Physicochemical Characteristics of Yogurt from Sheep Fed with Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts

This study determined the effect of feeding Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf extracts to lactating ewes on the physicochemical composition of their milk and yogurt during storage (4 °C for 14 days) and the sensory acceptance of the yogurt. Over 45 days, 24 multiparous lactating Pelibuey and Katahdin ewes (two days in lactation) were randomly assigned to four groups: MO-0, basal diet (BD) + 0 mL MO; MO-20, BD + 20 mL MO; MO-40, BD + 40 mL MO; and MO-60, BD + 60 mL MO. In the milk, an increase of 6% in protein, 26% in leucine, 14% in ash, and 1% in the pH (6.71) was observed with MO-60. The density values decreased by 0.3% at a higher dose of MO compared to MO-0, while the nonfat solids (NFS) in the milk were similar between the treatments. In the yogurt, an increase of 5% in protein, 113% in leucine (MO-20), 9% in NFS, and a reduction of 2% in moisture with MO-60 was observed. The acidity reflected an inverse relationship to the pH, as did the moisture and NFS with MO-60. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with MO in lactating ewes did not have negative effects on the chemical composition of their yogurt during storage (14 days). Overall, feeding sheep with 20 mL of MO positively influenced the physicochemical composition of their milk and yogurt during storage.

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Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Moringa Oleifera on the Production Performance and Fecal Methanogenic Community of Lactating Dairy Cows

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9050262 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 262 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Lifeng Dong ◽

Tingting Zhang ◽

Qiyu Diao

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Dairy Product ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Production Performance ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Α Subunit ◽

Methanogenic Community

Development of alternative forage resources is of great importance to provide necessary nutrients and minimize greenhouse gas emissions in ruminant production. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dietary supplementation of Moringa oleifera on the production performance and fecal methanogenic community in dairy cows using methyl-coenzyme M reductase α-subunit gene. Sixty-four cows were allocated to one of four treatments: basal diet without M. oleifera (control) or low (3% w/w, M3), medium (6%, M6), or high (9%, M9) supplementation with M. oleifera. This study demonstrated that different supplementation levels of Moringa oleifera in the diet achieved similar feed intake and milk production, but adding 6% of Moringa oleifera improved milk fat content. Two families, two phyla, three genera, and three species in total were identified among the four treatments. The fecal archaeal community in the control treatment was predominated by Methanobrevibacter (39.1% of the total sequence reads) followed by Methanosphaera and Methanocorpusculum at the genus level. The increased abundance of the Methanosphaera genus and Methanosphaera sp. ISO3-F5 species was induced by secondary metabolites of Moringa oleifera in the diet. Results indicated that Moringa oleifera supplementation not only improved dairy product quality but could also potentially reduce methane emissions.

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Effect of Feeding Lactating Ewes with Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract on Milk Yield, Milk Composition and Preweaning Performance of Ewe/Lamb Pair

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10071117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1117 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriel Olvera-Aguirre ◽

Miriam Marleny Mendoza-Taco ◽

Darwin Nicolas Arcos-Álvarez ◽

Angel Trinidad Piñeiro-Vázquez ◽

Victor Manuel Moo-Huchin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Ewe Lamb

The objective this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOE) on milk production and milk composition in ewes and on preweaning performance of their lambs. Twenty-four lactating ewes were housed individually with their lambs and assigned to four groups in a completely randomized design. The treatments included a basal diet without MOE (MOE0) or a basal diet supplemented with either 20 mL MOE per ewe per day (MOE20), 40 mL MOE per ewe per day (MOE40) or 60 mL MOE per ewe per day (MOE60). Over 45 days, milk production was recorded weekly and individual milk samples were collected for chemical analysis. Milk yield, fat-corrected milk and daily yields were similar among the four treatments. The supply of MOE did not affect ewe weaning efficiency and average daily gain or litter weaning weight of the lambs. Overall, the results from this study showed that dietary supplementation of hydroalcoholic extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves at doses of 20, 40 or 60 mL/ewes/d in lactating ewes does not have negative effects on milk yield, milk composition or lamb performance.

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Corrigendum to: Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of dry-cured loin made from pigs fed Allium hookeri added whey powder and sensory trait evaluation using electronic tongue

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an17032_co ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 60 (12) ◽

pp. 1567

Author(s):

Ji-Han Kim ◽

Jung-Ho Kim ◽

Hyun-Joo Jang ◽

Hyun-Jin Lee ◽

Chi-Ho Lee

Keyword(s):

Electronic Tongue ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Sensory Characteristics ◽

Ripening Process ◽

Whey Powder ◽

Allium Hookeri ◽

Weight Yield

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Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of dry-cured loin made from pigs fed Allium hookeri added whey powder and sensory trait evaluation using electronic tongue

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an17032 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 191

Author(s):

Ji-Han Kim ◽

Jung-Ho Kim ◽

Hyun-Joo Jang ◽

Hyun-Jin Lee ◽

Chi-Ho Lee

Keyword(s):

Free Amino ◽

Electronic Tongue ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Sensory Characteristics ◽

Ripening Process ◽

Whey Powder ◽

Allium Hookeri ◽

Weight Yield

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with Allium hookeri (A. hookeri) added whey powder on the physicochemical characteristics of dry-cured loin (CON, basal diet; AH, addition of 1% A. hookeri; AHW, addition of 0.5% A. hookeri and 4% whey powder) during manufacturing (pre- and post-salting, drying and ripening process) and analyse their sensory characteristics using electronic tongue. Crude fat and weight yield of AH were higher (P < 0.05) than those of CON. The AH inhibited (P < 0.05) lipid oxidation and the reduction of redness during manufacturing. The percentage of some free amino acids (tyrosine, methionine, phenylalanine, isoleucine and leucine) in AHW was higher (P < 0.05) compared with those in CON. Monounsaturated fatty acid composition was the highest (P < 0.05) in AHW. Sensory evaluation by panellists did not show significant differences among the three groups (CON, AH and AHW). However, the richness of AH and AHW was significantly higher compared with that of CON based on electronic tongue analysis. Taken together, these results revealed that AH supplementation with whey powder had higher oxidative stability and enhanced dry-cured loin quality.

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Effect of feeding goats with distilled and non-distilled thyme leaves (Thymus zygis subp. gracilis) on milk and cheese properties

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029913000459 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 448-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Khalid Boutoial ◽

Victor García ◽

Silvia Rovira ◽

Eduardo Ferrandini ◽

Oussama Abdelkhalek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Goat Milk ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Texture Profile ◽

Milk Clotting ◽

Physicochemical Composition ◽

Thymus Zygis ◽

Feeding Costs ◽

Diet Control ◽

Different Levels ◽

Effect Of Feeding

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding goats with distilled and non-distilled thyme leaves (Thymus zygis subsp. gracilis) on the physicochemical composition and technological properties of pasteurised goat milk, and on the physicochemical composition, phenolic content, oxidative stability, microbiology, sensory and texture profile of Murcia al Vino goat cheese. One group of goats was fed the basal diet (control), the second and third groups were fed with different levels of distilled (10 and 20%) or non-distilled (3·75 and 7·5%) thyme leaves. Goat milk physicochemical composition was significantly affected by the substitution of 7·5% of basal goat diet with non-distilled thyme leaves (increase in fat, protein, dry matter and PUFA content), while goat milk clotting time was increased significantly by the introduction of 20% distilled thyme leaves, which reduces its technological suitability. Microbiology, sensory and texture profiles were not affected by the introduction of distilled thyme leaves. The introduction of distilled and non-distilled thyme leaves as an alternative feed to diet can lead to an inhibition of lipids oxidation. The introduction of distilled and non-distilled thyme leaves into goat's diet can be successfully adopted as a strategy to reduce feeding costs and to take advantage of the waste from the production of essential oils, minimising waste removing costs and the environmental impact.

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Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Status by β-Carotene in Late Pregnant Sows

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2020.612875 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Xupeng Yuan ◽

Jiahao Yan ◽

Ruizhi Hu ◽

Yanli Li ◽

Ying Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Control Group ◽

Metabolic Activities ◽

The Impact ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Β Carotene

Recent evidences suggest that gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating physiological and metabolic activities of pregnant sows, and β-carotene has a potentially positive effect on reproduction, but the impact of β-carotene on gut microbiota in pregnant sows remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanisms of β-carotene on the reproductive performance of sows from the aspect of gut microbiota. A total of 48 hybrid pregnant sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) with similar parity were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 16) and fed with a basal diet or a diet containing 30 or 90 mg/kg of β-carotene from day 90 of gestation until parturition. Dietary supplementation of 30 or 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the number of live birth to 11.82 ± 1.54 and 12.29 ± 2.09, respectively, while the control group was 11.00 ± 1.41 (P = 0.201). Moreover, β-carotene increased significantly the serum nitric oxide (NO) level and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (P < 0.05). Characterization of fecal microbiota revealed that 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the diversity of the gut flora (P < 0.05). In particular, β-carotene decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes including Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group, Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-008, but enriched Proteobacteria including Bilophila and Sutterella, and Actinobacteria including Corynebacterium and Corynebacterium 1 which are related to NO synthesis. These data demonstrated that dietary supplementation of β-carotene may increase antioxidant enzyme activity and NO, an important vasodilator to promote the neonatal blood circulation, through regulating gut microbiota in sows.

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PSVI-3 Dietary supplementation with coated omega-3 fatty acids has positive effects on growth performance and nutrients digestibility in weaned pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa054.343 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 196-197

Author(s):

Woo Jung Seok ◽

Je min Ahn ◽

Jing Hu ◽

Dexin Dang ◽

Yanjiao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Phase 3 ◽

Linear Effect ◽

Weaning Pigs

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of coated omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 CFA) by corn cob power silica on performance of weaning pigs. A total of 200 weaned pigs [(Landrace x Yorkshire) x Duroc, average initial body weight at 6.97 ± 1.22 kg] were randomly assigned to four experimental treatments in a 6-week experiment in 3 phases as follows: CON, basal diet; 2) 0.3CFA, CON + phase 1(0.3% n-3CFA), phase 2(0.2% n-3CFA), phase 3(0.1% n-3CFA); 3) 0.6CFA, CON + phase 1(0.6% n-3CFA), phase 2(0.4% n-3CFA), phase 3(0.2% n-3CFA); 4) 0.9CFA, CON + phase 1(0.9% n-3CFA), phase 2(0.6% n-3CFA), phase 3 (0.3% n-3CFA). Each treatment had 10 replicates with 5 pigs (three gilts and two barrows) per replicate. The data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS as a randomized complete block design. Pen served as the experimental unit. Linear, quadratic and cubic polynomial contrasts were used to examine effect of dietary treatment with coated n-3FA in the basal diet. Variability in the data was expressed as the standard error of means and P< 0.05 was considered to statistically significant. Increasing the level of n-3CFA in the diet linearly increased ADG and G/F of pigs (Table 1). Increasing the level of n-3CFA showed a linear increment in the digestibility of DM (83.59, 84.38, 85.13, 85.89 %) whereas nitrogen digestibility (81.79, 82.38, 82.96, 83.64 %) showed a trend (linear effect, p=0.0594) at the end of experiment. The fecal lactobacillus count was increased (7.22, 7.27, 7.33, 7.35 log10cfu/g) with the increase in the supplemental level of n-3CFA (linear effect; p< 0.05). However, there were no differences in the concentration of serum haptoglobin, or fecal E. coli, Clostridium and Salmonella counts despite the increase in n-3CFA levels in the diet. Supplementation of the diet with coated n-3 fatty acids positively affected growth performance and digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen, and enhanced the count of lactobacillus in weaning pigs.

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Mitigation Effects of Bentonite and Yeast Cell Wall Binders on AFB1, DON, and OTA Induced Changes in Laying Hen Performance, Egg Quality, and Health

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins13020156 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 156

Author(s):

Ling Zhao ◽

Yue Feng ◽

Jing-Tao Wei ◽

Meng-Xiang Zhu ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Liver Weight ◽

Laying Hen ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Villus Height ◽

Crypt Depth ◽

Induced Changes

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mycotoxin binders in reducing the adverse effects of co-occurring dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON) and ochratoxin A (OTA) on laying hens. Three hundred and sixty 26-week-old Roman laying hens were randomly allocated into four experimental groups with 10 replicates of nine birds each. The four groups received either a basal diet (BD; Control), a BD supplemented with 0.15 mg/kg AFB1 + 1.5 mg/kg DON + 0.12 mg/kg OTA (Toxins), a BD + Toxins with Toxo-HP binder (Toxins + HP), or a BD + Toxins with TOXO XL binder (Toxins + XL) for 12 weeks. Compared to the control, dietary supplementation of mycotoxins decreased (P < 0.10) total feed intake, total egg weight, and egg-laying rate, but increased feed/egg ratio by 2.5–6.1% and mortality during various experimental periods. These alterations induced by mycotoxins were alleviated by supplementation with both TOXO HP and XL binders (P < 0.10). Furthermore, dietary mycotoxins reduced (P < 0.05) eggshell strength by 12.3% and caused an accumulation of 249 μg/kg of DON in eggs at week 12, while dietary supplementation with TOXO HP or XL mitigated DON-induced changes on eggshell strength and prevented accumulation of DON in eggs (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary mycotoxins increased relative liver weight, but decreased spleen and proventriculus relative weights by 11.6–22.4% (P < 0.05). Mycotoxin exposure also increased alanine aminotransferase activity and reduced immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgM, and IgG concentrations in serum by 9.2–26.1% (P < 0.05). Additionally, mycotoxin exposure induced histopathological damage and reduced villus height, villus height/crypt depth, and crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum and (or) ileum (P < 0.05). Notably, most of these histological changes were mitigated by supplementation with both TOXO HP and XL (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the mycotoxin binders TOXO HP and XL can help to mitigate the combined effects of AFB1, DON, and OTA on laying hen performance, egg quality, and health.

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Impact of Dietary Supplementation with Moringa oleifera Leaves on Performance, Meat Characteristics, Oxidative Stability, and Fatty Acid Profile in Growing Rabbits

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11020248 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 248

Author(s):

Shaimaa Selim ◽

Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽

Mohamed M. Hassan ◽

Ahmed A. Saleh ◽

Mohamed A. Mousa

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Live Weight ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Relative Content ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Control Group ◽

Moringa Oleifera Leaves

Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) have gained great interest as a non-traditional feed ingredient due to their unique nutritional value. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of graded dietary supplementation levels with MOL on performance, carcass characteristics, antioxidant capacity, blood biochemical constituents, meat quality, and fatty acids profile of growing rabbits. A total of 120 weaned New Zealand white rabbits (6 weeks old) were randomly allotted into 4 dietary groups with 5 replicates each (n = 6), which were fed for 42 days with a basal diet as control or 3 experimental diets supplemented with 5, 10, or 15 g/kg MOL. The results showed that, compared to the control group, the dietary inclusion of MOL at a level of 10 and 15 g/kg DM linearly increased (p < 0.01) final live weight (2403.3 and 2498.2 vs. 2166.6) and average daily weight gain (36.5 and 35.51 g/d vs. 28.72 g/d), and enhanced feed conversion ratio (2.49 and 2.50 vs. 3.14). The dietary supplementation with MOL linearly increased dressing out percentage, spleen index, intestinal length, and decreased abdominal fat index (p < 0.01). Greater serum levels of total protein and globulin, but lower alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were observed in the MOL-fed rabbits (p < 0.01). Serum levels of total triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.05) were decreased linearly and quadratically in the MOL groups compared with the control. Glutathione peroxidase activity increased (p < 0.01), whereas malondialdehyde decreased (p < 0.01) linearly and quadratically in both serum and meat, in response to dietary MOL supplementation. Dietary MOL supplementation increased the meat crude protein content but lowered the relative content of ether extract in the meat (p < 0.05). The relative content of the meat n-3 PUFA was increased by about 33.71%, 29.46%, and 24.36% for the MOL0.5%, MOL1%, and MOL1.5% groups compared to control. In conclusion, MOL could be used at a level of 1.5g/kg of the growing rabbits’ diets with beneficial impacts on performance, antioxidant capacity, and the nutritional value of the meat.

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Probiotic Greek yogurt: effect of the addition of prebiotic fat substitutes on the physicochemical characteristics, probiotic survival, and sensory acceptance

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029921000121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 98-104

Author(s):

Sofia Sestito Dias ◽

Damarys de Souza Vergílio ◽

Arthur Marroni Pereira ◽

Suellen Jensen Klososki ◽

Vanessa Aparecida Marcolino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Storage Period ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Modified Starch ◽

Sensory Acceptance ◽

Ph Values ◽

Fat Substitutes ◽

Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽

The Impact

AbstractIn this research communication we evaluate the impact of the addition of prebiotic components (inulin, polydextrose, and modified starch, 40 g/l) as fat substitutes on the physicochemical characteristics, probiotic survival, and sensory acceptance of probiotic (Lacticaseibacillus casei 01, 108 CFU/ml) Greek yogurts during storage (7 °C, 28 d). All formulations had probiotic counts higher than 107 CFU/ml during storage and simulated gastrointestinal conditions (SGIC). The prebiotic components increased the probiotic survival to the enteric phase of the SGIC, with inulin producing the most pronounced effect. Inulin addition resulted in products with lower pH values and consistency and higher titratable acidity during storage, with negative impact on the sensory acceptance (flavor, texture, and overall impression) at the end of the storage period. Modified starch addition impacted negatively on the acceptance of the products (appearance, flavor, texture, and overall impression). Polydextrose addition resulted in products with lower consistency, but similar sensory acceptance to the full-fat yogurt. It can be concluded that it is possible to prepare potentially synbiotic Greek yogurts by desorption technique using L. casei as probiotic culture and inulin, polydextrose or modified starch as prebiotic components, with the utilization of polydextrose being advisable.

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