Numerical and Parametric Analysis for Enhancing Performances of Water Photovoltaic/Thermal System

Photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems are innovative cogeneration systems that ensure the cooling of photovoltaic (PV) backside and simultaneous production of electricity and heat. However, an effective cooling of the PV back is still a challenge that affects electrical and thermal performance of the PV/T system. In the present work, a PV/T numerical model is developed to simulate the heat flux based on energy balance implemented in MATLAB software. The numerical model is validated through the comparison of the three-layer PV model with the NOCT model and tested under the operation conditions of continental temperate climate. Moreover, the effect of velocity and water film thickness as important flow parameters on heat exchange and PV/T production is numerically investigated. Results revealed that the PV model is in good agreement with the NOCT one. An efficient heat transfer is obtained while increasing the velocity and water film thickness with optimal values of 0.035 m/s and 7 mm, respectively, at an inlet temperature of 20 °C. The PV/T system ensures a maximum thermal power of 1334.5 W and electrical power of 316.56 W (258.8 W for the PV). Finally, the comparison between the PV and PV/T system under real weather conditions showed the advantage of using the PV/T.

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The Effect of Temperature and Water Film Thickness on the Linear Instability of an Ice Surface

10.2514/6.2013-3056 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alric P. Rothmayer ◽

Hui Hu

Keyword(s):

Film Thickness ◽

Water Film ◽

Linear Instability ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Water Film Thickness ◽

Ice Surface

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Influence of Ground Slag on the Rheology of Mortar

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.67 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 438-439 ◽

pp. 67-71

Author(s):

Qian Qian Zhang ◽

Jian Zhong Liu ◽

Jia Ping Liu

Keyword(s):

Film Thickness ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Yield Stress ◽

Surface Area ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Water Film ◽

Plastic Viscosity ◽

Rheological Parameters ◽

Water Film Thickness ◽

Binder Ratio

The effects of ground slag with different specific surface area on the rheology of mortar at water-binder ratio of 0.25, 0.28 and 0.30 were investigated, and the combined effects of packing density and solid surface area on the rheology of mortar were evaluated in terms of the water film thickness. The results show that with the increasing of specific surface area of slag (220 m2/kg-784 m2/kg), plastic viscosity and yield stress decrease. The correlations of yield stress and plastic viscosity to the water film thickness are basically linear with high correlation R2 values. The action of the ground slag on the rheology of mortar can be characterized by water film thickness, and with the increasing of water film thickness the rheological parameters decrease.

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Capacitance Method of Measuring Water Film Thickness

Journal of the Hydraulics Division ◽

10.1061/jyceaj.0000489 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 86 (6) ◽

pp. 29-35

Author(s):

R. H. Black

Keyword(s):

Film Thickness ◽

Water Film ◽

Water Film Thickness ◽

Capacitance Method

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Measuring Water Film Thickness in a Wet Gas Compressor Diffuser: Design, Calibration, and Testing of Electromagnetic Probes

Volume 6: Ceramics; Controls, Diagnostics and Instrumentation; Education; Manufacturing Materials and Metallurgy ◽

10.1115/gt2017-63671 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Craig Nolen ◽

Melissa Poerner

Keyword(s):

Film Thickness ◽

Water Level ◽

Water Film ◽

Probe Design ◽

Two Phase ◽

Water Film Thickness ◽

Wet Gas ◽

Flow Phenomena ◽

In Series ◽

Electromagnetic Probes

The distribution of water in the diffuser of a wet gas compressor is not well understood. Measurements of water film thickness across the diffuser surface would improve the understanding of two-phase flow phenomena in wet gas compressors. Electromagnetic probes were designed in order to measure water film thickness in the diffuser of a SwRI-designed wet gas compressor. The probes consisted of two electrode foils plated on a thin insulating substrate, allowing them to be bonded in place without drilling through the diffuser. An AC signal was passed between the electrodes, and the voltage across a resistor in series with the electrodes was recorded. As the water level covering the electrodes increased, the recorded voltage increased. A method of calibrating the probes was developed and used prior to installation in the diffuser. Testing showed the probes to be effective at detecting the presence of water in the diffuser and indicating the general water level. Improvements in probe design, calibration, and installation are needed to provide more precise water film thickness data.

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