scholarly journals Morphological, Biochemical, and Metabolomic Strategies of the Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L., cv. Deglet Nour) Roots Response to Salt Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2389
Author(s):  
Safa Bouhouch ◽  
Manal Eshelli ◽  
Houda Ben Slama ◽  
Ali Chenari Bouket ◽  
Tomasz Oszako ◽  
...  

Numerous Tunisian arid and semi-arid regions are subjected to soil salinity. Thus, they are known for halophytes plants cultivation, including date palms. Phoenix dactylifera L., cv. ‘Deglet Nour’, is a valuable Tunisian cultivar subjected to high salinity levels. In this way, our purpose is to evaluate the response of its roots to long period exposition to increasing salt concentrations. We started by studying the effects of 4 g/L, 8 g/L, 12 g/L, and 16 g/L NaCl on the parameters of germination (Growth rate—GR, Seed Mortality Rate—SLM, Germination Mean Time—GMT, and Germination Speed—GS) of date palm seeds for a 2-month period. We found that 4 g/L NaCl did not affect the seeds germination, and, hereinafter, the parameters of germination and the radicle length decreased with the increase of NaCl concentrations and experiment time. Then, we demonstrated a high antioxidative enzymes CAT and SOD production in case of salt stress augmentation. Lastly, a metabolomic approach was carried out by LC-HRMS, followed by an untargeted and targeted analysis using the XCMS online and MZmine tools, respectively. The roots chemical composition was compared using PCA. We identified 25 secondary metabolites, divided into 3 categories. Metabolites known for their role in salt stress alleviation include δ-tocotrienol, metabolites identified in salt stress for the first time, and other unknown metabolites.

2019 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ait-El-Mokhtar ◽  
Raja Ben Laouane ◽  
Mohamed Anli ◽  
Abderrahim Boutasknit ◽  
Said Wahbi ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas M. JASIM ◽  
Muayed F. ABBAS ◽  
Hussein J. SHAREEF

The effectiveness of exogenous application of calcium in ameliorating the adverse effects of salt stress (15.9 dS m<sup>-1</sup>) on date palm offshoots (<em>Phoenix dactylifera</em> L. cultivars of Berhi and Sayer) was investigated. Ca-fertilisers Polixal and Rexene were applied either as soil amendments or foliar spray. The results showed that Polixal at 30 ml offshoot<sup>-1</sup> significantly increased plant height, leaf area, total chlorophyll content, RWC, proline concentration, peroxidase activity, IAA content, K<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> ratio in leaves of Berhi cultivar, whereas catalase activity, ABA and Cl<sup>-  </sup>content were decreased. Also Berhi cultivar responded to soil amendments more than to foliar spray. However, Ca-fertilisers mitigated salt stress in the two cultivars and Berhi cultivar was more salt stress tolerant than Sayer cultivar by maintaining the high ratio of K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> and regulating levels of IAA to ABA, in silty clay loam soil. These results suggest that calcium application can improve the defense system under salt stress conditions.


Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2501
Author(s):  
Elmostapha Outamamat ◽  
Mohammed Bourhia ◽  
Hanane Dounas ◽  
Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah ◽  
Abdulhakeem Alzahrani ◽  
...  

The date, the palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is an important component of arid and semi-arid Mediterranean ecosystems, particularly in Morocco where it plays a considerable socio-economic and ecological role. This species is largely affected by desertification, global warming, and anthropic pressure. Salinity is a very worrying problem that negatively affects the growth and the physiological and biochemical activities of the date palm. In these arid zones, the main challenge is to develop new environmentally friendly technologies that improve crop tolerance to abiotic restraints including salinity. In this sense, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have received much attention due to their capability in promoting plant growth and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. It is thus fitting that the current research work was undertaken to evaluate and compare the effects of native AMF on the development of the growth and tolerance of date palm to salt stress along with testing their role as biofertilizers. To achieve this goal, two complexes and two monospecific isolates of native and non-native AMF were used to inoculate date palm seedlings under saline stress (0 g·L−1 Na Cl, 10 g·L−1, and 20 g·L−1 Na Cl). The obtained results showed that salinity drastically affected the physiological parameters and growth of date palm seedlings, whilst the application of selected AMF significantly improved growth parameters and promoted the activities of antioxidant enzymes as a protective strategy. Inoculation with non-native AMF complex and monospecific isolates showed higher responses for all analyzed parameters when compared with the native complex and isolate. It therefore becomes necessary to glamorize the fungal communities associated with date palm for their use in the inoculation of Phoenix dactylifera L. seedlings.


LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111762
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Almusallam ◽  
Isam A. Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Elfadil E. Babiker ◽  
Fahad Y. Al-Juhaimi ◽  
Ali Saleh ◽  
...  

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