scholarly journals Canine and Feline Epididymal Semen—A Plentiful Source of Gametes

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2961
Author(s):  
Hiba Ali Hassan ◽  
Guillaume Domain ◽  
Gaia Cecilia Luvoni ◽  
Rana Chaaya ◽  
Ann Van Soom ◽  
...  

Canine and feline epididymal semen provide an additional source of gametes to preserve the genetics of valuable breeding dogs and tomcats, especially for those that fail to ejaculate, need castration as a therapy or die unexpectedly. Moreover, since it is quite common to perform castration of non-breeding dogs and cats, the development of a gene bank of epididymal semen collected after castration would greatly contribute to increase the genetic diversity in dogs and cats. Collection and cryopreservation of epididymal semen necessitates a full understanding of the function of the epididymis and of the characteristics of epididymal spermatozoa as opposed to ejaculated semen. During collection of epididymal semen, specific factors may have a negative effect on epididymal semen quality and freezability. Accordingly, the elimination of these triggers could enhance epididymal semen freezability and consequently positively influence post-thaw semen quality and outcome for different ARTs.

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Harvengt ◽  
A Meier-Dinkel ◽  
E Dumas ◽  
E Collin

Cryopreservation of a core collection of 444 elm (Ulmus spp.) clones in liquid nitrogen was carried out by two laboratories participating in a European project of conservation of elm genetic resources. Plant material, collected in nine European countries, represented a large sample of the genetic diversity within three European elm species and their hybrids. The cryopreservation technique used in both laboratories involved the stepwise freezing of cryotubes containing dormant buds. Comparisons with fresh buds showed that the cryopreservation treatment had no negative effect on the viability and regrowth potential of frozen buds. Tests on a random sample of 26 clones showed that direct regrowth of cryopreserved buds (i.e., through propagation by microcuttings) of Ulmus minor and Ulmus laevis was possible; conversely, Ulmus glabra could only be regrown through micrografting. Most thawed explants from all 26 clones survived through the whole cultivation phase and were successfully transferred to the field. A calculation of costs indicates that cryopreservation of elm buds is economically competitive to field clonal archives.


Biomonitoring ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Leijs ◽  
L.M. van der Linden ◽  
J.G. Koppe ◽  
K. Olie ◽  
W.M.C. van Aalderen ◽  
...  

AbstractPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins (PCDDs/Fs) are well-known endocrine disrupters. This paper strives to elucidate the data on reproductive consequences of perinatal dioxin and PCB exposure in men and women. We focused on the following end-points: sex-ratio, endometriosis, menstrual cycle characteristics, sperm quality, and prematurity. We summarize 46 papers and compare their results including effects seen after exposure to background concentrations. Seven of twelve studies showed a decrease in sex-ratio after parental dioxin or PCB exposure. In three of the seven studies, effects were seen after paternal exposure and in three after maternal exposure. In eight of the nine studies on menstrual cycle characteristics, abnormalities were associated with PCB or dioxin exposure, however the results differed. In three studies PCB and TCDD were associated with longer menstrual cycles, while three studies indicated that an increase in PCB/PCDF exposure was associated with shorter cycles. Five studies showed effects on menstrual bleeding with higher PCB or dioxin exposure. A higher rate of irregular menstrual cycles in exposed women was seen in four studies. The conflicting outcomes probably result from variability in study design, timing of exposure and endocrine disrupting properties of the measured congeners. Nine of sixteen studies detected higher PCB or dioxin exposure in women with endometriosis. However, the manner of diagnosing endometriosis and the character of the studies varied from prospective to retrospective. Five of eight studies focusing on sperm quality showed that men, with higher serum concentrations of PCBs and/or PCB congeners and/or PCDFs, had reduced sperm quality, including increased abnormal morphology and reduced motility. The exposure timeframe seemed important here. There are two studies addressing preterm birth in relation to PCBs, one mentioned a shortening of three days of gestational age, two other studies did not find a relation. Recently one study related a shorter gestational age of half a week with overall dioxin activity measured with the CALUX method in cord blood, particularly in boys. In conclusion, exposure to PCBs and dioxins has a negative effect on the reproductive systems of human populations. Although some speculations have been made, the exact mechanism of these effects and the interactions of these compounds with other endocrine disruptors are not yet known. Age at exposure and congener specific properties are probably crucial in interpreting the observed results.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Andari Risliawati ◽  
Yusi N. Andarini ◽  
Rerenstradika T. Terryana ◽  
Kristianto Nugroho ◽  
Puji Lestari

Pigmented rice is functional staple food that becomes popular because of its anthocyanin content which is beneficial for health. Studies on the diversity of the local variety of Indonesian pigmented rice accessions have been carried out, but are still limited to one region of germplasm origin. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of local varieties of pigmented rice collections of the IAARD-ICABIOGRAD Gene Bank. A total of 93 pigmented rice accessions from 16 provinces in Indonesia were analyzed using 15 functional molecular markers of SSR, STS, and indel. The total alleles detected were 115 with an average per locus of genetic diversity value of 0.71. There were five markers with PIC values >0.75, i.e. RM167, RM223, R8M33, R10M10, and GBSS1. The accessions were divided into two main groups based on their pericarp color. It is necessary to analyze the physicochemical content of the local rice accessions to complement the existing diversity information and identify potential pigmented rice accessions with high palatability.


2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Mishra ◽  
Sandhyarani Nishani ◽  
Madhura Gowda ◽  
Dandamudi Padmajyothi ◽  
Narayana Suresh ◽  
...  

Abstract The South-Western highlands of Ethiopia are considered to be the centre of origin and diversity of the arabica coffee, Coffea arabica. More than 80 accessions of arabica coffee collected from Ethiopia are available in Indian gene bank. However, the genetic diversity of these accessions is not studied in detail. In the present study, genetic diversity analysis of 48 accessions collected from eight provinces of Ethiopia was carried out using Sequence-related amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) marker. Among the thirty two SRAP primer combinations tested, 14 primer pairs were polymorphic and generated 203 distinct fragments. The number of fragments ranged from 7 to 21 with a mean of 14.5 fragments per primer combination. Of the total 203 amplified fragments, 182 (89.65%) were polymorphic and the percent of polymorphism ranged from 53.84% to a maximum of 100% using different primers. The average resolving power (Rp) and average polymorphism information content (PIC) of the 14 SRAP primer combinations was 14.31 and 0.648 respectively. A total of 13 rare alleles were obtained from SRAP assays, of which six rare alleles were obtained from the accessions collected from Shoa province. The UPGMA clustering algorithm from SRAP analysis grouped the 48 coffee accessions into two major clusters. The accessions collected from particular province clustered together which could be attributed to the substantial gene flow between adjacent population and the influence of geographical origin on genetic diversity. The study demonstrated the existence of substantial genetic variation in Ethiopian germplasm which could be utilized in coffee germplasm conservation and improvement program.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e43426
Author(s):  
Luana Rainieri Massucato ◽  
Karina Kazue Nakamura ◽  
Paulo Mauricio Ruas ◽  
Douglas Mariani Zefa ◽  
Derly José Henrique da Silva ◽  
...  

The conservation of okra landraces [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] in gene banks is essential for the success of their use in breeding programmes. This study evaluated the genetic diversity among okra landraces in Brazil based on morphoagronomic descriptors and AFLP markers. We studied 30 accessions of the vegetable gene bank of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa. To this end, 17 morphoagronomic descriptors and five combinations of AFLP primers were used. Genetic parameters were estimated for the quantitative traits and the accessions were grouped by Ward’s method, using the Gower’s and Jaccard’s distance measures, respectively, for the morphoagronomic and molecular data. Polymorphisms were observed for all qualitative traits, while the quantitative traits were significant by deviance analysis. The genetic parameters confirmed the existence of variability among accessions, and high accuracy and heritability indices were found for the traits related to fruit and plant height. Ward’s grouping showed no relationship between the clusters formed with the morphoagronomic and molecular data and the geographical origin of the accessions. No association between morphoagronomic descriptors and AFLP markers was observed. The lack of correlation suggests that both approaches of characterization are important to understand and differentiate the okra accessions.


2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulatu Geleta ◽  
Tomas Bryngelsson ◽  
Endashaw Bekele ◽  
Kifle Dagne

Seventeen populations of niger (Guizotia abyssinica), representing all regions in Ethiopia where this crop is grown, were investigated using the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique, in order to determine the extent and distribution of its genetic diversity. A total of 539 AFLP loci were scored using seven primer combinations applied to 170 individual plants. Of these, 90% were polymorphic and all the individuals investigated were genetically unique. Despite the fact that most of the variation was within populations, populations were differentiated at a significant level (analysis of molecular variance; P < 0.001). There were no significant differences between populations in relation to the extent and altitude of cultivation. A significant positive correlation was revealed between Nei's standard genetic distance and geographic distance. Cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis revealed that populations from the same regions were clustered together in most cases. Further collection of niger germplasm from areas underrepresented in gene bank collections is recommended.


2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 650-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Dinc ◽  
E. Ozkan ◽  
E. Koban ◽  
I. Togan

Abstract. In this study, the genetic diversity of three milk protein genes namely beta-casein, kappacasein and beta-lactoglobulin was estimated in Turkish cattle breeds. Based on these genes, breeds in Turkey have been grouped as: 1) Eastern Anatolian Red, Anatolian Black and Southern Anatolian Red and 2) Turkish Grey, Turkish Holstein and Holstein Candidate Bulls. B alleles of the three studied genes, which were reported to be positively related with cheese yield and quality, seemed to be low-intermediate for beta-casein and kappa-casein but relatively high for beta-lactoglobulin in the first group of Turkish breeds compared to other breeds of the world. The kappa-casein E allele, which has a negative effect on cheese quality, is absent in Turkish cattle breeds, except in Holstein Candidate Bulls. Therefore, the results suggest that milk of Turkish native breeds is suitable for cheese making. Based on observations of the Turkish breeds, some suggestions were made regarding breeding practices in Turkey.


Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2467
Author(s):  
Yoshinobu Takada ◽  
Atsuki Mihara ◽  
Yuhui He ◽  
Haolin Xie ◽  
Yusuke Ozaki ◽  
...  

In recent years, unilateral incompatibility (UI), which is an incompatibility system for recognizing and rejecting foreign pollen that operates in one direction, has been shown to be closely related to self-incompatibility (SI) in Brassica rapa. The stigma- and pollen-side recognition factors (SUI1 and PUI1, respectively) of this UI are similar to those of SI (stigma-side SRK and pollen-side SP11), indicating that SUI1 and PUI1 interact with each other and cause pollen-pistil incompatibility only when a specific genotype is pollinated. To clarify the genetic diversity of SUI1 and PUI1 in Japanese B. rapa, here we investigated the UI phenotype and the SUI1/PUI1 sequences in Japanese commercial varieties of Chinese cabbage. The present study showed that multiple copies of nonfunctional PUI1 were located within and in the vicinity of the UI locus region, and that the functional SUI1 was highly conserved in Chinese cabbage. In addition, we found a novel nonfunctional SUI1 allele with a dominant negative effect on the functional SUI1 allele in the heterozygote.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document