scholarly journals Diurnal Ruminal pH and Temperature Patterns of Steers Fed Corn or Barley-Based Finishing Diets

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2809
Author(s):  
Hannah M. DelCurto-Wyffels ◽  
Julia M. Dafoe ◽  
Cory T. Parsons ◽  
Darrin L. Boss ◽  
Timothy DelCurto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Daily Variation ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Ruminal Temperature

This study evaluated the effects of corn or barley finishing diets on ruminal pH and temperature and their relationship to feed intake events using continuous reticulorumen monitoring of feedlot steers. Average daily ruminal pH and temperature were not impacted (p ≥ 0.17) by diet. However, diet did affect daily variation of ruminal pH and temperature (p < 0.01). Average hourly ruminal pH displayed a diet by hour post-feeding interaction (p < 0.01), where barley-fed steers had greater (p < 0.01) ruminal pH than corn-fed steers at 0, 1, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23 h post feeding, but had lower (p ≤ 0.05) ruminal pH than corn-fed steers at 6, 7, and 8 h post-feeding. Variation in ruminal pH hour post-feeding also displayed a diet by hour post-feeding interaction (p < 0.01), where barley-fed steers had greater (p ≤ 0.03) variation in ruminal pH at hours 1–17 post-feeding but did not differ (p ≥ 0.16) at 0, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23 h post-feeding. Additionally, average hourly ruminal temperature exhibited a diet by hour post-feeding interaction (p < 0.01). In summary, basal grain interacted with time post-feeding influencing ruminal pH and temperature in feedlot steers.

scholarly journals Effect of Mineral Salt Blocks Containing Sodium Bicarbonate or Selenium on Ruminal pH, Rumen Fermentation and Milk Production and Composition in Crossbred Dairy Cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Hathaichanok Insoongnern ◽  
Wuttikorn Srakaew ◽  
Tipwadee Prapaiwong ◽  
Napongphot Suphrap ◽  
Saisamorn Potirahong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Significant Difference

Ruminal pH is an important physiological parameter that regulates microbe activity; optimizing ruminal pH may improve rumen fermentation and milk production. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or selenium (Se) in mineral salt block (MSB) supplementation on ruminal pH, rumen fermentation, milk yield and composition in Holstein Friesian crossbred dairy cows. Four crossbred dairy cows with an initial weight of 456 ± 6 kg in mid-lactation were assigned at random using a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The experiments were divided into four periods, each lasting 21 days. Each cow was fed a basal diet supplemented with a different type of mineral salt block: a control with no MSB supplementation, and MSB groups with MSB containing NaHCO3 (MSB-Na), MSB containing Se (MSB-Se), and conventional commercial MSB (MSB-Com). MSB-Na contained NaHCO3 (500 g/kg) to prevent acidosis, MSB-Se contained organic Se (15 mg/kg) as an antioxidant, and MSB-Com was a positive control mineral salt block. The results show that there was no significant difference in feed intake between treatments, but there was a significant difference in mineral salt intake between treatments (p < 0.05). Supplementing mineral blocks had no effect on nutrient intake or apparent digestibility (p > 0.05). Ruminal pH was not different between treatments at 0 and 1 h post-feeding, but at 2 and 4 h post-feeding, ruminal pH in cows fed MSB-Na and MSB-Se was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than it was in cows fed MSB-Com and the control. Total volatile fatty acid (VFA), acetic, propionic, butyric, and ammonia nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen were not influenced by mineral blocks supplementation. Milk yield, milk composition and energy-corrected milk (ECM) were not affected by supplementing mineral blocks. However, compared with the control, the somatic cell count (SCC) in the milk was reduced (p < 0.05) by supplementation with the mineral salt block. Based on the results of the experiments, it was concluded that MSB-Na or MSB-Se supplementation improved ruminal pH while having no effect on feed intake, rumen fermentation, milk yield, or composition, though it did reduce SCC in milk. However, additional research should be conducted to investigate the effect of MSB on rumen ecology and milk production in dairy cows fed a high-concentrate diet.

Relationship between the gas production profiles of mixtures of hay and maize and the patterns of rumen fermentation observed in sheep fed those mixtures

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 63-63
Author(s):  
C. Rymer ◽  
D.I. Givens
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Molar Proportion ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
The Mean

The gas production (GP) technique has been developed to assess dynamics of ruminant digestion. Relationships have been observed between a feed's GP profile and in vivo parameters such as digestibility (Khazaal et al., 1993), feed intake and growth rate (Blümmel and Ørskov, 1993), and in situ degradability (Sileshi et al., 1997). However, there are few studies which relate GP data to the in vivo pattern of rumen fermentation (in terms of the rate of pH decline 2 h post-feeding and the mean rumen pH, concentration of total VFA and molar proportion of individual VFA). The object of this experiment was to determine whether such a relationship existed between a feed's GP profile and the pattern of rumen fermentation observed in animals fed that feed.

Feed intake, growth, and body and carcass attributes of feedlot steers supplemented with two levels of calcium nitrate or urea1

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (12) ◽  
pp. 5372-5381 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Hegarty ◽  
J. Miller ◽  
N. Oelbrandt ◽  
L. Li ◽  
J. P. M. Luijben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Feedlot Steers

Effects of feeding pistachio hull and interaruminal infusion of urea on feed intake, ruminal and abomasum N-NH3 and blood metabolites in Iranian Balochi sheep

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 163-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Gholizadeh ◽  
A Naserian ◽  
R Valizadeh ◽  
A Tahmasebi
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Ruminal Ph

Due to binding tannin with protein and cellulose, it was hypothesized that pistachio hull tannin can decrease the digestibility of protein and cellulose. Pistachio Hull (PH) is the main pistachio by-product produced from the pistachio dehulling process. PH contained 12.7, 5.7, 16.6, 25, and 20% ash, EE, CP, NDF, and ADF, respectively. The nutritional responses to high levels of dried pistachio by-product in the diet have not been clearly researched. The main objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of feeding pistachio Hull at high levels on feed intake, ruminal pH, N-NH3 and blood metabolites in Balochi sheep.

Effect of monensin and monensin and tylosin combination on feed intake variation of feedlot steers.

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Stock ◽  
S B Laudert ◽  
W W Stroup ◽  
E M Larson ◽  
J C Parrott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feedlot Steers

scholarly journals PSIV-22 The effects of altering ruminal fermentable carbohydrate supply in finishing diets containing distillers grains on rumen fermentation characteristics and nitrogen utilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 220-220
Author(s):  
Cody Ream ◽  
Allison V Stevens ◽  
Gwinyai Chibisa
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Total Urine

Abstract This study examined the effects of altering ruminal fermentable carbohydrate (RFC) supply by feeding different amounts of corn and wheat in finishing cattle diets containing 15% corn dried distillers grains [DDGS; dry matter (DM) basis] on ruminal fermentation characteristics and nitrogen (N) utilization. Six ruminally-cannulated crossbred heifers were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 28 d periods. Dietary treatments were either corn (73% of diet DM; CON), 53:20 corn:wheat blend (20W) or 33:40 corn:wheat blend (40W) as the major fermentable carbohydrate source. Diets were isonitrogenous (12% CP; DM basis). Feed intake was measured daily. Indwelling pH logger were used to measure ruminal pH (d 22 to 28) and ruminal fluid was collected from d 26 to 28 to determine fermentation characteristics, as were feces and urine to measure N excretion. Data was analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS. Dry matter and N intake tended to be lower (P ≤ 0.07) for heifers fed the 40W compared to the CON and 20W diets. There was no diet effect (P = 0.15) on total VFA concentration; however, the duration and area for pH &lt; 5.5 tended to be longer (P = 0.07) and greater (P = 0.096), respectively, for heifers fed the 20W and 40W compared to the CON diet. There was no diet effect (P ≥ 0.44) on ruminal ammonia concentration and total urine N excretion (g and % of N intake). However, urine urea N (UUN) excretion as a percentage of total urine N tended to be lower (P = 0.05) in heifers fed the 20W and 40W compared to the CON diet. In summary, although altering RFC supply by feeding increasing amounts of wheat resulted in a decrease in UUN excretion, it also caused a decrease in ruminal pH that possibly compromised DM intake.

Feeding frequency and its effect on feedlot performance in steers

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
D. F. Engstrom ◽  
D. R. ZoBell
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Mixed Diet ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Daily Gain

One hundred and twenty commercial feedlot steers were penned and randomly allocated to three treatments: fed once, twice and three times per day, over a grower through finisher period of 196 d. Feeding frequency had no effect (P > 0.05) on average daily gain, feed intake or efficiency overall. We conclude that there are no beneficial effects in feeding a total mixed diet more frequently to feedlot steers. Key words: Feeding, frequency, gain, steers, feed efficiency

scholarly journals THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF PRESSURE-STEAMED ASPEN (POPULUS TREMULOIDES) FOR MATURE SHEEP

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. SHARMA ◽  
N. E. FORSBERG ◽  
W. GUENTER
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Diet Versus ◽  
Average Body

Four rumen-fistulated sheep, 62 kg average body weight (BW), were assigned four pelleted diets containing 0 (control), 15, 30 and 45% steam-processed aspen (SPA) in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. All diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous to the control diet which contained 45% ground alfalfa hay as a roughage source. Intake of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and gross energy (GE) per kg BW0.75 were not affected (P > 0.05) by addition of SPA to pelleted sheep diets. However, digestible energy (DE) consumption apparently decreased with SPA diets. Apparent digestibilities of DM and GE significantly (P < 0.05) decreased for the SPA diets; however, CP and CF digestibility coefficients and N retention were not different (P > 0.05) among the four treatments. Ruminal pH for all treatments fell rapidly within 1 h post feeding and remained low to 12 h, whereas ammonia (NH3) levels were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated for all aspen-fed animals, from 1 h through 12 h post feeding. Total VFA concentrations and molar concentrations of acetic, propionic and butyric acids in ruminal fluid were comparatively lower for sheep fed the 45% SPA diet versus those receiving the other treatments. Blood serum glucose concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) depressed when 45% SPA was fed to mature sheep.

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