scholarly journals Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome—A Narrative Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Yik Long Man ◽  
Giovanni Sanna
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Pregnancy Morbidity ◽  
Transient Ischaemic Attacks ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Manifestations ◽  
Underlying Pathogenesis

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a common autoimmune pro-thrombotic condition characterised by thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity. There are a broad range of neuropsychiatric manifestations associated with APS, from focal symptoms to more global dysfunction. Patients commonly present with transient ischaemic attacks and ischaemic strokes, with identifiable lesions on brain imaging. However, the underlying pathogenesis remains uncertain in other manifestations, such as cognitive dysfunction, seizures, headache and chorea. The aim is to provide a comprehensive review of the various neuropsychiatric manifestations associated with APS. A detailed literature search was applied to PubMed, including citations from 1983 to December 2021.

scholarly journals POS0712 “EXTRA”- CRITERIA ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS WITH ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME AND SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (PRELIMINARY DATA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 605.2-606
Author(s):  
F. Cheldieva ◽  
T. Reshetnyak ◽  
M. Cherkasova ◽  
N. Seredavkina ◽  
A. Lila
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Past History ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Pregnancy Morbidity

Background:The study of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), not included in the Sydney diagnostic criteria, in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is poorly understood.Objectives:To determine the frequency of detection of IgA-aCL and IgA-aβ2GP1 and IgG antibodies to β2GP1 domain 1 (IgG-aβ2GP1-D1) in patients with APS with and without SLE.Methods:ELISA and chemiluminescence assays (CMA) were used to test 63 sera of patients: 22 (35%) with primary APS (pAPS) and 41 (65%) patients with APS and with SLE (secondary APS (sAPS)), with mean age 38,0 [33,0 – 43,0] years and disease duration 4,0 [0,1 – 9,9]. Both methods were used to test of IgG/IgM-aCL and IgG/IgM-aβ2GP1. CMA was used for research IgG/IgM/IgA-aCL, IgG/IgM/IgA-aβ2GPI and IgG-aβ2GP1-D1. Of them 49 (78%) (18 – with pAPS; 31 – with sAPS) displayed major thrombotic events and 18 of 22 pregnant women had pregnancy morbidity in past history. Lupus anticoagulant (LA) positivity was in 9 out of 12 patients who had it determined. LA was not investigated due to anticoagulant therapy in the remaining 52 patients.Results:IgG/IgM-aCL and IgG/IgM-aß2GP1 were recorded in 44/18 and 50/17 patients by ELISA and in 55/19 and 59/16 by CMA, respectively.IgA-aCL positivity was found in 35 (56%) of 63 patients. Thirty IgA-positive patients were positive for IgG-aCL by ELISA: 22 – IgG-aCL – highly positive, 6 – medium positive and 2 – low positive patients. IgM-aCL by ELISA was detected in 13 (37%) of 35 IgA-aCL positive patients: 11 – highly positive, 1 – medium positive and 1 – low positive. IgA-aCL was combined with IgG-aCL in 34 patients and with IgM-aCL in 16 patients in the CMA. IgG-aß2GP1 in ELISA was detected in 32 patients with IgA-aCL (24 –highly positive, 5 – medium positive and 3 – low positive) and in 34 – in CMA. IgM-aß2GP1 was combined with IgA-aß2GP1 with the same frequency in both methods (in 13 patients).IgA-aß2GP1 was detected in 30 (48%) of 63 patients. They were combined with both IgG-aCL and IgG-aß2GP1 in all cases in both methods. IgM-aCL and IgM-aß2GP1 were detected in 14 and 11 of 30 patients with IgA-aß2GP1, respectively. The combination of IgA-aß2GP1 with IgG-aCL by ELISA was in 27 (in most cases highly positive – 20) and with IgM-aCL – in 10 (highly positive - 8). IgG-aß2GP1 was detected in 28 patients with IgA-aß2GP1 (high positive – 21) and in 11 patients with IgM-aß2GP1 (high positive –7).IgG-aß2GP1-D1 was revealed in 48 (76%) patients. It was combined with IgG-aCL – in 38, with IgM-aCL – in 15 patients by the ELISA. The combination of IgG-aß2GP1-D1 by CMA was as follows: with IgG-aCL – in 46, with IgM-aCL – in 17, and with IgA-aCL – in 33 patients. In most cases, IgG-aß2gp1-D1 was combined with highly positive aCL levels. IgG-aß2GP1-D1 positivity was associated with IgG-aß2GP1 positivity in 42 – by ELISA and 47 – by CMA, IgМ-aβ2GP1 – in 13 and 14 patients by ELISA and CMA, respectively, and IgA-aß2GP1 – in 29. Isolated IgG-aß2GP1-D1 positivity was not observed.Conclusion:The frequency of IgA-aCL detection was 56% (35 patients out of 63), IgA-aβ2GP1 – 48% (30 patients out of 63), IgG-aβ2GP1-D1 – 76% (48 patients out of 63). There was not isolated positivity of this “extra” criterial antibodies. The presence of IgA-aCL, IgA-aβ2GP1, IgG-aβ2GP1-D1 was associated with highly positivity of IgG/IgM-aCL and IgG/IgM- aβ2GP1.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Additional Treatments for High-Risk Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome: a Comprehensive Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Ruffatti ◽  
Ariela Hoxha ◽  
Maria Favaro ◽  
Marta Tonello ◽  
Anna Colpo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome

scholarly journals The Wingate Anaerobic Test, a Narrative Review of the Protocol Variables That Affect the Results Obtained

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7417
Author(s):  
Arkaitz Castañeda-Babarro
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Anaerobic Test

The Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAT) has been widely used since its creation in 1974. The WAT involves performing a 30 s “all-out” cycling test. The test is currently applied with some modifications, partly due to the evolution of the material used to perform it. The purpose of this text is to act as a guide for the correct use and application of the test, as well as to highlight the importance of controlling many of the variables that may influence its results. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PUBMED/MEDLINE and Web of Science with different combinations of keywords all related to the WAT to obtain a search of 113 papers. Results and discussion: It was observed that variables such as the duration of the test or the resistance used in the cycle ergometer must be adjusted according to the objective and the population evaluated, while others such as the warm-up or the supplementation of different substances can improve performance on the WAT. Conclusions: In order to apply the WAT correctly, variables such as duration, resistance used or warm-up time and intensity must be adjusted according to the evaluated subjects and the aim of the study. Other variables such as position on the bike or equipment used should also be controlled if we want to guarantee its replicability.

scholarly journals Digestive involvement in COVID-19: what we have learned in the past 12 months

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Posmag ◽  
Liliana David ◽  
Dan L. Dumitrascu
Keyword(s):  
Observational Studies ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Treatment Schedule ◽  
Gastrointestinal Involvement ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

Background and aim. The year 2020 will remain in the medical history as the year of COVID-19 pandemic. Although COVID-19 is considered mainly a respiratory disease, it is well known now that SARS-CoV-2 can affect major organs including the digestive system. This is a comprehensive review on gastrointestinal involvement in the SARS-CoV-2 infection, also the digestive damage due to COVID-19. Methods. A literature search was undertaken in main databases of medical publications following the search items digestive or gastrointestinal or gastric or enteral and SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19.  Data on gastrointestinal symptoms and alterations in this viral condition were collected and presented. Only observational studies were included. Results. In this review we discuss the recent information on the relationship between COVID-19 and the digestive system. The putative underlying pathogenic mechanisms of COVID-19 as well as the clinical findings in relation to gastrointestinal changes are presented. Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 virus can affect any part of the digestive system. Patients with chronic diseases are at greatest risk of adverse out-comes. There is a considerable risk for drug-drug interactions in patients who require a large treatment schedule.

New and upcoming treatments in antiphospholipid syndrome: A comprehensive review

2018 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 108-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Signorelli ◽  
Gustavo Guimarães Moreira Balbi ◽  
Vinicius Domingues ◽  
Roger Abramino Levy
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Comprehensive Review

The antiphospholipid (antibody) syndrome

2011 ◽  
pp. 343-352
Author(s):  
Alan J. Hakim ◽  
Gavin P.R. Clunie ◽  
Inam Haq
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Pregnancy Morbidity

Introduction 344 Epidemiology and pathology 345 Clinical features of antiphospholipid syndrome 346 Treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome 348 Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome 350 The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was first described in the 1980s and comprises arterial and venous thrombosis with or without pregnancy morbidity in the presence of anticardiolipin (ACL) antibodies or the lupus anticoagulant (LAC). It can be primary, or secondary to other autoimmune diseases, most commonly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (...

Central serous chorioretinopathy and antiphospholipid syndrome: Three cases report

Lupus ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 096120332097973
Author(s):  
Paul Billoir ◽  
Adrien Michon ◽  
Luc Darnige
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibodies ◽  
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Pregnancy Morbidity

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired autoimmune disease characterized by recurrent venous or arterial thrombotic events and pregnancy morbidity, with persistently presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). We report three cases of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) associated with APS.

scholarly journals Esketamine: new hope for the treatment of treatment-resistant depression? A narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 204209862093789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S Salahudeen ◽  
Cameron M Wright ◽  
Gregory M Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Product Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Phase Iii Trials ◽  
Resistant Depression

This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the current literature on the pharmacology, safety, efficacy and tolerability of intranasal esketamine, the S-enantiomer of ketamine, for the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). A literature search using Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central was conducted (January 2000 to July 2019). Product information and www.clinicaltrials.gov were also reviewed. The literature search was limited to human studies published in English. Phase I, II, and III studies of intranasal esketamine for TRD were reviewed. About a third of patients with major depressive disorder fail to achieve remission despite treatment with multiple antidepressants. This article examines the trials that led to the approval of esketamine in the United States, as well as other recent studies of esketamine for TRD. The findings from limited phase III trials illustrate that intranasal esketamine is effective and safe in reducing depressive symptoms and achieving clinical response in patients with TRD. The optimum duration and frequency of use are not fully understood. Although the nasal spray is a convenient dosage form, its use in practice may be limited by cost and administrative regulation. While it may prove beneficial to many patients who suffer from TRD, further long-term data are required, along with comparative trials with the R-isomer (arketamine). In the interim, care and monitoring should be exercised in its use in clinical practice.

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