scholarly journals COVID-19 Effects and Resilience of Vegetable Farmers in North-Western Nigeria

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1808
Author(s):  
Rosaine N. Yegbemey ◽  
Christelle M. Komlan Ahihou ◽  
Ifeoluwa Olorunnipa ◽  
Marwan Benali ◽  
Victor Afari-Sefa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
North Western

The COVID-19 pandemic has particularly affected the supply of perishable foods such as vegetables, which could adversely affect food and nutrition security. Here, we study the mechanisms by which COVID-19 has affected vegetable production and the coping strategies adopted by smallholder farmers. We use cross-sectional data collected through individual interviews on a random sample of 521 vegetable producers in north-western Nigeria. The perceptions of respondents, measured on a 5-point Likert scale (from 1—not affected, to 5—severely affected), shows that COVID-19 had an average effect of 3.07 (±1.23) on vegetable production. Farmers also reported challenges in accessing farm inputs and storing or selling fresh vegetable produced. In response, farmers reduced market-oriented vegetable production, produced more vegetables for own consumption, added value through own home processing and storage, explored new markets, and accepted lower farmgate selling prices. A multivariate probit regression shows that socio-economic factors such as age, household size, marital status, challenges in accessing inputs, and perceptions of the effects of COVID-19 influenced farmers’ decisions to adopt particular coping strategies. To sustain vegetable supplies, policy makers should consider investing more in market-oriented strategies such as vegetable processing and storage, which individual farmers may not be able to afford due to high costs, lack of information and required knowledge on good agronomic practices, postharvest handling, storage and market. Public extension services can contribute to help farmers to adapt better.

scholarly journals Application of image analysis for determination of rapeseed dimensions using IoT concept

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Dušan Marković ◽  
Ranko Koprivica ◽  
Biljana Veljković ◽  
Dejan Vujičić ◽  
Uroš Pešović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Results ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The paper analyzes the geometric characteristics of seeds, uniformity and cross - sectional area of rapeseed, on the basis of which the equivalent diameter was calculated. Knowing the dimensions of seeds is important in seed production from sowing, harvesting, processing, and storage, to seed packaging. Manual determination of the dimensions of seeds is a rather slow process, so the aim of this work was to show a computer-aided device that contains a camera and can take seed samples, while determining the dimensions of seeds by program image analysis. Presented device is realized in accordance with the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) so it has the ability to connect to the Internet and forward the image, or in another variant can directly perform the image analysis and further forward the results only. The purpose of the presented system for determining the size of seeds is providing a fast and efficient way for users to get the first results that will help them in the implementation of further activities related to working with small seeds.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PERILAKU DAN TINGKAT KEPADATAN LALAT DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE DI PASAR SARILAMAK

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cici Apriza Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
Diarrhea Disease ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Density Behavior

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Diarrhea disease is one of the health problems in developing countries, especially in Indonesia. The incidence of diarrhea in West Sumatra is about 10% of the population multiplied by the national rate of illness. Diarrhea in Lima Puluh Kota District in 2014 showed an increase in cases as many as 7,017 cases. The type of research used is descriptive research with cross sectional approach where the independent variable is the density of flies, the behavior reduces the incidence of diarrhea and the processing and storage of food with the dependent variable is the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers around Sarilamak Market. The sample in this study amounted to 56 people. The result of the research was obtained of medium fly density level 64.3%, bad respondent behavior 60.7%, poor food processing and storage 33,9% and diarrhea 35.7%. The result of statistical test showed significant relationship between flies with diarrhea occurrence (Pvalue = 0.001) with OR = 7.694, maternal behavior with diarrhea occurrence (Pvalue = 0.034) with OR = 4,200 = 0.029) with OR = 4.278. The conclusions from the study revealed that most of the respondents suffered from diarrheal diseases from the aspect of flies density, behavior and the way of processing and storage of food. </em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong><em></em></p><p><em>Pe</em><em>n</em><em>y</em><em>a</em><em>k</em><em>it diare merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan dinegara berkembang terutama di Indonesia.Kejadian diare di Sumatera Barat sekitar 10% dari jumlah penduduk dikalikan dengan  angka kesakitan nasional.  Sedangkan diare di Kabupaten  Limapuluh  Kota tahun 2014  menunjukan  peningkatan  kasus  sebanyak 7.017 kasus. Jenis   penelitian   yang   digunakan   adalah   penelitian   survey  dengan pendekatan cross sectional dimana variabel independent yaitu tingkat kepadatan lalat, perilaku, pengolahan  serta  penyimpanan  makan dengan  variabel  dependent  yaitu  kejadian  diare  pada  balita     di  sekitar  Pasar Sarilamak. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 56 orang. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan dari tingkat  kepadatan  lalat  sedang 64.3%,  perilaku  responden  yang  buruk  60.7%, Pengolahan dan penyimpanan makanan yang buruk 33,9% dan yang menderita diare 20 orang (35.7%). Hasil uji statistik menunjukan hubungan bermakna anatara kepadatan lalat dengan  kejadian  diare  dengan  (Pvalue  = 0.001) dengan  OR  = 7.694,  perilaku  ibu dengan kejadian diare di dapatkan (Pvalue  = 0.034) dengan OR = 4.200, cara pengolahan dan penyimpanan makanan di dapatkan hasil (Pvalue = 0,029) dengan OR = 4.278. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa sebagian besar responden menderita penyakit diare dari aspek tingkat kepadatan lalat, perilaku serta cara pengolahan dan penyimpanan makanan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pola hidup bersih dan pengetahuan tentang diare.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Does Participation in Agricultural Value Chain Activities Influence Smallholder Fruit Grower Production Performance? A Cross-Sectional Study of Apple Farmers in Shandong, China

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Wang ◽  
Apurbo Sarkar ◽  
Hongyu Wang ◽  
Fuhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Inverse Probability Weighted

The value chain comprises several factors and activities useful for strengthening production and distribution by connecting producers with suppliers, intermediaries, and marketplaces and collaboratively creating added value for products or goods. However, the values of agricultural products mostly depend on various factors and actors, which should be linked together for fostering added values. Thus, there may be strong ground for facilitating a smooth transition of the agricultural value chain (AVC) within the prospects of emerging countries. It could be a key means of promoting a profound connection between smallholder farmers and modern agriculture facilities. It could be especially crucial for the highly perishable and high-value product such as fruits. The main aims of the study are to evaluate the factors influencing smallholder apple farmers’ participation in the agricultural value chain and determine whether participation in AVC improves farmers’ production performance. The empirical setup of the study was chosen based on survey data of apple growers in Shandong, China. The propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) models were employed to craft the study’s outcomes. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) Fruit farmers’ gender, total household expenditure, housing value, planting scale, planting years, degree of specialization, days of family labour input, and total days of employment have significant effects on their participation in AVC activities. (2) Fruit farmers’ usage of improved fertilizers and organization participation supports a higher yield and net income per acre. (3) Participating in two kinds of AVC can significantly improve the yield per acre and net income per acre compared with only using one type of AVC (improved fertilizer). Policy makers should improve the existing policy by eliminating institutional barriers and enhancing human factors for farmers to participate in high-value chain activities. Governments should extend technical support, and enhance training facilities, and comprehensively promote the AVC among smallholder farmers. Finally, farmers’ organizations (e.g., cooperatives and credit organizations) should come forward to help facilitate the effectiveness of AVC.

scholarly journals Application of Probit Analysis in the Decision of Youths to Participate in Vegetable Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nsikak-Abasi Etim ◽  
Dorothy Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
National Development ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Factors Affecting

Youths are successor farming generation and therefore the future of food security. At present, they constitute about 60% of Nigeria’s population and have over the years contributed significantly to national development. Unfortunately, the present environment makes it  difficult to explore their full potentials in  production through participation in agriculture. The ageing smallholder farmers are less likely to increase capacity needed to sustainably expand agricultural production. There is therefore a pressing need to engage the youth in ways that they can see a promising future in agriculture as well as influence them to build capacity through effective involvement in agricultural production. Several factors however, have continued to hinder capacity building and effective  participation of youths in vegetable farming. An empirical study was conducted to estimate the factors affecting the willingness  of youth to  participate in small scale waterleaf production. The representative waterleaf producers were selected using the multi stage sampling procedures.With the aid of questionnaire, primary data were obtained from 100 farmers. Univariate probit regression model was used to analyze the data. Results of analysis indicated that the most critical factors affecting the participation of youths in waterleaf production were age, educational qualification, size of household members, and farm income. Results indicated that youths who have acquired some form of education were more willing to be involved in waterleaf production. Findings further indicated that youth in families with higher income from farming activities were more willing to participate in waterleaf production.

scholarly journals AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAIN FINANCING: PANACEA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebele O. Igwemeka ◽  
Faith Chinyere Ekwunife
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Financing Policy ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Financial Uncertainty ◽  
Challenging Environment ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Storage

In the past, the agricultural financing policy of the Nigerian government emphasized primary production without paying attention to the marketing of agricultural products. Consequently, the current emphasis by financial institutions on value chain financing has further compounded the problem of access to credit by smallholder farmers who account for over 90 per cent of agricultural production in Nigeria and do not have access to lucrative markets, nor adequate processing and storage facilities. More worrisome is how the right amount of investment can be acquired, particularly in a challenging environment where financial uncertainty causes a reduction in available resources along with increased fear and scrutiny of risk. From the perspective of other climes farmer linkages, improving access to improved seeds, fertilizers and production technology, enhancing farmer integration into the seed production, processing and marketing chain through farmer organization, training and out-grower contracts among others will boost agricultural value chain financing that will lead to sustainable development.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Perception on Irrigation Farming and the Factors Influencing Access to and Size of Irrigable lands in Northern Region, Ghana

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Solace Kudadze ◽  
Adams Jongare Imoru ◽  
William Adzawla
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Switching Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage

Aim: The impacts of climate change and variability requires proactive and reactive adaptation. The high reliance of farmers on rainfed agriculture leads to their high vulnerability to climate change. As an agrarian economy, irrigation farming system is an essential proactive and/or reactive strategy for the increasing erratic rainfalls in Northern Ghana. This study analyzed the perceptions of smallholder farmers on irrigation farming and the factors that influence access to and size of irrigable lands among communities in the catchment of two irrigation dams. Study Design: The study adopted a multi-stage sampling procedure. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Northern Region of Ghana. The data for the study was collected in 2014. Methodology: Through a multi-stage sampling, a cross-sectional data was collected from 240 smallholder farmers. These included both irrigation farmers and non-irrigation farmers. The data was analyzed through switching regression and descriptive statistics. Results: The result revealed that water unavailability is not a major challenge to most irrigation farmers. The farmers engaged in irrigation vegetable farming mostly for cash purpose and also perceived a high demand for vegetables, especially in the dry season. From the farmers perception, group membership, distance to irrigable land, cost of irrigable land, leadership characteristics and nativity significantly influenced access to irrigable lands. From the econometric result, experience, farmer group, credit, extension, labour availability and age had significant influence on irrigation farming while education, experience, extension, sex and labour availability significantly influenced the acreage cultivated by the vegetable farmers. Conclusion: The study concluded that, while there is high market potential for irrigated produce, access to and the size of irrigable lands are significantly determined by a mixed of factors. Therefore, while farmers are encouraged to go into irrigation vegetable production, government’s policies such as ‘one village one dam’ should be effectively implemented to realize the needed results.

STRATEGI KOPING ORANG TUA TERHADAP ANAK AUTIS DAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-204
Author(s):  
Asirotul Ma’rifah ◽  
Naning Puji Suryantini Suryantini ◽  
Rina Mardiyana
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
Cross Tabulation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Autism is still a nightmare for most parents. Parents with autism can be very stressful when dealing with a hyperactive child's behavior, aggressive and passive. Stress experienced by parents of children with autism will affect the ability of parents in the parenting role, especially in relation to coping strategies have in dealing with problems of children. The participation of parents is crucial the success of socializing with children with autism in the general population. This study aims to determine the relationship of coping strategies parents of autistic children and parenting parents. This type of research is an analytic correlation with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all parents of autistic children in SLB Muhammadiyah Mojokerto numbering 15 people. Samples in this study were all parents of autistic children in SLB Muhammadiyah Mojokerto which totaled 15 people by using total sampling technique. Collecting data using questionnaires. Data analized use cross tabulation, presented in a frequency distribution. On cross-tabulation obtained results tend to use maladaptive coping strategies permissive parenting that is 8 (53.3%), there are also respondents who use adaptive coping strategies using authoritarian parenting as much as one person (16.7%), and adaptive coping strategies tend using democratic parenting style as much as 5 people (33.3%). Expected parents still seeking information to broaden their parents on coping strategies of parents of autistic children and parenting parents as well as parents to give special attention for children with autism to the development and advancement of their lives because they have the same rights as any other normal child.

HUBUNGAN HIGIENE SANITASI DENGAN KANDUNGAN ESCHERICHIA COLI PADA ES BATU INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA DI TEPI JALAN WAHID HASYIM 2 KECAMATAN SEMPAJA KOTA SAMARINDA TAHUN 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Suwignyo Suwignyo ◽  
Abdul Rachim ◽  
Arizal Sapitri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Ice Cube ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Ice is a water that cooled below 0 °C and used for complement in drink. Ice can be found almost everywhere, including in the Wahid Hasyim Sempaja Roadside. From the preliminary test, obtained 5 samples ice cube were contaminated by Escherichia coli. The purpose of this study was to determine relationship between hygiene and sanitation with presence of Eschericia coli in ice cube of home industry at Wahid Hasyim Roadside Samarinda. This research used quantitative with survey methode. The population in this study was all of the seller in 2nd Wahid Hasyim Roadside. Sample was taken by Krejcie and Morgan so the there were 44 samples and used Cluster Random Sampling. The instruments are questionnaries, observation and laboratory test. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate (using Fisher test p= 0.05). The conclusion of this study there are a relation between chosing raw material (p=0,03) and saving raw material (p=0,03) with presence of Eschericia coli. There was no relation between processing raw material into ice cube with presence of Eschericia coli (p=0,15).Advice that can be given to ice cube should maintain hygiene and sanitation of the selection, processing and storage of ice cube.

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