scholarly journals Designing Post COVID-19 Buildings: Approaches for Achieving Healthy Buildings

Buildings ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Satheeskumar Navaratnam ◽  
Kate Nguyen ◽  
Kajanan Selvaranjan ◽  
Guomin Zhang ◽  
Priyan Mendis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Engineering Control ◽  
Voice Control ◽  
Social Gathering ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

The COVID-19 pandemic forced the accessibility, social gathering, lifestyle, and working environment to be changed to reduce the infection. Coronavirus spreads between people in several different ways. Small liquid particles (aerosols, respiratory droplets) from an infected person are transmitted through air and surfaces that are in contact with humans. Reducing transmission through modified heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and building design are potential solutions. A comprehensive review of the engineering control preventive measures to mitigate COVID-19 spread, healthy building design, and material was carried out. The current state-of-the-art engineering control preventive measures presented include ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), bipolar ionization, vertical gardening, and indoor plants. They have potential to improve the indoor air quality. In addition, this article presents building design with materials (e.g., copper alloys, anti-microbial paintings) and smart technologies (e.g., automation, voice control, and artificial intelligence-based facial recognition) to mitigate the infections of communicable diseases.

Hygienic assessment of working conditions working in LLC “Oil and gas equipment plant»

2020 ◽  
pp. 733-733
Author(s):  
V. P. Rodkin ◽  
A. N. Usatov ◽  
V. G. Demchenko
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Working Environment

The authors conducted a hygienic assessment of working conditions of employees in LLC «Oil and gas equipment plant» on the basis of research of the Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Omsk region. The factors of the working environment and working conditions of workers having an impact on their health. Are studied. Hygiene-based preventive measures have been developed.

DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENT OCCURRENCE IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jafri Mohd Rohani ◽  
Mohamed Fitri Johari ◽  
Wan Harun Wan Hamid ◽  
Hood Atan
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Occupational Accident ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Safety Officer ◽  
Safe Working

The objective of this paper is to analyze the demography aspect of occupational accident occurrence in Malaysia for manufacturing industry. High accident rate would give an adverse effect not only to the victims and their family but also to the organization as well. This study analyses various type of occupational accidents which limited to temporary disability with more than one day sick leave and cases recorded range between 2008 and 2013. The data is gathered from six different sectors within manufacturing industry by using local specific approach.  Information related to each accident is obtained by checking past occupational accident record and interviewing site safety officer in charge, human resource representative, site supervisor and fellow workers. There are 342 cases in total have been gathered during data collection process before data analysis phase took place. This study provides a better perspective regarding to occupational accident occurrence to interested stakeholder such as enforcement body, occupational health and safety practitioner and company management itself. The findings from this study can be used to draft necessary preventive measures in order to provide safe working environment which can give significant impact through reduction of occupational accidents in the future.

scholarly journals Comparison of European Standard Patch Test Results of 330 Patients from an Occupational Diseases Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özge Gündüz ◽  
Aslı Aytekin ◽  
Engin Tutkun ◽  
Hınç Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Patch Test ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Test Results ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Household Activities

Background and Aim.Contact dermatitis (CD) is the most prevalent occupational skin disease with a significant impact on quality of life. Patch testing is used for the identification of responsible allergens which may improve protective and preventive measures in the workplace. Herein, we aim to identify the demographic characteristics and occupation of patients with early diagnosis of occupational CD and compare patch test results.Materials and Methods.The study included 330 patients referred to our clinic between April 2009 and April 2011 and who were patch-tested with 28-allergen European Standard Test.Results.126 (38%) patients were female and 204 (62%) were male with a mean age of 36.12 (±13.13) years. Positive allergic reactions were observed in 182 (55%) patients. Nickel sulphate (41/126) and potassium dichromate (39/204) were significantly the most common allergens in women and men, respectively (P<0.005). Additionally, the most common occupation in women was household activities (83/126) and in men was manufacturing (80/204).Conclusion.The allergens to which people become sensitized differ according to their working environment and occupation. Classification of occupations is important for identification of sensitization risks and monitoring of changes in allergen distribution of different occupations.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk in petrochemical workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-503
Author(s):  
Zulfiya F. Gimaeva ◽  
I. V. Bukhtiyarov ◽  
A. B. Bakirov ◽  
V. A. Kaptsov ◽  
L. K. Karimova
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Very High

Introduction. The high prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system of workers in various sectors of the economy, the lack of data on the effects of harmful production factors on the formation of cardiovascular diseases in petrochemical industry workers justify the importance of conducting special studies on these petrochemical complex plants with the aim of assessing cardiovascular risk with the subsequent development of preventive measures. Material and methods. The objects of the study were workers in the production of monomers (ethylene, propylene, ethylbenzene, isoprene, divinyl) of petrochemical enterprises. Hygienic studies of the working conditions of workers included an assessment of the factors of the working environment and the labor process using generally accepted methods. Comprehensive clinical examination of workers included periodic examinations (n = 2634) with calculation of total and relative cardiovascular risk using the SCORE system, using questionnaire data, a Reeder L questionnaire and an in-depth clinical diagnostic medical examination (n = 101) with the definition total cardiovascular risk. Results. The most significant occupational factors of the labor process for workers in the main profession - panmen were established to include the combination of a chemical factor with the occupational noise and labor intensity, with an overall assessment of working conditions 3.2. The class of working conditions of workers of the comparison group (locksmith in instrumentation and automation corresponds to the permissible). There were revealed a high prevalence of arterial hypertension and other factors of cardiovascular risk. A higher dependence of the arterial hypertension level on age and length of service in the group of panmen was established when compared to the mechanicians of instrumentation and automation. Using mathematical models of multiple regression, the likely dynamics of the level of arterial hypertension and the left ventricular myocardial mass index were calculated under the influence of increasing age and other risk predictors. Conclusion. The results of a clinical study showed workers with severe arterial hypertension, a high and very high risk of death from cardiovascular disease on the SCORE scale, a high and very high overall cardiovascular risk, signs of dyslipidemia, obesity, high stress levels to require close attention. It is important to timely diagnose lesions of target organs, to conduct rational prevention aimed at reducing risk factors. According to the results of the study, there were developed preventive measures aimed at reducing cardiovascular morbidity and cardiovascular risk, prolonging the longevity of workers in petrochemical industries.

scholarly journals Bringing Energy Efficiency for Hospital Building through the Conservative and Preventive Measures

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 3056-3060
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Domestic Water

The energy consumption of hospital buildings, have increased due to embedment of sophisticated equipment pertaining to advent of technology. Factors affecting energy consumptions are air quality monitoring, high maintenance of sophisticated machineries, accurate sanitization of premises, high load of patients to doctor ratio in India which is 1596:1 as compared to regulation of 1000:1 prescribed by World Health Organization (WHO). Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) reported that nearly 60% of health care services and hospitals do not meet the minimum of Energy Performance Index (EPI) criteria. Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) of India shows that hospitals in India have a potential to achieve 42% energy saving by implementing energy efficient measures. Hence, there is a dire need to assess the parameters contributing to heavy energy consumption and the conservative and preventive measures need to be addressed. Literature indicates incorporation of efficient domestic water heating techniques, boilers, usage of renewable energies, thermal insulation improvement, optimal building design, improvement of air conditioning and heating systems, optimizing electric energy installations etc as possible techniques for achieving energy efficiency. A compile of best practices proposed from literature as compared to the regulations made by ECBC, CII, MEDA, and GBC (Green building council) is made in this paper. HVAC being the highest contributing system for energy consumption, IoT based working models are prepared and proposed for application; suitability of adoption of the system is discussed.

scholarly journals Анализ антропогенной преобразованности ландшафтов Андроповского района Ставропольского края

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
М.В. Нефедова ◽  
А.С. Куленко
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Current State

The article deals with the issues of the current state and the degree of anthropogenic transformation of landscapes. On the example of the landscapes of the Andropovsky district of the Stavropol Territory, the types of land use are analyzed, and the anthropogenic load is estimated. The obtained data allow us to identify the places most exposed to anthropogenic impact and in need of preventive measures to protect the landscapes. The results of the study can be used to optimize the structure of land use in the Andropovsky district and for further research on the problems of anthropogenic impact on landscapes.

scholarly journals Review of spectral lighting simulation tools for non-image- forming effects of light

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012122
Author(s):  
M Gkaintatzi-Masouti ◽  
J van Duijnhoven ◽  
M P J Aarts
Keyword(s):  
Building Design ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Current State ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Lighting Simulation ◽  
User Friendly

Abstract Light via our eyes influences visual performance, visual comfort and visual experience, but also affects several health related, non-image-forming (NIF) responses. New metrics have been developed to quantify the NIF effects of light. In order to incorporate these in lighting design practice, simulation tools are required that are able to process information about the spectral distribution of light sources and materials. However, most of the tools currently used for daylight and electric light simulations simplify the spectrum into RGB (Red, Green, Blue) colour values. This paper presents an overview of the currently used programs for simulating the NIF effects of light in building design and discusses the possibility of using existing spectral rendering software as an alternative. A review of literature shows that mostly Radiance or Radiance-based programs have been used so far, but new user-friendly tools could employ existing spectral rendering tools. As the NIF effects of light gain greater importance in lighting design, new simulation workflows are needed. This paper aims to support the development of future workflows by presenting the current state-of-the-art.

scholarly journals Micro Friction Stir Welding Process: State of the Art

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshansh Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Zinc Alloys ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Friction Stir Welding Process ◽  
Thin Walled Structures ◽  
Current State ◽  
Mechanical Assemblies

IMicro friction stir welding (µFSW) process is mainly adapted from the Friction Stir Welding Process. This process is mainly used for joining dissimilar materials. Micro friction stir welding (µFSW) find its applications in thin walled structures, electrical, electronic and micro-mechanical assemblies. The significant challenges are faced when we downscale to achieve µFSW. This paper addresses the current state of the understanding and development of Micro friction stir welding. This paper further outlines the results achieved after Micro friction stir processing of Aluminium alloys, Copper alloys and Zinc alloys.

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