scholarly journals Measurements and Analysis of the Physical Properties of Cereal Seeds Depending on Their Moisture Content to Improve the Accuracy of DEM Simulation

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Łukasz Gierz ◽  
Ewelina Kolankowska ◽  
Piotr Markowski ◽  
Krzysztof Koszela

This article presents the results of research on the influence of moisture on changes in the physical properties, i.e., the length, width, thickness, and weight, of dressed and untreated cereal seeds in order to improve the simulation process based on the discrete element method (DEM). The research was conducted on the seeds of three winter cereals, i.e., triticale, rye, and barley. The seeds with an initial moisture content of about 7% were moistened to five levels, ranging from 9.5% to 17.5%, at an increment of 2%. The statistical analysis showed that moisture significantly influenced the physical properties of the seeds, i.e., their length, width, thickness, and weight. As the moisture content of the seeds increased, there were greater differences in their weight. The average increase in the thousand kernel weight resulting from the increase in their moisture content ranged from 4 to 6 mg. The change in the seed moisture content from 9.5% to 17.5% significantly increased the volume of rye seeds from 3.10% to 14.99%, the volume of triticale seeds from 1.00% to 13.40%, and the volume of barley seeds from 1.00% to 15.33%. These data can be used as a parameter to improve the DEM simulation process.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Gierz ◽  
Ewelina Kolankowska ◽  
Piotr Markowski

Abstract This article presents the results of research on the influence of moisture on changes in selected physical properties, i.e. the length, width, thickness and weight of dressed and untreated cereal seeds in order to improve the simulation process based on the discrete element method (DEM). The research was conducted on the seeds of three winter cereals, i.e. triticale, rye, and barley. The seeds with an initial moisture content of about 7% were moistened to 5 levels, ranging from 9.5% to 17.5%, at an increment of 2%. The statistical analysis showed that moisture significantly influenced the physical properties of the seeds , i.e. their length, width, thickness, and weight. As the moisture content of the seeds increased, there were greater differences in their weight. The average increase in the thousand kernel weight resulting from the increase in their moisture content ranged from 4 to 6 mg. The change in the seed moisture content from 9.5% to 17.5% significantly increased the volume of rye seeds from 3.10% to 14.99%, the volume of triticale seeds from 1.00% to 13.40%, and the volume of barley seeds from 1.00% to 15.33%. These data can be used as a parameter to improve the DEM simulation process.


2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Ari Wahyuni ◽  
M. R. Suhartanto ◽  
Abdul Qadir

<p>Soybean seed viability declines during seed storage. Soybean seed deteriorates rapidly, affected by its high protein content and often high humidity in the tropical environment. This research was aimed to develop dynamic model of soybean seed viability in an open storage. The study was conducted in three stages, namely: 1) desk study, 2) seed storage experiment, 3) development of seed storage model, simulation and verification of the model. The second stage of the experiment consisted of soybean seed storing and germination testing using completely randomized design. Treatments were three initial moisture content (7-8%, 9-10% and 11-12%) and four varieties of soybean (Anjasmoro, Wilis, Detam-1 and Detam-2). The results showed that the seed behaviour during storage period were affected by initial seed moisture content, initial viability, varieties and environmental condition. Therefore, seed moisture content, initial viability and varieties may be used as input model. Moisture content, integreting seed respiration, electric conductivity and seed storability vigor (VDSDB) were as model output. Simulation of Seed Storability Vigor Prediction Model with Model Construction Layer-Stella (MCLS) using relative humidity (RH), temperature, seed permeability, initial moisture content and initial viability as input model could logically predict the seed moisture content and seed storability vigor (VDSDB).</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-271
Author(s):  
S. Gürsoy

Abstract: The physical properties and the hardness of lentil seeds, which can also be affected by harvest times, are very important variables in the designing and adjustment of machineries used during harvest, handling and other processes. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of different harvest times on some physical and mechanical properties of lentil seeds. A field experiment was conducted at six harvest times including the harvesting at physiological maturity (H1) and 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days after physiological maturity (H2, H3, H4, H5 and H6, respectively). The variables determined were moisture content, diameter, thickness, sphericity, seed mass, bulk density, true density, porosity and hardness of lentil seeds. It was found that seed moisture content, seed dimensions, seed mass and bulk density decreased with delayed harvest time. However, sphericity, true density, porosity and hardness of lentil seeds increased with increased harvest time.


2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogumiła Badek ◽  
Zdzisława Romanowska-Duda ◽  
Mieczysław Grzesik ◽  
Bert van Duijn

AbstractThe correlation between the sowing value of primed China aster seeds represented by germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), germination uniformity expressed as the time between 25% and 75% of germinated seeds (T75-25) and some selected physiological characteristics - total activity of dehydrogenases (TAD), activity of catalase (AC), activity of cell cycle (ACC) and electrolyte leakage (EL) has been analysed in order to find useful markers of biological quality of seeds. To achieve this objective, analyses of effects of three methods of water supply to seeds viz. - hydroconditioning by soaking in excessive amount of water (M1), hydroconditioning by soaking in limited amount of water (M2) or hydroconditioning by contact with solid carrier of water - matriconditioning (M3), three levels (30.0, 35.0 and 40.0%) of seed moisture content (m.c.) and three incubation periods (1, 8 and 10 days) during priming and hence their influence on germination properties (GP, MGT, T75-25) in comparison with TAD, AC, ACC and EL were determined. The results showed that MGT and T75-25 were correlated with TAD, AC, ACC and EL, irrespective of their priming method and sowing value. Therefore, all the investigated physiological/biochemical parameters of seed quality can be used as markers of germinability and sowing value reached by primed China aster seeds. The results also proved that, irrespective of the water supply method applied, hydration of seeds up to 37.5% m.c., and their incubation at 20 °C for 8 days, followed by drying to their initial moisture content, increased to the greatest extent the speed and uniformity of seed germination and their physiological activity.


1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Smith ◽  
T. H. Sanders ◽  
K. L. Crippen

Abstract Farmers stock peanuts from the same field dried to either 8 or 10% seed moisture content were stored for 6 months (October through March) in mechanically and naturally ventilated miniature metal warehouses. The initial temperatures for the 8% moisture content peanuts were 2–3 C higher than those for the 10% moisture content peanuts. This differential was maintained until early February. Relative humidities, 10 percentage points higher in the 10% initial moisture content peanuts began to equilibrate in December and were similar by late January. Final moisture content of the peanuts from the two mechanically ventilated warehouses was about 7% compared to 7.5% in the two naturally ventilated warehouses. Only small changes in total carbonyls and free fatty acids occurred during storage in the warehouses and sensory evaluation after storage indicated no significant differences among treatments within the medium and No. 1 sizes. No aflatoxin was detected in any seed size category before or after storage. Results indicated that quality of farmers stock peanuts, initial moisture content at 10% or less, can be maintained when stored in a properly constructed and operated mechanically or naturally ventilated warehouse.


2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O. Nelson ◽  
S. Trabelsi ◽  
A.W. Kraszewski

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pippa J. Michael ◽  
Kathryn J. Steadman ◽  
Julie A. Plummer

Seed development was examined in Malva parviflora. The first flower opened 51 days after germination; flowers were tagged on the day that they opened and monitored for 33 days. Seeds were collected at 12 stages during this period and used to determine moisture content, germination of fresh seeds and desiccation tolerance (seeds dried to 10% moisture content followed by germination testing). Seed moisture content decreased as seeds developed, whereas fresh (max. 296 mg) and dry weight (max. 212 mg) increased to peak at 12–15 and ~21 days after flowering (DAF), respectively. Therefore, physiological maturity occurred at 21 DAF, when seed moisture content was 16–21%. Seeds were capable of germinating early in development, reaching a maximum of 63% at 9 DAF, but germination declined as development continued, presumably due to the imposition of physiological dormancy. Physical dormancy developed at or after physiological maturity, once seed moisture content declined below 20%. Seeds were able to tolerate desiccation from 18 DAF; desiccation hastened development of physical dormancy and improved germination. These results provide important information regarding M. parviflora seed development, which will ultimately improve weed control techniques aimed at preventing seed set and further additions to the seed bank.


1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Siddique ◽  
G Somerset ◽  
PB Goodwin

Trials on the cultivars Canyon and Gallatin 50 in 1978 and Cascade in 1979 were run in North Queensland to examine ways of improving seed quality of snap beans. The trials concentrated on the maturation period, since this is a critical period for the development of seed quality. We found that seed quality was poor when the crop was cut at the stage when the leaves had fallen and all the pods were dry, or if the plants were cut at any stage and allowed to dry on the ground in single rows. This poor seed quality was associated with high pod temperatures during seed maturation. Cutting the crop before leaf fall, at a seed moisture content close to 50% (20-40% of pods dry) and windrowing immediately in 5 or 10 rows to 1 windrow gave low pod temperatures during seed maturation and high seed quality. Seed harvested and threshed directly off the crop was of good quality provided the seed moisture content in the crop had fallen to less than 25%.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-205
Author(s):  
Arum Sekar Wulandari ◽  
Afrida Rizka Farzana

The presence of Pericopsis mooniana (Thw.) Thw. in nature is endangered. Meanwhile, Pericopsis mooniana plants have its obstacles in generative propagation because the seeds have mechanical dormancy. Studies carried out to: (1) observe the morphology of pods, seeds and sprouts of Pericopsis mooniana; (2) determine the physical quality of Pericopsis mooniana seeds, and (3) analyze the proper dormancy breaking treatment for Pericopsis mooniana seeds. Research is conducted in laboratories and in greenhouses. The physical quality of the seeds measured was the weight of 1,000 seeds and the moisture content. The treatment for breaking the dormancy of the Pericopsis mooniana seeds were control, scarification of the seeds using nail clippers and soaking in hot to cold water for 48 hours. Morphologically, the fruit of Pericopsis mooniana is pod-shaped, with orange seeds, oval-shaped and curved edges. Pericopsis mooniana sprouts include in the epigeal type. In 1 kg of weight there are ± 4,000 Pericopsis mooniana seeds, with the post harvest seed moisture content amounting to 7.62%. The dormancy breaking treatment of Pericopsis mooniana seeds increased seeds germination by 60% compared to controls. The scarification of Pericopsis mooniana seeds using nail clippers for breaking mechanical dormancy is the best treatment because it can increase the number of seeds germinating in a short time and simultaneously. Key words: breaking seed dormancy, morphology, Pericopsis mooniana, physical quality, seed scarificatio


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