of vespine wasps in Guiyang City, China and its conservation implications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
C. Dai ◽  
S. Chen ◽  
X. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Public ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Great Pain ◽  
Guiyang City

Vespine wasps, along with other insects, are undergoing decreases at alarming rates. However, wasps are universally disliked by the public and therefore receive little conservation attention. This antipathy may be caused by the vespine sting, which can cause great pain and severe allergic reactions in humans, but it is most likely a result of a lack of public awareness of the various ecosystem services provided by wasps. In this study, we conducted an ethno-zoological survey on the use of vespine wasps, underlining their economic value by conducting face-to-face interviews with local gatherers and sellers in a market in Guiyang city, China. Five species were observed in trade. The larvae and pupae are considered highly nutritional foods with prices ranging from 160 to 300 yuan per kilogram, whereas adults and empty combs are used to produce medicinal wines to cure rheumatism and arthritis. Using the weight of nests encountered in the market, we found that the sale of one nest from each of the five recorded species can produce an economic income up to the average disposable income per year for a rural inhabitant living in this city. Our study can be regarded as a small but important step to promote a positive image of wasps to the public. To reconcile the conflict between vespine stings and conservation, we recommend removing but not destroying nests that threaten people for domestication and sustainable use by experienced gatherers. Furthermore, local knowledge can be incorporated into the management of this threat to public safety.

An Analysis of a Park 's Thermal Environment Survey and Optimization Research Based on Scape Scale

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 235-239
Author(s):  
Xue Chen Bai ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Zhu Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Urban Public Space ◽  
The Public ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Key Points ◽  
The City

Good landscape design has an important role for improving the public space thermal environment quality of the city and increasing the person's thermal comfort. This article chooses the typical park of xi’an city---QuJiangChi site park as the research object , we used the in-situ test and questionnaire survey , investigated and analyzed the thermal comfortableness and influencing factors. In order to get comfortable thermal environment of urban public space, we put forward some key points of ecological design from different aspects .

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENETAPAN NILAI JUAL OBJEK PAJAK TERHADAP PENERIMAAN PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Nola Lavenia Watak
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
City Center ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
High Contribution ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Method

Property Tax is one tax which is managed by the local government. Which is the only property tax in Indonesia, because most of the revenue is income areas, among others, are also used for the provision of facilities enjoyed by the central government and local government. Bases of land and building tax is the taxable value. The purpose of this study is to analyze Determination of taxable value against land and building tax in Southeast Minahasa Regency. The object of this research is 3 Southeast Minahasa District in the District Ratahan, District Pasan, and the District of East Ratahan. The data collection techniques in this study is a field study in the Department of Revenue in Southeast Minahasa regency. This research uses descriptive method. Based on the research results, the authors concluded that the three districts are districts Ratahan, Pasan, and Ratahan East where the districts are located in the city center in Southeast Minahasa Regency, strategic location and generates economic value. So it has a high contribution to the reception in Southeast Minahasa regency. Department of Revenue is responsible for determining the tax object selling value needs to improve the assessment and pengelolahan data, especially between the sale value of the tax object selling prices that occurred in the community so that more relevant determination.

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