scholarly journals Performance of High Content Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in Asphaltic Mix with Crumb Rubber Modifier and Waste Engine Oil as Rejuvenator

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5226
Author(s):  
Md Zahid Hossain Khan ◽  
Suhana Koting ◽  
Herda Yati Binti Katman ◽  
Mohd Rasdan Ibrahim ◽  
Ali Mohammed Babalghaith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Waste Engine Oil

The utilisation of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) as a suitable substitute for natural aggregate and binder offers an energy-saving and cost-effective approach to enhance the performance of asphalt mix. Realising the potential use of RAP as a promising recycling technique, many countries are seeking to recycle RAP as part of the global effort to address the rising challenge of climate change and contribute to a sustainable environment. This study aimed to develop an integrated approach to determine the amount of RAP to be used in an asphaltic concrete wearing course with 14 mm nominal maximum aggregate size (ACW14). The RAP was incorporated with two waste materials comprising waste engine oil (WEO) as a rejuvenator and Crumb Rubber (CRM) as a binder modifier. A total of five different mixes, which include R0 (control mix), R30, R50, R70, and R100 (replacement of 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% of RAP aggregates in the mix, respectively) were evaluated. The Marshall parameters, resilient modulus (MR), indirect tensile fatigue, moisture susceptibility, and mass loss (ML) tests were conducted to investigate the performance of each mix. Finally, an arbitrary scale was developed to optimise the RAP content. The results showed that the Marshall parameters, moisture susceptibility, and ML values of the RAP mixes met the criteria outlined in the standard. According to the MR performance, the R50, R70, and R100 mixes were more resilient than the R0. In terms of fatigue resistance, the R30, R50, and R70 mixes showed better performance than the R0. Overall, the collective performance of all RAP mixes was above the R0 and it increased with the increment of RAP content. Therefore, it was possible to design ACW14 mixes with up to 100% RAP in combination with WEO and CRM.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Waste Engine Oil-Rejuvenated Asphalt Concrete Mixtures with High RAP Content

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Mamun ◽  
H. I. Al-Abdul Wahhab
Keyword(s):  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Waste Engine Oil ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Aged Binder

The use of large proportions of reclaimed asphalt pavement is necessary to meet the increasing demand for road construction materials in a sustainable way. One of the challenges of using a greater percentage of reclaimed asphalt pavement (>30%) is the greater stiffness of mixes incorporating it. While this stiffness problem is usually resolved by using different commercial rejuvenators, there are circumstances in which commercial rejuvenators are not available. Therefore, this study evaluates the potential of using waste engine oil as a substitute for commercial rejuvenators for the higher percentage of reclaimed asphalt pavement that could meet the increasing demand in a more sustainable way. To assess the possibility of using a higher percentage of reclaimed asphalt pavement in road construction, different percentages of reclaimed asphalt pavement (30%, 40%, and 50%) are used. Following the property of the aged binder, three different percentages (7%, 13%, and 20%) of waste engine oil are considered. Each percent of waste engine oil is incorporated with one of the three mixes. The mixes (with the minimum required Marshall criteria) are evaluated for different properties, namely, their indirect tensile strength, resilient modulus, and durability. Finally, those properties are compared to those of the mixes rejuvenated by commercial rejuvenators. It is observed that, for the aforementioned properties, 7% to 13% of waste engine oil is identical to the commercial rejuvenator for the mixes with 30% to 40% of reclaimed asphalt pavement.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Waste Cooking Oil and Waste Engine Oil Rejuvenated Asphalt Concrete Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 7987-7997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
H. I. Al-Abdul Wahhab ◽  
M. A. Dalhat
Keyword(s):  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Waste Engine Oil

Abstract In road construction, different types of waste oil have been recommended to overcome the stiffening effect of reclaimed asphalt pavement content. However, the selection of an effective rejuvenator based on a comparative study can lead to using the resources more efficiently. In this study, waste cooking oil and waste engine oil are used to rejuvenate three different percentages (30%, 40%, and 50%) of reclaimed asphalt pavement following the current maximum industrial adaptability. The waste oil rejuvenated mixtures are compared to the fresh mixture, and mixtures rejuvenated with commercial rejuvenator. The moisture sensitivity, indirect tensile strength, and resilient modulus of the various asphalt mixtures are analyzed. Based on the statistical analyses and overall ranking, it is concluded that 7% of waste engine oil performs better till 40% of reclaimed asphalt pavement, whereas 13% of waste cooking oil can be used till 50% of reclaimed asphalt pavement.

THE EFFECT OF INCORPORATING RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF HOT MIX ASPHALT MIXTURES

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Khairul Idham ◽  
Mohd Rosli Hainin
Keyword(s):  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Rutting Resistance ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt

In pavement industries, incorporating appropriate amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in the fresh mixtures is one of the approaches to attain sustainable principle in construction. Usage RAP materials have been practiced since 1970s, however, pavements made with RAP will reach the end of service life and need to be recycled again. Only a few studies done on the second recycle of RAP (R2AP). Therefore, this paper aimed to investigate the effect of incorporating RAP and R2AP in the asphalt mixture. RAP was collected from in-service road which was exposed to the environment and traffic for seven years. While, the second cycle of RAP (R2AP) was obtained through the laboratory aging process.  20, 40, and 60 % of RAP and R2AP were mixed with fresh dense graded aggregates to form Asphaltic Concrete with 14 mm nominal maximum aggregate size (AC 14). Resilient modulus test was performed to evaluate the performance on rutting resistance. Tensile strength was also evaluated at 25 °C as an indicator for fatigue resistance. 60 % of RAP and 40 % of R2AP are observed to the best optimum amount to be added in the fresh mixture in order to improve both fatigue and rutting resistance.

Implications of Including Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Materials to Performance of Balanced Asphalt Concrete Mixes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (12) ◽  
pp. 670-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Barros ◽  
Victor M. Garcia ◽  
Jose Garibay ◽  
Imad Abdallah ◽  
Soheil Nazarian
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Recycled Materials ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Interaction Diagram

Understanding the effect of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) on the mechanical performance of asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures may lead to improved mix design aiming to maximize the use of recycled materials while yielding optimal volumetric properties and balanced performance. This paper presents an experimental evaluation of the RAP content and source on the mechanical performance of AC mixes as measured by overlay tester, Hamburg wheel tracking device, and indirect tension tests. Several Superpave mixes with 12.5 mm nominal maximum aggregate size and recycled binder replacement ratios ranging from 0 to over 50 were designed and evaluated in this study. A performance interaction diagram was used to interpret collectively the cracking susceptibility, rutting potential, and tensile strength of the AC mixes. Asphalt concrete mixes with high RAP content can be balanced with proper individual mix design and their performance assessed through mechanical characterization. Furthermore, AC mixes with RAP from different sources yielded different cracking and rutting potentials. The performance tests and analysis methodology from this study could potentially be incorporated into the balanced mix design process to provide well-performing mixes containing optimal amounts for recycled materials.

Performance of Hot and Cold Recycled Mixtures with High Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Content

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (9) ◽  
pp. 714-726
Author(s):  
Edith Arámbula-Mercado ◽  
Santiago J. Chavarro-Muñoz ◽  
Sheng Hu ◽  
Howie Moseley
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Maintenance And Rehabilitation

Florida Department of Transportation yearly maintenance and rehabilitation activities include milling and resurfacing of approximately 2,000 lane miles of roadway, with an average resurfacing depth of about 2.1 in. (55 mm). These activities result in the generation and accumulation of roughly 1.8 million tons of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) each year. The use of elevated quantities of RAP in asphalt pavement provides an environmentally responsible solution to the accumulated RAP surplus in some urban areas, while at the same time offering an economical pavement maintenance and rehabilitation option to local agencies facing budget constraints. The objective of this project was to compare the performance of mixtures with 60% RAP content to be used primarily on low volume roads (average daily traffic <750 vehicles) and suggest adequate test methods within the context of a balanced mix design approach. To accomplish this objective, three types of mixtures were considered: hot, cold with emulsion, and cold with foamed binder. Performance testing included intermediate temperature cracking, rutting, moisture susceptibility, and durability. The hot recycled mixtures showed good moisture susceptibility and cracking resistance, especially when rejuvenators were incorporated. The cold recycled mixtures showed poor moisture susceptibility and durability characteristics, which were alleviated when hydrated lime or Portland cement was incorporated in the emulsified and foamed mixtures, respectively. Most hot recycled mixtures, and all the cold recycled mixtures, exhibited poor rutting behavior, likely because of the harsh conditions of the test. A life-cycle cost analysis demonstrated more favorable savings when cold recycled mixtures were used.

High-Performance Thin-Lift Overlays with High Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Content and Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 2293 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa S. Mogawer ◽  
Alexander J. Austerman ◽  
Robert Kluttz ◽  
Michael Roussel
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Pavement Preservation ◽  
Asphalt Overlay ◽  
Structural Capacity

A high-performance thin asphalt overlay (HPThinOL) is specified as having a thickness of 1 in. or less and is used in applications requiring high levels of rutting and fatigue resistance. HPThinOLs are used as a pavement preservation strategy and are placed on pavements that have remaining structural capacity that is expected to outlive that strategy. Current specifications for HPThinOLs generally call for a polymer-modified asphalt (PMA). However, PMA binders are more expensive than unmodified asphalt binders. This expense, coupled with the higher binder content requirement generally associated with HPThinOL, could lead to an initial higher cost in relation to other pavement preservation strategies. Although the higher initial cost can be offset by incorporating high amounts of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), the use of high amounts of RAP in PMA mixtures might adversely affect the mixture performance (stiffness, cracking, or workability). Warm-mix asphalt (WMA) technology may improve the workability of HPThinOL that incorporates high RAP content and PMA binders. This study evaluated the effect of PMA binders, high RAP content, and WMA technology on the stiffness, resistance to reflective cracking, moisture susceptibility, and workability of HPThinOL mixtures. PMA binders and high RAP content increased the stiffness of HPThinOL significantly; however, the use of WMA technology lowered mixture stiffness and improved workability. PMA may improve the cracking resistance, moisture susceptibility, and rutting resistance of high-RAP HPThinOL mixtures, depending on whether a WMA technology is used.

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