scholarly journals The Differential Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep Quality, Insomnia, Depression, Stress, and Anxiety among Late Adolescents and Elderly in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1336
Author(s):  
Giulia Amicucci ◽  
Federico Salfi ◽  
Aurora D’Atri ◽  
Lorenzo Viselli ◽  
Michele Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality

The restraining measures due to the COVID-19 outbreak deeply affected the general population’s sleep health and psychological status. The current literature proposes young and older people as two particularly at-risk groups. However, the differential impact of the lockdown period in these specific age categories needs to be disentangled. Through a web-based survey adopting validated questionnaires, we evaluated and compared sleep quality/habits, insomnia, perceived stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms of Italian late adolescents (n = 670; mean age ± SD, 19.38 ± 0.74, 18–20 years) and elderly (n = 253; 68.18 ± 2.79, 65–75 years). Young respondents reported more severe insomnia symptoms, worse subjective sleep quality, longer sleep latency, higher daytime dysfunction, and a more prevalent disruption of sleep habits (bedtime, get-up time, nap) than the elderly. On the other hand, older participants showed shorter sleep duration, lower habitual sleep efficiency, and greater use of sleep medications. Finally, the younger population displayed higher levels of depression and perceived stress. Our findings indicate that the lockdown period had more pervasive repercussions on sleep and the mental health of late adolescents. The implementation of supportive strategies is encouraged for this vulnerable population group.

scholarly journals 192 Self-reported sleep features in the Italian population across the first and second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A77-A78
Author(s):  
Oreste De Rosa ◽  
Nicola Cellini ◽  
Francesca Conte ◽  
Serena Malloggi ◽  
Fiorenza Giganti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Introduction Several studies have shown the negative impact of COVID-19-related confinement measures (spring 2020) on sleep features and quality. Here we aim to follow-up on these data by assessing self-reported sleep characteristics during the second wave of the pandemic (autumn 2020) in Italy, where the government responded with a second, partial, lockdown. Methods Using a longitudinal approach, 214 participants (Mage=36.78±14.2y; 159F) who had participated in a previous survey (April 2020 – Total Lockdown, TL) completed the same online survey from November 10th to December 1st (Partial Lockdown, PL). In each survey, participants had to respond to a set of questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), referring to their current situation and, retrospectively, to their situation before the lockdown, resulting in four time-points (pre-TL, TL, pre-PL, PL). Results Linear mixed-model analysis showed that bedtime was delayed from pre-TL (23:46) to TL (24:42) and then linearly advanced in pre-PL (24:02) and PL (23:56). The same pattern emerged for rise time (pre-TL: 07:48, TL: 9:05, pre-PL: 8:28, PL: 7:58) and time in bed, which increased from pre-TL (8h4min) to TL (8h24min) and then linearly decreased (pre-PL: 8h15m, PL: 8h2m). Subjective sleep quality decreased in the two lockdowns compared to the period with no restrictions. The proportion of poor sleepers (PSQI>5) increased from 39.7% (pre-TL) to 48.6% in TL and again from 36.9% (pre-PL) to 47.7% in PL. Conclusion Sleep habits and quality showed different profiles across four time-points of the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictive measures. Sleep timing alterations appeared during the first lockdown, recovered after the confinement period, and almost returned to baseline during the second lockdown (likely due to a normalization of working schedules). Instead, subjective sleep quality markedly worsened during both lockdowns relative to the preceding respective months. These data suggest that subjective sleep quality is particularly sensitive to changes in life habits and psychological factors, independently of sleep habits. Considering that the pandemic situation may continue for several months, there is a need for interventions targeting sleep quality. Support (if any) N/A

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Bad Sleep Perception among Italian Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9363
Author(s):  
Serena Malloggi ◽  
Francesca Conte ◽  
Giorgio Gronchi ◽  
Gianluca Ficca ◽  
Fiorenza Giganti
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Quality Perception ◽  
Subjective Sleep

Although sleep problems at young ages are well investigated, the prevalence of bad sleepers and the determinants of sleep quality perception remain unexplored in these populations. For this purpose, we addressed these issues in a sample of children (n = 307), preadolescents (n = 717), and adolescents (n = 406) who completed the School Sleep Habits Survey, addressing sleep quality perception, sleep habits, sleep features, daytime behavior and sleep disturbances, circadian preference, and dreaming. The sample was split in “good sleepers” and “bad sleepers”, based on the answer to the question item assessing overall subjective sleep quality. Being a bad sleeper was reported by 11.7% of the sample, with significant between-groups differences (children: 8.3%; preadolescents: 11.3%; adolescents: 15.3%; p = 0.01). At all ages, relative to good sleepers, bad sleepers showed higher eveningness, sleepiness, and depression, longer sleep latency, more frequent insufficient sleep, nocturnal awakenings, sleep–wake behavioral problems, and unpleasant dreams (all p’s ≤ 0.01). Sleep quality perception was predicted: in children, by depressed mood, eveningness, and unpleasant dreams (all p’s ≤ 0.01); in preadolescents, by sleep latency, awakening frequency, depressed mood, sufficiency of sleep, and unpleasant dreams (all p’s < 0.01); in adolescents, by awakening frequency, depressed mood, and sufficiency of sleep (all p’s < 0.001). In children, bad subjective sleep quality appears to be mainly determined by daytime psychological features, for example, depressed mood, whereas at later ages, sleep characteristics, such as frequent awakenings, add to the former determinants. This could depend on (a) the appearance, with increasing age, of objective sleep modifications and (b) a greater attention paid by adolescents to their sleep characteristics.

Sleep Quality and Cognitive Function in the Elderly Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Valiollah Mousavi ◽  
Elham Montazar ◽  
Sajjad Rezaei ◽  
Shima Poorabolghasem Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep

Background and Objective: Physiological process of sleep is considered as one of the influential factors of human’s health and mental functions, especially in the elderly. This research aimed at studying the association between sleep quality and the cognitive functions in the elderly population. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 elderly people (65 years and older) who were the members of retirees associa-tion in Mashhad, Iran, participated in this cross-sectional study. The participants were asked to answer the questionnaire of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Correlation between the total scores of PSQI and MoCA was evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient. In order to predict the cognitive func-tion based on different aspects of PSQI, multiple regression analysis by hierarchical method was used after removing confounding variables. Results: A significant association was found between PSQI and MoCA (P < 0.001, r = -0.55) suggesting that the com-ponents of use of sleeping medication (P < 0.001, r = -0.47), sleep disorders (P < 0.001, r = -0.37), sleep latency (P < 0.001, r = -0.34), subjective sleep quality (P < 0.001, r = -0.32), sleep duration (P < 0.001, r = -0.27), sleep effi-ciency (P < 0.001, r = -0.26), and daytime dysfunction (P < 0.001, r = -0.15) had significant negative correlation with cognitive function, and the four components of subjective sleep quality (P = 0.010, β = -0.15), sleep latency (P = 0.040, β = -0.13), sleep disorders (P = 0.010, β = -0.26), and use of sleeping medication (P = 0.010, β = -0.26) played a role in prediction of cognitive function in regression analysis. Conclusion: Poor sleep quality, sleep latency, insomnia, sleep breathing disorder, and use of sleeping medication play a determining role in cognitive function of the elderly. Thus, taking care of the sleep health is necessary for the elderly.

scholarly journals Association between sleep hygiene and sleep quality in medical students

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Brick
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Hygiene ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Future Research Directions

The aim of the current study was to determine whether subjective sleep quality was reduced in medical students, and whether demographics and sleep hygiene behaviors were associated with sleep quality. A web-based survey was completed by 314 medical students, containing questions about demographics, sleep habits, exercise habits, caffeine, tobacco and alcohol use, and subjective sleep quality (using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). Correlation and regression analyses tested for associations among demographics, sleep hygiene behaviors, and sleep quality. As hypothesized, medical students’ sleep quality was significantly worse than a healthy adult normative sample (t=5.13, p&lt;.001). Poor sleep quality in medical students was predicted by several demographic and sleep hygiene variables, and future research directions are proposed.Brick, C., Seely, D. L., &amp; Palermo, T. M. (2010). Association between sleep hygiene and sleep quality in medical students. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 8(2), 113–121. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15402001003622925

scholarly journals Sleep Quality and Psychological Status in a Group of Italian Prisoners

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4224
Author(s):  
Giulia D’Aurizio ◽  
Angelica Caldarola ◽  
Marianna Ninniri ◽  
Marialucia Avvantaggiato ◽  
Giuseppe Curcio
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Medium Security ◽  
Insomnia Complaints

Prison could be considered a prolonged stressful situation that can trigger not only a dysregulation of sleep patterns but can also bring out psychiatric illness, such as anxiety and depression symptoms. Our study is aimed at exploring sleep quality and sleep habits in an Italian prison ward with three different security levels, and to attempt to clarify how anxiety state and the total time spent in prison can moderate insomnia complaints. There were 129 participants divided into three groups who enrolled in this study: 50 were in the medium-security prison ward (Group 1), 58 were in the high-security prison ward (Group 2) and 21 were in the medium-security following a protocol of detention with reduced custodial measures (Group 3). All participants filled in a set of questionnaires that included the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-2), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Based on their responses, we observed that all participants showed poor sleep quality and insomnia, mild to moderate depressive symptoms that tended to a higher severity in Groups 1 and 3, and the presence of clinically significant anxiety symptoms, mainly in Groups 1 and 3. Our study shows that increased anxiety state-level and the presence of mood alteration corresponds to an increase in both poor sleep quality and, more specifically, insomnia complaints. Finally, we propose that TiP (total time in prison) could have an interesting and stabilizing paradox-function on anxiety state and insomnia.

The Role of Environmental Context in Modulating Subjective Sleepiness and Sleep Quality in the Elderly: A Comparison Between Home-Dwelling Subjects and Nursing Home Residents

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Francesca Conte ◽  
Serena Malloggi ◽  
Benedetta Albinni ◽  
Mariangela Cerasuolo ◽  
Gianluca Ficca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Healthy Elderly

This study investigated the role of environmental context in modulating subjective sleep quality and sleepiness in healthy elderlies living at home or in a nursing home. Twenty-five home-dwelling subjects and 18 nursing home residents rated their sleepiness hourly from 8:30 a.m. to 10:30 p.m. for three nonconsecutive days. Sleep quality, lifestyle, and sleep habits were also evaluated. Compared with home-dwelling subjects, nursing home residents showed a more sedentary lifestyle, advanced bedtime and awakening time, and a relatively stable vigilance level during the waking period. No differences emerged for subjective sleep quality and global vigilance levels between the two groups. Life in a nursing home does not affect sleep quality and global vigilance in healthy elderly subjects, but contributes to flatten their vigilance daily fluctuations. Including nursing home residents in daily activities could be useful to improve their conscious feeling of alertness variations.

scholarly journals Trait Hostility, Perceived Stress, and Sleep Quality in a Sample of Normal Sleepers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas D. Taylor ◽  
Gary D. Fireman ◽  
Ross Levin
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Trait Hostility

Objective. To date, no studies have directly examined the effects of cognitive trait hostility on prospectively assessed sleep quality. This is important as individuals with heightened trait hostility demonstrate similar patterns of reactivity to perceived stressors as is often reported by poor sleepers. The present study hypothesized that increased trait hostility is associated with poorer subjective sleep quality and that perceived stress mediates this relationship.Methods. A sample of 66 normal sleepers completed daily sleep and stress logs for two weeks. Trait hostility was measured retrospectively.Results. The cognitive dimension of trait hostility was significantly correlated with subjectively rated sleep quality indicators, and these relationships were significantly mediated by perceived daily stress. Individuals with higher levels of trait cognitive hostility reported increased levels of perceived stress which accounted for their poorer sleep ratings as measured by both retrospective and prospective measures.Conclusions. Overall, the findings indicate that high levels of cognitive hostility are a significant risk factor for disturbed sleep and suggest that this might be a fruitful target for clinical intervention.

Evaluation of General Psychopathology, Subjective Sleep Quality, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Obesity

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayhan Algul ◽  
M. Alpay Ates ◽  
Umit Basar Semiz ◽  
Cengiz Basoglu ◽  
Servet Ebrinc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Class I Obesity ◽  
Related Quality

Objective: Recently, the increasing rate of obesity has been elucidated as a major public health problem. The aim of this study was to examine the psychological distress, subjective sleep quality, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a group of patients diagnosed with obesity. Methods: A total of 124 obese patients (32 of them Class I obesity (BMI: 30–34.9 kg/m2), 92 Class II obesity (BMI: ≥ 35kg/m2)) and 106 healthy control subjects were involved in the study. Subjects were evaluated with self-administered questionnaires including the Symptoms Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Short Form 36 (SF-36). Several clinical and socio-demographic data were also recorded. Results: Class II obesity group had a significantly worse psychological status, quality of life, and sleep quality than control group. Although Class I obesity group did not differ from Class II and control groups according to sleep quality and psychological status, they had worse HRQOL than the control group. BMI scores positively correlated with the majority of subscales of psychological distress (SCL-90-R) and sleep quality (PSQI, ESS) and negatively correlated with all dimensions of HRQOL (SF-36). Conclusions: Obesity is associated with psychological distress, poor sleep quality, and reduced quality of life. Thus, obesity should be evaluated in a biopsychosocial manner, including management of patients' psychopathology.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Perceived Stress, State-Trait Anxiety, and Sleep Quality Among University Graduates in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bailong Liu ◽  
Ke Qiao ◽  
Youfeng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The study aimed to investigate the relationship among perceived stress, state-trait anxiety, and sleep quality of graduates to provide a reference for improving their psychological status and attitude adjustment of job-searching during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted in a descriptive cross-sectional online survey between May 2020 and August 2020. The data were collected from 1,200 participants by using the personal information form prepared by the researchers in line with the literature, the Perceived Stress Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Among the surveyed participants, 47.67% were female, and 10.92% were medical students. The mean perceived stress, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and sleep quality were moderate and found as 31.4±6.69, 46.67±5.80, 49.45±5.54, and 5.94±2.47, respectively. The detection rates of state anxiety and trait anxiety were 48.63 and 49.50%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of state anxiety and trait anxiety among different genders and majors (p &gt;0.05). The detection rate of state anxiety and trait anxiety of rural family students was higher than that of urban family students (p &lt;0.01). The score on the PSQI was positively associated with the scores on the perceived stress, state anxiety, and trait anxiety scales (p &lt;0.001 for each model). Sleep quality was associated with increased perceived stress, state anxiety, and trait anxiety among graduates in China. Collectively, the study revealed the relationship between perceived stress, state-trait anxiety, and sleep quality among university graduates in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results offer novel practical implications for all circles of the society to ensure students’ health under the context of the COVID-19 epidemic.

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