Association between Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Levels, Diet, and Body Mass Index in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Disturbances in the production of bacterial metabolites in the intestine have been reported in diseases associated with dysbiosis, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) that include two conditions: Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main dietary-fiber-derived bacterial metabolites associated with the course of intestinal inflammation. In this study, we assessed the relationship between body mass index (BMI), the type of diet used, and changes in fecal SCFA levels in patients with IBD. We performed nutritional assessments using a nutritional questionnaire and determined fecal SCFA levels in 43 patients with UC, 18 patients with CD, and 16 controls. Our results revealed that subjects with a BMI > 24.99 kg/m2 had higher levels of isobutyric acid, whereas those with a BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 had lower level of butyric, isovaleric, and propionic acids. Furthermore, we observed higher levels of valeric acid in controls than in IBD patients. We did not reveal a relationship between a specific SCFA and the type of diet, but eating habits appear to be related to the observed changes in the SCFA profile depending on BMI. In conclusion, we demonstrated that BMI is associated with SCFA levels in patients with IBD.

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An Overview on Fecal Branched Short-Chain Fatty Acids Along Human Life and as Related With Body Mass Index: Associated Dietary and Anthropometric Factors

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2020.00973 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David Rios-Covian ◽

Sonia González ◽

Alicja M. Nogacka ◽

Silvia Arboleya ◽

Nuria Salazar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Body Mass ◽

Human Life ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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Role of Gut Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Modulating Energy Harvest and Fat Partitioning in Youth

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2016-1797 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 101 (11) ◽

pp. 4367-4376 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Martina Goffredo ◽

Kendra Mass ◽

Elizabeth J. Parks ◽

David A. Wagner ◽

Emily Ann McClure ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Gut Flora ◽

Obese Youth ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

Objective: We aimed at determining the relationship of the gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids with obesity and fat partitioning and at testing potential differences in the ability of gut microbiota to ferment equal amounts of carbohydrates (CHO) between lean and obese youth. Research Design and Methods: We analyzed the gut microbiota of 84 youth in whom body fat distribution was measured by fast-magnetic resonance imaging, de novo lipogenesis (DNL) quantitated using deuterated water, and the capability of gut flora to ferment CHO was assessed by 13C-fructose treatment in vitro. Results: A significant association was found between the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, and the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria with body mass index, visceral and SC fat (all P < .05). Plasma acetate, propionate, and butyrate were associated with body mass index and visceral and SC fat (all P < .05) and with hepatic DNL (P = .01, P = .09, P = .04, respectively). Moreover, the rate of CHO fermentation from the gut flora was higher in obese than in lean subjects (P = .018). Conclusions: These data demonstrate that obese youth show a different gut flora composition than lean and that short chain fatty acids are associated with body fat partitioning and DNL. Also, the gut microbiota of obese youth have a higher capability than the gut flora of lean to oxidize CHO.

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Corrigendum: Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs)-Mediated Gut Epithelial and Immune Regulation and Its Relevance for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2019.01486 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Daniela Parada Venegas ◽

Marjorie K. De la Fuente ◽

Glauben Landskron ◽

María Julieta González ◽

Rodrigo Quera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Immune Regulation ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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P315 Short-chain fatty acid profile in inflammatory bowel disease

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis ◽

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.444 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S311-S312

Author(s):

L Oliveira ◽

L Yukie Sassaki ◽

A Elisa Valencise Quagli ◽

J Ribeiro de Barros

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Nutrient Deficiency ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Bacterial Degradation ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

And Control ◽

Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

Abstract Background Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are products of colonic bacterial degradation of dietary fibre. They are important in the colon, affecting the morphology and function of colonocytes. SCFAs consist of a molecule with one to six carbons, of which acetate, propionate and butyrate are the most abundant. In recent decades, it has become apparent that SCFAs can play a key role in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome, intestinal disorders and certain cancers. Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are characterised by recurrent chronic intestinal inflammation, probably due to an inadequate immune response coupled with intestinal microbiota imbalance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of SCFA in patients with UC and CD, and compared with non-ill individuals. Methods The individuals were divided into three groups: RCU, CD and control, the faeces were donated by them, and the SCFAs were measured by chromatographic analysis using a Thermo Scientific GC-MS coupled to a Thermo ISQ 230ST mass detector. All results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Results It was possible to observe a different SCFAs profile between individuals with CD and UC and control where acetate and propionate levels in patients with UC and CD were higher than in non-sick individuals and butyrate with lower levels in individuals with CD and RCU (Graph 1). SCFAs have anti-inflammatory capabilities and also a preferred energy source for colon epithelial cells, as well as lowering the pH of the colon and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic organisms. Dysbiosis decreases butyrate concentrations, which may result in nutrient deficiency at the epithelial level, altering immune responses, as well as acting directly as an anti-inflammatory agent by disabling the NFκB pathway, with a consequent decrease in inflammatory cytokine synthesis. Conclusion Thus, the reported results have implications for various physiological and pathological conditions in inflammatory bowel diseases, especially with respect to butyrate and the production of inflammatory mediators, and partly explain the beneficial effects attributed to this fatty acid in the treatment of inflammatory and inflammatory diseases support the realisation of new studies aimed at the development of therapeutic alternatives to the use of conventional anti-inflammatory drugs.

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In search for interplay between stool microRNAs, microbiota and short chain fatty acids in Crohn’s disease - a preliminary study

BMC Gastroenterology ◽

10.1186/s12876-020-01444-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Filip Ambrozkiewicz ◽

Jakub Karczmarski ◽

Maria Kulecka ◽

Agnieszka Paziewska ◽

Magdalena Niemira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Large Scale ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Short Chain ◽

Inactive Disease ◽

Targeted Analysis ◽

Α Diversity ◽

Bowel Diseases

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel diseases are classic polygenic disorders, with genetic loads that reflect immunopathological processes in response to the intestinal microbiota. Herein we performed the multiomics analysis by combining the large scale surveys of gut bacterial community, stool microRNA (miRNA) and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) signatures to correlate their association with the activity of Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods DNA, miRNA, and metabolites were extracted from stool samples of 15 CD patients, eight with active disease and seven in remission, and nine healthy individuals. Microbial, miRNA and SCFA profiles were assessed using datasets from 16S rRNA sequencing, Nanostring miRNA and GC-MS targeted analysis, respectively. Results Pairwise comparisons showed that 9 and 23 taxa differed between controls and CD patients with active and inactive disease, respectively. Six taxa were common to both comparisons, whereas four taxa differed in CD patients. α-Diversity was lower in both CD groups than in controls. The levels of 13 miRNAs differed (p-value < 0.05; FC > 1.5) in CD patients and controls before FDR correction and 4 after. Of six SCFAs, the levels of two differed significantly (p-value < 0.05, FC > 1.5) in CD patients and controls, and the levels of four differed in patients with active and inactive CD. PLS-DA revealed models with smallest error rate for controls in bacterial component and inactive disease in metabolites. Conclusion A complex interrelationship may exist between gut dysbiosis, miRNA profiling and SCFA level in response to intestinal inflammation.

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