Novel Insight into the Mechanisms of the Bidirectional Relationship between Diabetes and Periodontitis

Periodontitis and diabetes are two major global health problems despite their prevalence being significantly underreported and underestimated. Both epidemiological and intervention studies show a bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes. The hypothesis of a potential causal link between the two diseases is corroborated by recent studies in experimental animals that identified mechanisms whereby periodontitis and diabetes can adversely affect each other. Herein, we will review clinical data on the existence of a two-way relationship between periodontitis and diabetes and discuss possible mechanistic interactions in both directions, focusing in particular on new data highlighting the importance of the host response. Moreover, we will address the hypothesis that trained immunity may represent the unifying mechanism explaining the intertwined association between diabetes and periodontitis. Achieving a better mechanistic insight on clustering of infectious, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases may provide new therapeutic options to reduce the risk of diabetes and diabetes-associated comorbidities.

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Integrative Metabolomics to Identify Molecular Signatures of Responses to Vaccines and Infections

10.20944/preprints202009.0004.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joann Diray-Arce ◽

Maria-Giulia Conti ◽

Boryana Petrova ◽

Naama Kanarek ◽

Asimenia Angelidou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Host Response ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

High Dimensional ◽

Molecular Signatures ◽

Biochemical Pathway ◽

Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽

Health And Disease ◽

Fresh Insight ◽

Insight Into

Approaches to identification of metabolites have progressed from early biochemical pathway evaluation to modern high dimensional metabolomics which is a powerful tool to identify and characterize biomarkers of health and disease. While traditionally considered relevant in the context of classic metabolic diseases, immunometabolism has emerged as an important area of study as leukocytes generate key metabolites important to innate and adaptive immunity. Herein we discuss the metabolomic signatures and pathways perturbed during infection as well as vaccination. For example, changes in lipid and amino acid pathways (e.g., tryptophan, serine, and threonine) have been noted during infection while carbohydrate and bile acid pathways have shift upon vaccination. Metabolomics holds substantial promise to provide fresh insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying host response to infection and vaccination, and its integration with other systems biology platforms will add further impact to our studies of health and disease.

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NAD+ supplementation normalises central carbon metabolism in skeletal muscle: a mechanistic insight into the energetic consequences of age-related NAD+ decline

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.44.p187 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Lucy Oldacre-Bartley ◽

Rachel Fletcher ◽

Kate Hollinshead ◽

Yasir Elhassan ◽

Craig Doig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Carbon Metabolism ◽

Central Carbon Metabolism ◽

Mechanistic Insight ◽

Age Related ◽

Central Carbon ◽

Insight Into

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Mechanistic insight into site-restricted monoubiquitination of FANCD2 by Ube2t, FANCL, and FANCI.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1159393.619748 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Rape

Keyword(s):

Mechanistic Insight ◽

Insight Into

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Mitochondrial GLUT10 facilitates dehydroascorbic acid import and protects cells against oxidative stress: mechanistic insight into arterial tortuosity syndrome.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.4361967.4187068 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Richard J Naftalin

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽

Arterial Tortuosity ◽

Mechanistic Insight ◽

Arterial Tortuosity Syndrome ◽

Insight Into

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Upcoming Drifts In Bio-Similars

Current Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1574884715666200507131943 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Geeta Aggarwal ◽

Manju Nagpal ◽

Ameya Sharma ◽

Vivek Puri ◽

Gitika Arora Dhingra

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Market Competition ◽

Current Status ◽

Medicinal Products ◽

The Past ◽

Biologic Activity ◽

Emerging Trends ◽

Regulatory Guidelines ◽

Food Drug Administration ◽

Insight Into

Background: Biopharmaceuticals such as Biologic medicinal products have been in clinical use over the past three decades and have benefited towards the therapy of degenerative and critical metabolic diseases. It is forecasted that market of biologics will be going to increase at a rate of 20% per year, and by 2025, more than ˃ 50% of new drug approvals may be biological products. The increasing utilization of the biologics necessitates for cost control, especially for innovators products that have enjoyed a lengthy period of exclusive use. As the first wave of biopharmaceuticals is expired or set to expire, it has led to various opportunities for the expansion of bio-similars i.e. copied versions of original biologics with same biologic activity. Development of biosimilars is expected to promote market competition, meet worldwide demand, sustain the healthcare systems and maintain the incentives for innovation. Methods: Appraisal of published articles from peer reviewed journals, PubMed literature, latest news and guidelines from European Medicine Agency, US Food Drug Administration (FDA) and India are used to identify data for review. Results: Main insight into the quality requirements concerning biologics, current status of regulation of biosimilars and upcoming challenges lying ahead for the upgrading of marketing authorization of bio-similars has been incorporated. Compiled literature on therapeutic status, regulatory guidelines and the emerging trends and opportunities of biosimilars has been thoroughly stated. Conclusion: Updates on biosimilars will support to investigate the possible impact of bio-similars on healthcare market.

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