scholarly journals Tuning Potassium Fertilization to Improve pH and Acidity in Glera Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) under a Warming Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11869
Author(s):  
Patrick Marcuzzo ◽  
Federica Gaiotti ◽  
Marco Lucchetta ◽  
Lorenzo Lovat ◽  
Diego Tomasi
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
K Fertilization

Potassium concentration in grape berries can affect acidity and pH in must and wines. Under the current warming scenario, where preserving equilibrated value for these grape parameters is increasingly challenging, K fertilization could represent a tool to manage grape composition. In this study, the effect of potassium fertilization was investigated over 4 years (2013–2016) in field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Glera). Four different potassium rates (0, 15, 30, 60 kg K2O ha−1 year−1) were tested and agronomic responses, grape quality as well as K concentration in the berry were recorded over the four years. At harvest, yield parameters and total soluble solids were unaffected by potassium fertilization. On the contrary, the titratable acidity of the musts was increased by the higher rate of potassium (K60), and both tartaric and malic acids showed higher values when the K rate was higher. K fertilization did not affect the pH, as all the treatments displayed comparable pH values and in an optimal range for winemaking. Overall, in our experimental conditions, medium potassium inputs showed better results on Glera grape quality compared to low K rates, by promoting higher titratable acidity levels without altering the pH in musts.

scholarly journals Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) production and soil potassium forms in vineyard subjected to potassium fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlise Nara Ciotta ◽  
Carlos Alberto Ceretta ◽  
Amanda Veridiana Krug ◽  
Gustavo Brunetto ◽  
Gilberto Nava
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
K Fertilization

Abstract Potassium fertilization can change K forms available in the soil, as well as influence plant absorption of it and yield but, mainly, it can affect grape composition. The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of potassium (K) fertilization on grape production and juice (must) composition of a Cabernet Sauvignon cultivar. Grapevines were treated with 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 year-1 K2O. Leaf K contents, grape yield per plant and area, total soluble solids (TSS), must pH and titratable acidity, and K available in the soil were assessed. Soil samples collected at the 20-cm layer were analyzed to measure K availability and nonexchangeable K in them, based on studies conducted over 3 growing seasons. Results have shown that K application did not have effect on grape production and must composition, although it increased K contents in leaf blade and petiole. However, annual K fractionation in the soil has suggested that 100 kg ha-1 year-1 K2O is the K dose capable of maintaining K availability to plants at more appropriate contents throughout the growing seasons.

scholarly journals Grading and Sorting of Grape Berries Using Visible-Near Infrared Spectroscopy on the Basis of Multiple Inner Quality Parameters

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xiao ◽  
Li Feng ◽  
Dajie Song ◽  
Kang Tu ◽  
Jing Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Grape Quality

The potential of visible-near infrared (vis/NIR) spectroscopy (400 nm to 1100 nm) for classification of grape berries on the basis of multi inner quality parameters was investigated. Stored Vitis vinifera L. cv. Manicure Finger and Vitis vinifera L. cv. Ugni Blanc grape berries were separated into three classes based on the distribution of total soluble solid content (SSC) and total phenolic compounds (TP). Partial least squares regression (PLS) was applied to predict the quality parameters, including color space CIELAB, SSC, and TP. The prediction results showed that the vis/NIR spectrum correlated with the SSC and TP present in the intact grape berries with determination coefficient of prediction (RP2) in the range of 0.735 to 0.823. Next, the vis/NIR spectrum was used to distinguish between berries with different SSC and TP concentrations using partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) with >77% accuracy. This study provides a method to identify stored grape quality classes based on the spectroscopy and distributions of multiple inner quality parameters.

scholarly journals Fruit quality and production of Vitis vinifera L. Chardonnay affected by partial defoliation in tropical highlands

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 7581-7588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Ernesto Peña Olmos ◽  
Fánor Casierra Posada
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Defoliation Treatment ◽  
Parameter Values

Using a completely randomized design with two treatments (50% defoliation and a control without defoliation) and six replications per treatment, the fruit quality and production of grape plants subjected to early partial-defoliation in Villa de Leyva - Colombia were determined. Five-year-old Vitis vinifera L. 'Chardonnay' plants were used as the plant material, planted in a trellis system with distances of 2.1 x 1 m. The plants were partially defoliated biweekly, removing every other recently emerged leaf in each of the plants subjected to the defoliation treatment. 130 days after the start of the pruning, the number of harvested clusters was determined for each of the evaluated plants along with the number of berries per cluster, the fresh weight of the clusters, the average berry weight, the fruit pH and diameter, the total soluble solids (TSS), the total titratable acidity (TTA) and the fruit maturity index (MI). The average weights of the clusters and the berries were significantly higher in the plants subjected to a reduced foliar area. All of the fruit quality parameter values increased with defoliation with the exception of TTA, which was higher in the control plants. Therefore, it was concluded that partial-defoliation had a pronounced influence on the fruit quality and production of the 'Chardonnay' grapes.

scholarly journals Épocas de desponte de cachos na variedade de uva rainha Itália (Vitis vinifera L.), produzida em ambiente protegido na Serra Gaúcha

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio de Freitas Fogaça ◽  
◽  
Izaias Boff ◽  
Marcio Nilton Lima Mautone ◽  
Marcus Toebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Bunch Length ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Chemical Physics ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Market Requirements

The objective of the work was to evaluate the production and quality of the cultivar Italia produced in a protected environment, submitted to three seasons of topping of bunch. The experiment was carried out in 2015, in Caxias do Sul - RS. The experimental design used blocks at random with four treatments, being: without topping of bunch, topping of bunch in pre-flowering, topping of bunch in full bloom, topping of bunch in post-blooming. The variables analyzed were: production per plant, bunch weight, bunch length, berry diameter and number of bunches soluble solids and titratable acidity. Regardless of the pruning time of the bunches, the factors of production and the evaluated chemical physics were not affected, obtaining bunches with weight and shape according to market requirements.

scholarly journals The impact of cluster thinning and leaf removal timing on the grape quality and concentration of monomeric anthocyanins in Cabernet-Sauvignon and Probus (Vitis vinifera L.) wines

OENO One ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragoslav Ivanišević ◽  
Mladen Kalajdžić ◽  
Mato Drenjančević ◽  
Vladimir Puškaš ◽  
Nada Korać
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Cluster Thinning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Monomeric Anthocyanins

Aim: Leaf removal around clusters and cluster thinning are techniques usually applied in cool-climate vineyards in order to achieve optimal grape maturity. However, the impact of the timing of these two operations differs across varieties. Thus, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of cluster thinning and leaf removal timing (performed at three specific time points) on grape quality and monomeric anthocyanins in the wines of Cabernet-Sauvignon and Probus (Kadarka × Cabernet-Sauvignon, Vitis vinifera L.)Methods and results: The experiment was conducted in Sremski Karlovci (Northern Serbia) in 2014, 2015, and 2016. Leaf removal was applied on six basal nodes of each shoot at three time points, 7 days after flowering, 30 days after flowering, and at veraison, i.e., at the onset of berry ripening. After cluster thinning, which was performed 7 days after flowering, one cluster per shoot was retained. On the treated vines, leaf removal treatment and cluster thinning were applied only once. Leaf removal was more effective than cluster thinning in respect to grape quality. Leaf removal, applied 7 and 30 days after flowering, decreased titratable acidity in Cabernet-Sauvignon, while in Probus an interaction of leaf removal and year was observed. Moreover, early leaf removal decreased the incidence of Botrytis sp. in Probus. The varieties reacted differently to cluster thinning in respect to grape quality: cluster thinning increased total soluble solids in Probus and lowered titratable acidity in Cabernet-Sauvignon. In 2015, both cluster thinning and leaf removal yielded changes in the anthocyanin ratios in the wines. Cluster thinning increased total and acylated anthocyanins in the wine of Cabernet-Sauvignon compared to wine derived from unthinned vines. The peonidin content was 40 % higher in the Cabernet-Sauvignon wine if the vines were subjected to leaf removal treatments.Conclusions: Cluster thinning and leaf removal affected both Cabernet-Sauvignon and Probus (Vitis vinifera L.) grape quality and wine composition. Early leaf removal was the most effective treatment in both varieties. Therefore, combined application of cluster thinning and early leaf removal is highly recommended in the production of high-quality red wines in Serbia.Significance and impact of the study: Timing of leaf removal application was usually investigated around flowering and veraison. Our results suggested that leaf removal between these two phenological stages also improves grape quality and changes the ratio of the monomeric anthocyanins in the wine.

scholarly journals The Exploitation of Local Vitis vinifera L. Biodiversity as a Valuable Tool to Cope with Climate Change Maintaining Berry Quality

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
María Carmen Antolín ◽  
María Toledo ◽  
Inmaculada Pascual ◽  
Juan José Irigoyen ◽  
Nieves Goicoechea
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

(1) Background: The associated increase in global mean surface temperature together with raised atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration is exerting a profound influence on grapevine development (phenology) and grape quality. The exploitation of the local genetic diversity based on the recovery of ancient varieties has been proposed as an interesting option to cope with climate change and maintaining grape quality. Therefore, this research aimed to characterize the potential fruit quality of genotypes from seven local old grapevine varieties grown under climate change conditions. (2) Methods: The study was carried out on fruit-bearing cuttings (one cluster per plant) that were grown in pots in temperature gradient greenhouses (TGG). Two treatments were applied from fruit set to maturity: (1) ambient CO2 (400 ppm) and temperature (T) (ACAT) and (2) elevated CO2 (700 ppm) and temperature (T + 4 °C) (ECET). (3) Results: Results showed that some of the old genotypes tested remained quite stable during the climate change conditions in terms of fruit quality (mainly, total soluble solids and phenolic content) and of must antioxidant properties. (4) Conclusion: This research underlines the usefulness of exploiting local grapevine diversity to cope with climate change successfully, although further studies under field conditions and with whole plants are needed before extrapolating the results to the vineyard.

scholarly journals Effect of shoot topping intensity on 'Cabernet Franc' grapevine maturity in high-altitude region

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 946-950
Author(s):  
Douglas André Würz ◽  
José Luiz Marcon Filho ◽  
Alberto Fontanella Brighenti ◽  
Ricardo Allebrandt ◽  
Betina Pereira de Bem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Cabernet Franc ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Vegetative Canopy ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition of 'Cabernet Franc' grape subjected to different levels of shoot topping. The experiment was conducted in the 2008 and 2009 vintages, and the levels of shoot topping consisted of: control, without topping; and reductions of 15, 30, and 45% in total leaf area. The effect of shoot topping intensity on the chemical composition of the 'Cabernet Franc' grape berries was observed. A reduction of 26% in the vegetative canopy through a moderate shoot topping increased the total polyphenol index and the anthocyanin content. Shoot topping is a practice that must be carried out with caution, since severe shoot topping, i.e., a reduction greater than 26% of the leaf area, may negatively impact grape quality by reducing the content of soluble solids and decreasing the total polyphenol index and the content of anthocyanins of 'Cabernet Franc' grape berries.

scholarly journals Increased Organic Fertilizer and Reduced Chemical Fertilizer Increased Fungal Diversity and the Abundance of Beneficial Fungi on the Grape Berry Surface in Arid Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnan Wu ◽  
Zhiqiang Li ◽  
Fengyun Zhao ◽  
Benzhou Zhao ◽  
Fesobi Olumide Phillip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Beneficial Fungi

Fertilizer practices can significantly impact the fruit quality and microbial diversity of the orchards. The fungi on the surface of fruits are essential for fruit storability and safety. However, it is not clear whether fertilization affects the fungal diversity and community structure on the surface of grape berries. Here, grape quality and the fungal diversity on the surface of grapes harvested from three fertilizer treatments were analyzed shortly after grape picking (T0) and following 8 days of storage (T1). The study involved three treatments: (1) common chemical fertilizer for 2 years (CH); (2) increased organic fertilizer and reduced chemical fertilizer for 1 year (A.O); and (3) increased organic fertilizer and reduced chemical fertilizer for 2 years (B.O). The application of increased organic fertilizer and reduced chemical fertilizer increased the soluble solids content (SSC) of the grape berries and decreased the pH of the grape juice. A total of 827,947 high-quality fungal sequences were recovered and assigned to 527 operational taxonomic units. Members of the Ascomycota phylum were dominant in all samples and accounted for 94.41% of the total number of detected sequences, followed by the Basidiomycota (5.05%), and unidentified fungi (0.54%). Alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed significantly different fungal populations in the three fertilizer treatments over the two time periods. The fungal diversity and richness on the grape berry surface in the B.O and A.O treatments were higher than those in the CH treatment. Among the detected fungi, the B.O treatments were mainly Pichia, Aureobasidium, and Candida genera, while the CH treatments were Botrytis, Aspergillus, and Penicillium. Moreover, significant differences were revealed between the two assessment times (T0 and T1). The samples from the T0 timepoint had higher fungal richness and diversity than the samples from T1 timepoint. Increasing organic fertilizer usage in grape management could improve grape quality and went on to increase the fungal diversity, as well as the relative abundance (RA) of beneficial fungi on grape berry surfaces. The correlation analysis suggested that the pH of the grape juice was significantly negatively correlated with fungal diversity parameters.

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